axios/tests/unit/adapters/fetch.test.js

import { describe, it, vi } from 'vitest';
import assert from 'assert';
import {
  startHTTPServer,
  stopHTTPServer,
  setTimeoutAsync,
  makeReadableStream,
  generateReadable,
  makeEchoStream,
} from '../../setup/server.js';
import axios from '../../../index.js';
import AxiosError from '../../../lib/core/AxiosError.js';
import utils from '../../../lib/utils.js';
import { getFetch } from '../../../lib/adapters/fetch.js';
import stream from 'stream';
import { AbortController } from 'abortcontroller-polyfill/dist/cjs-ponyfill.js';
import util from 'util';
import NodeFormData from 'form-data';
import { VERSION } from '../../../lib/env/data.js';

const SERVER_PORT = 8010;
const LOCAL_SERVER_URL = `http://localhost:${SERVER_PORT}`;

const pipelineAsync = util.promisify(stream.pipeline);

const fetchAxios = axios.create({
  baseURL: LOCAL_SERVER_URL,
  adapter: 'fetch',
});

const getFetchSignal = (input, init) => (init && init.signal) || (input && input.signal);

const createBrokenDOMExceptionLikeError = () =>
  Object.defineProperties(
    {},
    {
      name: {
        get() {
          throw new TypeError(
            'The DOMException.name getter can only be used on instances of DOMException'
          );
        },
      },
      message: {
        get() {
          throw new TypeError(
            'The DOMException.message getter can only be used on instances of DOMException'
          );
        },
      },
    }
  );

describe.runIf(typeof fetch === 'function')('supports fetch with nodejs', () => {
  it('rejects malformed HTTP URLs before fetch normalization and preserves config', async () => {
    for (const url of ['\u0000https:example.com/users', 'h\nttp:example.com/users']) {
      await assert.rejects(
        () =>
          axios.get(url, {
            adapter: 'fetch',
            headers: {
              'X-Test': 'yes',
            },
          }),
        (error) => {
          assert.ok(error instanceof AxiosError);
          assert.strictEqual(error.code, AxiosError.ERR_INVALID_URL);
          assert.strictEqual(error.message, 'Invalid URL: missing "//" after protocol');
          assert.strictEqual(error.config.url, url);
          assert.strictEqual(error.config.headers.get('X-Test'), 'yes');
          return true;
        }
      );
    }
  });

  it('should sanitize request headers containing CRLF characters', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
        res.end(
          JSON.stringify({
            xTest: req.headers['x-test'],
            injected: req.headers.injected ?? null,
          })
        );
      },
      {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      }
    );

    try {
      const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, {
        headers: {
          'x-test': '\tok\r\nInjected: yes ',
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data.xTest, 'okInjected: yes');
      assert.strictEqual(data.injected, null);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should not use inherited Symbol.iterator for request headers', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => {
      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
      res.end(
        JSON.stringify({
          authorization: req.headers.authorization,
          xApp: req.headers['x-app'],
          xInjected: req.headers['x-injected'] ?? null,
        })
      );
    });

    try {
      Object.prototype[Symbol.iterator] = function* () {
        yield ['X-Injected', 'yes'];
        yield ['Authorization', 'Bearer CHANGED'];
      };

      const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
        headers: {
          Authorization: 'Bearer VALID_USER_TOKEN',
          'X-App': 'safe',
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data.authorization, 'Bearer VALID_USER_TOKEN');
      assert.strictEqual(data.xApp, 'safe');
      assert.strictEqual(data.xInjected, null);
    } finally {
      delete Object.prototype[Symbol.iterator];
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should allow request interceptors to encode Unicode header values before fetch sends them', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
        res.end(
          JSON.stringify({
            oprtName: req.headers.oprtname,
          })
        );
      },
      {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      }
    );

    const instance = axios.create({
      baseURL: LOCAL_SERVER_URL,
      adapter: 'fetch',
    });

    instance.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
      config.headers.oprtName = encodeURIComponent(config.headers.oprtName);
      return config;
    });

    try {
      const { data } = await instance.get('/', {
        headers: {
          oprtName: '请求用户',
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data.oprtName, encodeURIComponent('请求用户'));
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should sanitize unencoded Unicode headers before passing them to fetch', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
        res.end(
          JSON.stringify({
            xTest: req.headers['x-test'],
          })
        );
      },
      {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      }
    );

    try {
      const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, {
        headers: {
          'x-test': '请求用户',
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data.xTest, '');
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  describe('responses', () => {
    it('should support text response type', async () => {
      const originalData = 'my data';

