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Rearrange all the docs to allow for a docs/major.minor/ setup

This commit is contained in:
Mark Otto
2017-05-28 22:50:57 -07:00
committed by Mark Otto
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---
layout: docs
title: Wall of browser bugs
group: browser-bugs
---
Bootstrap currently works around several outstanding browser bugs in major browsers to deliver the best cross-browser experience possible. Some bugs, like those listed below, cannot be solved by us.
We publicly list browser bugs that are impacting us here, in the hopes of expediting the process of fixing them. For information on Bootstrap's browser compatibility, [see our browser compatibility docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/browsers-devices/#supported-browsers).
See also:
* [Chromium issue 536263: [meta] Issues affecting Bootstrap](https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=536263)
* [Mozilla bug 1230801: Fix the issues that affect Bootstrap](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1230801)
* [WebKit bug 159753: [meta] Issues affecting Bootstrap](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=159753)
* [jQuery's browser bug workarounds](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LPaPA30bLUB_publLIMF0RlhdnPx_ePXm7oW02iiT6o)
<table class="bd-browser-bugs table table-bordered table-hover table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Browser(s)</th>
<th>Summary of bug</th>
<th>Upstream bug(s)</th>
<th>Bootstrap issue(s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for bug in site.data.browser-bugs %}
<tr>
<td>{{ bug.browser }}</td>
<td>{{ bug.summary | markdownify | bugify }}</td>
<td>{{ bug.upstream_bug | bugify }}</td>
<td>{{ bug.origin | bugify }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
# Most wanted features
There are several features specified in Web standards which would allow us to make Bootstrap more robust, elegant, or performant, but aren't yet implemented in certain browsers, thus preventing us from taking advantage of them.
We publicly list these "most wanted" feature requests here, in the hopes of expediting the process of getting them implemented.
<table class="bd-browser-bugs table table-bordered table-hover table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Browser(s)</th>
<th>Summary of feature</th>
<th>Upstream issue(s)</th>
<th>Bootstrap issue(s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for feat in site.data.browser-features %}
<tr>
<td>{{ feat.browser }}</td>
<td>{{ feat.summary | markdownify | bugify }}</td>
<td>{{ feat.upstream_bug | bugify }}</td>
<td>{{ feat.origin | bugify }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
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---
layout: docs
title: Alerts
description: Provide contextual feedback messages for typical user actions with the handful of available and flexible alert messages.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Examples
Alerts are available for any length of text, as well as an optional dismiss button. For proper styling, use one of the four **required** contextual classes (e.g., `.alert-success`). For inline dismissal, use the [alerts jQuery plugin](#dismissing).
{% example html %}
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<strong>Well done!</strong> You successfully read this important alert message.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
<strong>Heads up!</strong> This alert needs your attention, but it's not super important.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
<strong>Warning!</strong> Better check yourself, you're not looking too good.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
<strong>Oh snap!</strong> Change a few things up and try submitting again.
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
### Link color
Use the `.alert-link` utility class to quickly provide matching colored links within any alert.
{% example html %}
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<strong>Well done!</strong> You successfully read <a href="#" class="alert-link">this important alert message</a>.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
<strong>Heads up!</strong> This <a href="#" class="alert-link">alert needs your attention</a>, but it's not super important.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
<strong>Warning!</strong> Better check yourself, you're <a href="#" class="alert-link">not looking too good</a>.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
<strong>Oh snap!</strong> <a href="#" class="alert-link">Change a few things up</a> and try submitting again.
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Additional content
Alerts can also contain additional HTML elements like headings, paragraphs and dividers.
{% example html %}
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<h4 class="alert-heading">Well done!</h4>
<p>Aww yeah, you successfully read this important alert message. This example text is going to run a bit longer so that you can see how spacing within an alert works with this kind of content.</p>
<hr>
<p class="mb-0">Whenever you need to, be sure to use margin utilities to keep things nice and tidy.</p>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Dismissing
Using the alert JavaScript plugin, it's possible to dismiss any alert inline. Here's how:
- Be sure you've loaded the alert plugin, or the compiled Bootstrap JavaScript.
- Add a dismiss button and the `.alert-dismissible` class, which adds extra padding to the right of the alert and positions the `.close` button.