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(originalData), {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'text',
        });

        assert.deepStrictEqual(data, originalData);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should support arraybuffer response type', async () => {
      const originalData = 'my data';

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(originalData), {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'arraybuffer',
        });

        assert.deepStrictEqual(
          data,
          Uint8Array.from(await new TextEncoder().encode(originalData)).buffer
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should support blob response type', async () => {
      const originalData = 'my data';

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(originalData), {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'blob',
        });

        assert.deepStrictEqual(data, new Blob([originalData]));
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should support stream response type', async () => {
      const originalData = 'my data';

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(originalData), {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'stream',
        });

        assert.ok(data instanceof ReadableStream, 'data is not instanceof ReadableStream');

        const response = new Response(data);

        assert.deepStrictEqual(await response.text(), originalData);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should support formData response type', async () => {
      const originalData = new FormData();

      originalData.append('x', '123');

      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        async (req, res) => {
          const response = await new Response(originalData);

          res.setHeader('Content-Type', response.headers.get('Content-Type'));

          res.end(await response.text());
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'formdata',
        });

        assert.ok(data instanceof FormData, 'data is not instanceof FormData');

        assert.deepStrictEqual(
          Object.fromEntries(data.entries()),
          Object.fromEntries(originalData.entries())
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    }, 5000);

    it('should support json response type', async () => {
      const originalData = { x: 'my data' };

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(JSON.stringify(originalData)), {
        port: SERVER_PORT,
      });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'json',
        });

        assert.deepStrictEqual(data, originalData);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  describe('progress', () => {
    describe('upload', () => {
      it('should support upload progress capturing', async () => {
        const server = await startHTTPServer(
          {
            rate: 100 * 1024,
          },
          { port: SERVER_PORT }
        );

        try {
          let content = '';
          const count = 10;
          const chunk = 'test';
          const chunkLength = Buffer.byteLength(chunk);
          const contentLength = count * chunkLength;

          const readable = stream.Readable.from(
            (async function* () {
              let i = count;

              while (i-- > 0) {
                await setTimeoutAsync(1100);
                content += chunk;
                yield chunk;
              }
            })()
          );

          const samples = [];

          const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(
            `http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
            readable,
            {
              onUploadProgress: ({ loaded, total, progress, bytes, upload }) => {
                console.log(
                  `Upload Progress ${loaded} from ${total} bytes (${(progress * 100).toFixed(1)}%)`
                );

                samples.push({
                  loaded,
                  total,
                  progress,
                  bytes,
                  upload,
                });
              },
              headers: {
                'Content-Length': contentLength,
              },
              responseType: 'text',
            }
          );

          await setTimeoutAsync(500);

          assert.strictEqual(data, content);

          assert.deepStrictEqual(
            samples,
            Array.from(
              (function* () {
                for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
                  yield {
                    loaded: chunkLength * i,
                    total: contentLength,
                    progress: (chunkLength * i) / contentLength,
                    bytes: 4,
                    upload: true,
                  };
                }
              })()
            )
          );
        } finally {
          await stopHTTPServer(server);
        }
      }, 15000);

      it('should not fail with get method', async () => {
        const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end('OK'), { port: SERVER_PORT });

        try {
          const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
            onUploadProgress() {},
          });

          assert.strictEqual(data, 'OK');
        } finally {
          await stopHTTPServer(server);
        }
      });
    });

    describe('download', () => {
      it('should support download progress capturing', async () => {
        const server = await startHTTPServer(
          {
            rate: 100 * 1024,
          },
          {
            port: SERVER_PORT,
          }
        );

        try {
          let content = '';
          const count = 10;
          const chunk = 'test';
          const chunkLength = Buffer.byteLength(chunk);
          const contentLength = count * chunkLength;

          const readable = stream.Readable.from(
            (async function* () {
              let i = count;

              while (i-- > 0) {
                await setTimeoutAsync(1100);
                content += chunk;
                yield chunk;
              }
            })()
          );

          const samples = [];

          const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(
            `http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
            readable,
            {
              onDownloadProgress: ({ loaded, total, progress, bytes, download }) => {
                console.log(
                  `Download Progress ${loaded} from ${total} bytes (${(progress * 100).toFixed(1)}%)`
                );

                samples.push({
                  loaded,
                  total,
                  progress,
                  bytes,
                  download,
                });
              },
              headers: {
                'Content-Length': contentLength,
              },
              responseType: 'text',
              maxRedirects: 0,
            }
          );

          await setTimeoutAsync(500);

          assert.strictEqual(data, content);

          assert.deepStrictEqual(
            samples,
            Array.from(
              (function* () {
                for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
                  yield {
                    loaded: chunkLength * i,
                    total: contentLength,
                    progress: (chunkLength * i) / contentLength,
                    bytes: 4,
                    download: true,
                  };
                }
              })()
            )
          );
        } finally {
          await stopHTTPServer(server);
        }
      }, 15000);
    });
  });

  it('should support basic auth', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(req.headers.authorization), {
      port: SERVER_PORT,
    });

    try {
      const user = 'foo';
      const headers = { Authorization: 'Bearer 1234' };
      const res = await fetchAxios.get(`http://${user}@localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
        headers,
      });

      const base64 = Buffer.from(`${user}:`, 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.equal(res.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should decode basic auth credentials from the request URL', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(
        `http://my%40email.com:pa%24ss@localhost:${server.address().port}/`
      );
      const base64 = Buffer.from('my@email.com:pa$ss', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should UTF-8 encode basic auth credentials from the request URL', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(
        `http://%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7:pa%C3%9F@localhost:${server.address().port}/`
      );
      const base64 = Buffer.from('\u7528\u6237:pa\u00df', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('keeps malformed URL credentials percent-encoding and does not throw', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(`http://user%:foo%zz@localhost:${server.address().port}/`);
      const base64 = Buffer.from('user%:foo%zz', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should support password-only basic auth credentials from the request URL', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(`http://:secret@localhost:${server.address().port}/`);
      const base64 = Buffer.from(':secret', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should prefer config auth over basic auth credentials from the request URL', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const auth = { username: 'config-user', password: 'config-pass' };
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(
        `http://url-user:url-pass@localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
        { auth }
      );
      const base64 = Buffer.from('config-user:config-pass', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should support basic auth with a header', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.end(req.headers.authorization);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const auth = { username: 'foo', password: 'bar' };
      const headers = { AuThOrIzAtIoN: 'Bearer 1234' }; // wonky casing to ensure caseless comparison
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
        auth,
        headers,
      });
      const base64 = Buffer.from('foo:bar', 'utf8').toString('base64');
      assert.strictEqual(response.data, `Basic ${base64}`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should ignore inherited nested auth fields', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(req.headers.authorization), {
      port: SERVER_PORT,
    });

    Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, 'username', {
      value: 'inherited-user',
      configurable: true,
    });
    Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, 'password', {
      value: 'inherited-pass',
      configurable: true,
    });

    try {
      const response = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
        auth: {},
      });

      assert.strictEqual(response.data, 'Basic Og==');
    } finally {
      delete Object.prototype.username;
      delete Object.prototype.password;
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should support stream.Readable as a payload', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(async (req, res) => res.end('OK'), { port: SERVER_PORT });

    try {
      const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(
        `http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
        stream.Readable.from('OK')
      );

      assert.strictEqual(data, 'OK');
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  describe('request aborting', () => {
    it('should be able to abort the request stream', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        {
          rate: 100000,
          useBuffering: true,
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const controller = new AbortController();

        setTimeout(() => {
          controller.abort();
        }, 500);

        await assert.rejects(async () => {
          await fetchAxios.post(
            `http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
            makeReadableStream(),
            {
              responseType: 'stream',
              signal: controller.signal,
            }
          );
        }, /CanceledError/);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should be able to abort the response stream', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          pipelineAsync(generateReadable(10000, 10), res).catch(() => {
            // Client-side abort intentionally closes the stream early in this test.
          });
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const controller = new AbortController();

        setTimeout(() => {
          controller.abort(new Error('test'));
        }, 800);

        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          responseType: 'stream',
          signal: controller.signal,
        });

        await assert.rejects(async () => {
          await data.pipeTo(makeEchoStream());
        }, /^(AbortError|CanceledError):/);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  it('should support a timeout', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      async (req, res) => {
        await setTimeoutAsync(1000);
        res.end('OK');
      },
      { port: 0 }
    );

    try {
      const timeout = 500;

      const ts = Date.now();

      await assert.rejects(async () => {
        await fetchAxios(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          timeout,
        });
      }, /timeout/);

      const passed = Date.now() - ts;

      assert.ok(passed >= timeout - 5, `early cancellation detected (${passed} ms)`);
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  describe('fetch adapter - timeout normalization', () => {
    it('should reject with an AxiosError(ETIMEDOUT) on timeout', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        async (req, res) => {
          await setTimeoutAsync(1000);
          res.end('OK');
        },
        { port: 0 }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          () =>
            fetchAxios(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
              timeout: 200,
            }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.name, 'AxiosError');
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ETIMEDOUT');
            assert.match(err.message, /timeout of 200ms exceeded/);
            return true;
          }
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should not classify a user-initiated abort as a timeout', async () => {
      const safariFetch = (url, init) => {
        const signal = getFetchSignal(url, init);

        return new Promise((_resolve, reject) => {
          const onAbort = () => {
            signal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort);
            reject(createBrokenDOMExceptionLikeError());
          };

          if (signal.aborted) return onAbort();
          signal.addEventListener('abort', onAbort);
        });
      };

      const controller = new AbortController();

      const request = fetchAxios.get('/', {
        signal: controller.signal,
        env: { fetch: safariFetch },
      });

      controller.abort();

      await assert.rejects(
        () => request,
        (err) => {
          assert.strictEqual(err.name, 'CanceledError');
          assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_CANCELED');
          assert.strictEqual(axios.isCancel(err), true);
          return true;
        }
      );
    });

    it('sets a non-enumerable cause on canceled fetch errors so loggers do not throw (#7205)', async () => {
      const underlying = new Error('abort internals');
      const socket = { name: 'Socket' };
      socket.self = socket;
      underlying.socket = socket;

      const abortingFetch = (url, init) => {
        const signal = getFetchSignal(url, init);

        return new Promise((_resolve, reject) => {
          const onAbort = () => {
            signal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort);
            reject(underlying);
          };

          if (signal.aborted) return onAbort();
          signal.addEventListener('abort', onAbort);
        });
      };

      const controller = new AbortController();

      const request = fetchAxios.get('/', {
        signal: controller.signal,
        env: { fetch: abortingFetch },
      });

      controller.abort();

      const err = await request.catch((e) => e);

      assert.strictEqual(err.name, 'CanceledError');
      assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_CANCELED');
      assert.strictEqual(err.cause, underlying);
      assert.strictEqual(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(err, 'cause').enumerable, false);
      assert.ok(!Object.keys(err).includes('cause'));
      assert.doesNotThrow(() => JSON.stringify(Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(err))));
    });

    // Timing-sensitive: a 50ms abort race observed by a fake fetch can flake
    // under CI runner load even though the production code is fine. Retry as
    // a backstop.
    it(
      'should surface ETIMEDOUT when fetch rejects with a broken DOMException on abort (Safari)',
      { retry: 2 },
      async () => {
        const safariFetch = (url, init) => {
          const signal = getFetchSignal(url, init);

          return new Promise((_resolve, reject) => {
            const onAbort = () => {
              signal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort);
              reject(createBrokenDOMExceptionLikeError());
            };

            if (signal.aborted) return onAbort();
            signal.addEventListener('abort', onAbort);
          });
        };

        await assert.rejects(
          () =>
            fetchAxios.get('/', {
              timeout: 50,
              env: { fetch: safariFetch },
            }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.name, 'AxiosError');
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ETIMEDOUT');
            assert.match(err.message, /timeout of 50ms exceeded/);
            return true;
          }
        );
      }
    );
  });

  it('should combine baseURL and url', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(async (req, res) => res.end('OK'), { port: SERVER_PORT });
    try {
      const res = await fetchAxios('/foo');

      assert.equal(res.config.baseURL, LOCAL_SERVER_URL);
      assert.equal(res.config.url, '/foo');
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should send QUERY requests with a body through the fetch adapter', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        let body = '';
        req.on('data', (chunk) => {
          body += chunk;
        });
        req.on('end', () => {
          res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
          res.end(JSON.stringify({ method: req.method, url: req.url, body }));
        });
      },
      { port: 0 }
    );

    try {
      const { data } = await fetchAxios.query(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/search`, {
        selector: 'field1',
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data.method, 'QUERY');
      assert.strictEqual(data.url, '/search');
      assert.deepStrictEqual(JSON.parse(data.body), { selector: 'field1' });
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should support params', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end(req.url), { port: SERVER_PORT });
    try {
      const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/?test=1`, {
        params: {
          foo: 1,
          bar: 2,
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data, '/?test=1&foo=1&bar=2');
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  it('should handle fetch failed error as an AxiosError with ERR_NETWORK code', async () => {
    try {
      await fetchAxios('http://notExistsUrl.in.nowhere');
      assert.fail('should fail');
    } catch (err) {
      assert.strictEqual(String(err), 'AxiosError: Network Error');
      assert.strictEqual(err.cause && err.cause.code, 'ENOTFOUND');
      // `cause` must be non-enumerable so own-property serialization is safe (#7205).
      assert.strictEqual(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(err, 'cause').enumerable, false);
    }
  });

  it('sets a non-enumerable cause on network errors so loggers do not throw (#7205)', async () => {
    // Underlying error carrying a circular reference, like a Node socket.
    const underlying = new Error('connect ECONNREFUSED');
    underlying.code = 'ECONNREFUSED';
    const socket = { name: 'Socket' };
    socket.self = socket; // circular
    underlying.socket = socket;

    const failingFetch = () =>
      Promise.reject(Object.assign(new TypeError('fetch failed'), { cause: underlying }));

    const err = await fetchAxios.get('/', { env: { fetch: failingFetch } }).catch((e) => e);

    assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_NETWORK');
    assert.strictEqual(err.cause, underlying); // still accessible for debugging
    assert.strictEqual(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(err, 'cause').enumerable, false);
    assert.ok(!Object.keys(err).includes('cause'));
    // pino/winston-style own-property walk must not throw on the circular cause.
    assert.doesNotThrow(() => JSON.stringify(Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(err))));
  });

  it('should get response headers', async () => {
    const server = await startHTTPServer(
      (req, res) => {
        res.setHeader('foo', 'bar');
        res.end(req.url);
      },
      { port: SERVER_PORT }
    );

    try {
      const { headers } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
        responseType: 'stream',
      });

      assert.strictEqual(headers.get('foo'), 'bar');
    } finally {
      await stopHTTPServer(server);
    }
  });

  describe('fetch adapter - Content-Type handling', () => {
    it('should set correct Content-Type for FormData automatically', async () => {
      const form = new NodeFormData();
      form.append('foo', 'bar');

      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          const contentType = req.headers['content-type'];
          assert.match(contentType, /^multipart\/form-data; boundary=/i);
          res.end('OK');
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await fetchAxios.post(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/form`, form);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should remove manually set Content-Type without boundary for FormData', async () => {
      const form = new FormData();
      form.append('foo', 'bar');

      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          const contentType = req.headers['content-type'];
          assert.match(contentType, /^multipart\/form-data; boundary=/i);
          res.end('OK');
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await fetchAxios.post(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/form`, form, {
          headers: { 'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data' },
        });
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should preserve Content-Type if it already has boundary', async () => {
      const form = new FormData();
      form.append('foo', 'bar');

      const customBoundary = '----CustomBoundary123';

      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          const contentType = req.headers['content-type'];
          assert.ok(contentType.includes(customBoundary));
          res.end('OK');
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await fetchAxios.post(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/form`, form, {
          headers: {
            'Content-Type': `multipart/form-data; boundary=${customBoundary}`,
          },
        });
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  describe('fetch adapter - User-Agent header', () => {
    it('should set User-Agent header to axios/<version> by default', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
          res.end(JSON.stringify({ userAgent: req.headers['user-agent'] }));
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          payload: 'test',
        });

        assert.strictEqual(data.userAgent, `axios/${VERSION}`);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should not override a user-provided User-Agent header', async () => {
      const customUA = 'my-custom-agent/1.0';

      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
          res.end(JSON.stringify({ userAgent: req.headers['user-agent'] }));
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(
          `http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`,
          { payload: 'test' },
          { headers: { 'User-Agent': customUA } }
        );

        assert.strictEqual(data.userAgent, customUA);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  describe('env config', () => {
    it('should fallback to globalThis when utils.global is temporarily undefined', () => {
      const originalGlobal = utils.global;

      try {
        utils.global = undefined;

        assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
          getFetch({
            env: {
              fetch() {},
            },
          })
        );
      } finally {
        utils.global = originalGlobal;
      }
    });

    it('should respect env fetch API configuration', async () => {
      const { data, headers } = await fetchAxios.get('/', {
        env: {
          fetch() {
            return {
              headers: {
                foo: '1',
              },
              text: async () => 'test',
            };
          },
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(headers.get('foo'), '1');
      assert.strictEqual(data, 'test');
    });

    it('should be able to request with lack of Request object', async () => {
      const form = new FormData();

      form.append('x', '1');

      const { data, headers } = await fetchAxios.post('/', form, {
        onUploadProgress() {
          // dummy listener to activate streaming
        },
        env: {
          Request: null,
          fetch() {
            return {
              headers: {
                foo: '1',
              },
              text: async () => 'test',
            };
          },
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(headers.get('foo'), '1');
      assert.strictEqual(data, 'test');
    });

    it('should be able to handle response with lack of Response object', async () => {
      const { data, headers } = await fetchAxios.get('/', {
        onDownloadProgress() {
          // dummy listener to activate streaming
        },
        env: {
          Request: null,
          Response: null,
          fetch() {
            return {
              headers: {
                foo: '1',
              },
              text: async () => 'test',
            };
          },
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(headers.get('foo'), '1');
      assert.strictEqual(data, 'test');
    });

    it('should fallback to the global on undefined env value', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end('OK'), { port: SERVER_PORT });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          env: {
            fetch: undefined,
          },
        });

        assert.strictEqual(data, 'OK');
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should use current global fetch when env fetch is not specified', async () => {
      const globalFetch = global.fetch;

      vi.stubGlobal('fetch', async () => {
        return {
          headers: {
            foo: '1',
          },
          text: async () => 'global',
        };
      });

      const server = await startHTTPServer((req, res) => res.end('OK'), { port: SERVER_PORT });

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}/`, {
          env: {
            fetch: undefined,
          },
        });

        assert.strictEqual(data, 'global');
      } finally {
        vi.stubGlobal('fetch', globalFetch);
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  describe('size limits', () => {
    const makeUploadStream = (totalBytes, chunkSize = 512) => {
      let remaining = totalBytes;

      return new ReadableStream({
        pull(controller) {
          if (remaining <= 0) {
            controller.close();
            return;
          }

          const size = Math.min(chunkSize, remaining);
          remaining -= size;
          controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(size));
        },
      });
    };

    it('should reject an outbound body that exceeds maxBodyLength with ERR_BAD_REQUEST', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          res.end('ok');
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          fetchAxios.post(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, 'A'.repeat(2048), {
            maxBodyLength: 1024,
          }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_REQUEST');
            assert.match(err.message, /Request body larger than maxBodyLength limit/);
            return true;
          }
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should reject a streamed outbound body that exceeds maxBodyLength during upload', async () => {
      let bytesReceived = 0;
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          req.on('data', (chunk) => {
            bytesReceived += chunk.length;
          });
          req.on('error', () => {});
          req.on('end', () => {
            res.end('ok');
          });
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          fetchAxios.post(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, makeUploadStream(2048), {
            maxBodyLength: 1024,
            headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream' },
          }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_REQUEST');
            assert.strictEqual(err.message, 'Request body larger than maxBodyLength limit');
            return true;
          }
        );

        assert.ok(
          bytesReceived <= 1024,
          `server should not receive more than maxBodyLength; got ${bytesReceived}`
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should enforce maxBodyLength on a stream even when a smaller Content-Length is declared', async () => {
      let bytesReceived = 0;
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          req.on('data', (chunk) => {
            bytesReceived += chunk.length;
          });
          req.on('error', () => {});
          req.on('end', () => {
            res.end('ok');
          });
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          // A caller-declared Content-Length that under-reports the real body
          // must not let an oversized stream slip past the limit.
          fetchAxios.post(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, makeUploadStream(8192), {
            maxBodyLength: 1024,
            headers: {
              'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
              'Content-Length': '500',
            },
          }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_REQUEST');
            assert.strictEqual(err.message, 'Request body larger than maxBodyLength limit');
            return true;
          }
        );

        assert.ok(
          bytesReceived <= 1024,
          `server should not receive more than maxBodyLength; got ${bytesReceived}`
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should enforce maxBodyLength with custom fetch when Request is unavailable', async () => {
      let bytesRead = 0;

      await assert.rejects(
        fetchAxios.post('/', makeUploadStream(2048), {
          maxBodyLength: 1024,
          headers: {
            'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
            'Content-Length': '1',
          },
          env: {
            Request: null,
            async fetch(_url, options) {
              for await (const chunk of options.body) {
                bytesRead += chunk.byteLength;
              }
              return {
                headers: {},
                status: 200,
                statusText: 'OK',
                text: async () => 'ok',
              };
            },
          },
        }),
        (err) => {
          assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_REQUEST');
          assert.strictEqual(err.message, 'Request body larger than maxBodyLength limit');
          return true;
        }
      );

      assert.ok(bytesRead <= 1024, `custom fetch read too many bytes; got ${bytesRead}`);
    });

    it('should not force ReadableStream bodies when Request does not support request streams', async () => {
      let fetchCalled = false;

      class NoStreamRequest {
        constructor(_url, init) {
          if (init && utils.isReadableStream(init.body)) {
            throw new TypeError('ReadableStream request bodies are unsupported');
          }
        }
      }

      await assert.rejects(
        fetchAxios.post('/', stream.Readable.from([Buffer.alloc(2048)]), {
          maxBodyLength: 1024,
          headers: {
            'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream',
          },
          env: {
            Request: NoStreamRequest,
            Response: null,
            async fetch() {
              fetchCalled = true;
              return {
                headers: {},
                status: 200,
                statusText: 'OK',
                text: async () => 'ok',
              };
            },
          },
        }),
        (err) => {
          assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_NOT_SUPPORT');
          assert.strictEqual(
            err.message,
            'Stream request bodies are not supported by the current fetch implementation'
          );
          return true;
        }
      );

      assert.strictEqual(fetchCalled, false, 'fetch must not receive a forced ReadableStream body');
    });

    it('should reject a response whose Content-Length exceeds maxContentLength with ERR_BAD_RESPONSE', async () => {
      const payload = 'A'.repeat(8 * 1024);
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          res.setHeader('Content-Length', Buffer.byteLength(payload));
          res.end(payload);
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          fetchAxios.get(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, {
            maxContentLength: 1024,
          }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_RESPONSE');
            assert.match(err.message, /maxContentLength size of 1024 exceeded/);
            return true;
          }
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should handle plain object response headers while enforcing maxContentLength', async () => {
      const { data, headers } = await fetchAxios.get('/', {
        maxContentLength: 10,
        env: {
          async fetch() {
            return {
              status: 200,
              statusText: 'OK',
              headers: {
                'content-length': '4',
                foo: 'bar',
              },
              body: new ReadableStream({
                start(controller) {
                  controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array([116, 101, 115, 116]));
                  controller.close();
                },
              }),
            };
          },
        },
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data, 'test');
      assert.strictEqual(headers.get('foo'), 'bar');
    });

    it('should reject a chunked response that exceeds maxContentLength during streaming', async () => {
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          // Omit content-length so the cheap pre-check cannot fire; force
          // the stream-based enforcement path.
          res.setHeader('Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked');
          const chunk = 'B'.repeat(1024);
          let sent = 0;
          const writeNext = () => {
            if (sent >= 8) {
              return res.end();
            }
            sent++;
            res.write(chunk, writeNext);
          };
          writeNext();
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await assert.rejects(
          fetchAxios.get(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, {
            maxContentLength: 512,
          }),
          (err) => {
            assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_RESPONSE');
            assert.match(err.message, /maxContentLength size of 512 exceeded/);
            return true;
          }
        );
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should reject a data: URL whose decoded size exceeds maxContentLength (base64)', async () => {
      const payload = 'A'.repeat(4096);
      const dataUrl =
        'data:application/octet-stream;base64,' + Buffer.from(payload).toString('base64');

      // Use a dedicated instance without baseURL — combineURLs would otherwise
      // prepend baseURL to a data: URL and neutralise the pre-check.
      const bareAxios = axios.create({ adapter: 'fetch' });

      await assert.rejects(bareAxios.get(dataUrl, { maxContentLength: 16 }), (err) => {
        assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_RESPONSE');
        assert.match(err.message, /maxContentLength size of 16 exceeded/);
        return true;
      });
    });

    it('should reject a data: URL whose body size exceeds maxContentLength (non-base64)', async () => {
      const dataUrl = 'data:text/plain,' + 'X'.repeat(4096);

      const bareAxios = axios.create({ adapter: 'fetch' });

      await assert.rejects(bareAxios.get(dataUrl, { maxContentLength: 16 }), (err) => {
        assert.strictEqual(err.code, 'ERR_BAD_RESPONSE');
        assert.match(err.message, /maxContentLength size of 16 exceeded/);
        return true;
      });
    });

    it('should allow a percent-encoded data: URL within decoded maxContentLength', async () => {
      const bareAxios = axios.create({ adapter: 'fetch' });
      const { data } = await bareAxios.get('data:text/plain,%E2%82%AC', {
        maxContentLength: 4,
      });

      assert.strictEqual(data, '\u20ac');
    });

    it('should allow a response at or below maxContentLength', async () => {
      const payload = 'ok';
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          res.end(payload);
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.get(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, {
          maxContentLength: 1024,
        });
        assert.strictEqual(data, payload);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should allow a streamed outbound body at or below maxBodyLength', async () => {
      const payloadLength = 1024;
      let bytesReceived = 0;
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          req.on('data', (chunk) => {
            bytesReceived += chunk.length;
          });
          req.on('end', () => {
            res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
            res.end(JSON.stringify({ received: bytesReceived }));
          });
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        const { data } = await fetchAxios.post(
          `${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`,
          makeUploadStream(payloadLength),
          {
            maxBodyLength: 1024,
            headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream' },
          }
        );

        assert.strictEqual(data.received, payloadLength);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });

    it('should allow a body at or below maxBodyLength', async () => {
      const payload = 'hello';
      let received;
      const server = await startHTTPServer(
        (req, res) => {
          const chunks = [];
          req.on('data', (c) => chunks.push(c));
          req.on('end', () => {
            received = Buffer.concat(chunks).toString();
            res.end('ok');
          });
        },
        { port: SERVER_PORT }
      );

      try {
        await fetchAxios.post(`${LOCAL_SERVER_URL}/`, payload, {
          maxBodyLength: 1024,
        });
        assert.strictEqual(received, payload);
      } finally {
        await stopHTTPServer(server);
      }
    });
  });

  describe('capability probe cleanup', () => {
    it('should cancel the ReadableStream created during the request stream probe', () => {
      // The fetch adapter factory probes for request-stream support by creating
      // a ReadableStream as a Request body.  Previously the stream was never
      // cancelled, leaving a dangling pull-algorithm promise (async resource leak
      // visible via `--detect-async-leaks` or Node.js async_hooks).
      //
      // Calling getFetch with a unique env triggers a fresh factory() execution
      // (including the probe).  We spy on ReadableStream.prototype.cancel to
      // verify it is invoked during the probe.

      const cancelSpy = vi.spyOn(ReadableStream.prototype, 'cancel');

      try {
        // Unique fetch function ensures cache miss → factory() re-runs the probe.
        const uniqueFetch = async () => new Response('ok');
        getFetch({ env: { fetch: uniqueFetch } });

        assert.ok(
          cancelSpy.mock.calls.length > 0,
          'ReadableStream.prototype.cancel should be called during the capability probe'
        );
      } finally {
        cancelSpy.mockRestore();
      }
    });
  });
});