- On the dismiss button, add the `data-dismiss="alert"` attribute, which triggers the JavaScript functionality. Be sure to use the `<button>` element with it for proper behavior across all devices.
- To animate alerts when dismissing them, be sure to add the `.fade` and `.show` classes.
You can see this in action with a live demo:
{% example html %}
<div class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade show" role="alert">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
<strong>Holy guacamole!</strong> You should check in on some of those fields below.
</div>
{% endexample %}
## JavaScript behavior
### Triggers
Enable dismissal of an alert via JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$(".alert").alert()
{% endhighlight %}
Or with `data` attributes on a button **within the alert**, as demonstrated above:
{% highlight html %}
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
{% endhighlight %}
Note that closing an alert will remove it from the DOM.
### Methods
| Method | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `$().alert()` | Makes an alert listen for click events on descendant elements which have the `data-dismiss="alert"` attribute. (Not necessary when using the data-api's auto-initialization.) |
| `$().alert('close')` | Closes an alert by removing it from the DOM. If the `.fade` and `.show` classes are present on the element, the alert will fade out before it is removed. |
{% highlight js %}$(".alert").alert('close'){% endhighlight %}
### Events
Bootstrap's alert plugin exposes a few events for hooking into alert functionality.
| Event | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `close.bs.alert` | This event fires immediately when the <code>close</code> instance method is called. |
| `closed.bs.alert` | This event is fired when the alert has been closed (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
{% highlight js %}
$('#myAlert').on('closed.bs.alert', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Badges
description: Documentation and examples for badges, our small count and labeling component.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Example
Badges scale to match the size of the immediate parent element by using relative font sizing and `em` units.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="h1">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
<div class="h2">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
<div class="h3">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
<div class="h4">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
<div class="h5">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
<div class="h6">Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h1>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h1>
<h2>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h2>
<h3>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h3>
<h4>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h4>
<h5>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h5>
<h6>Example heading <span class="badge badge-default">New</span></h6>
{% endhighlight %}
## Contextual variations
Add any of the below mentioned modifier classes to change the appearance of a badge.
{% example html %}
<span class="badge badge-default">Default</span>
<span class="badge badge-primary">Primary</span>
<span class="badge badge-success">Success</span>
<span class="badge badge-info">Info</span>
<span class="badge badge-warning">Warning</span>
<span class="badge badge-danger">Danger</span>
{% endexample %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
## Pill badges
Use the `.badge-pill` modifier class to make badges more rounded (with a larger `border-radius` and additional horizontal `padding`). Useful if you miss the badges from v3.
{% example html %}
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-default">Default</span>
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-primary">Primary</span>
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-success">Success</span>
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-info">Info</span>
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-warning">Warning</span>
<span class="badge badge-pill badge-danger">Danger</span>
{% endexample %}
## Links
Using the `.badge` classes with the `<a>` element quickly provide _actionable_ badges with hover and focus states.
{% example html %}
<a href="#" class="badge badge-default">Default</a>
<a href="#" class="badge badge-primary">Primary</a>
<a href="#" class="badge badge-success">Success</a>
<a href="#" class="badge badge-info">Info</a>
<a href="#" class="badge badge-warning">Warning</a>
<a href="#" class="badge badge-danger">Danger</a>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Breadcrumb
description: Indicate the current page's location within a navigational hierarchy that automatically adds separators via CSS.
group: components
---
Separators are automatically added in CSS through [`::before`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::before) and [`content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content).
{% example html %}
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Home</li>
</ol>
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Library</li>
</ol>
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Library</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Data</li>
</ol>
{% endexample %}
Similar to our navigation components, breadcrumbs work fine with or without the usage of list markup.
{% example html %}
<nav class="breadcrumb">
<a class="breadcrumb-item" href="#">Home</a>
<a class="breadcrumb-item" href="#">Library</a>
<a class="breadcrumb-item" href="#">Data</a>
<span class="breadcrumb-item active">Bootstrap</span>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Button group
description: Group a series of buttons together on a single line with the button group, and super-power them with JavaScript.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Basic example
Wrap a series of buttons with `.btn` in `.btn-group`. Add on optional JavaScript radio and checkbox style behavior with [our buttons plugin]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/buttons/#button-plugin).
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Basic example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% callout warning %}
#### Ensure correct `role` and provide a label
In order for assistive technologies (such as screen readers) to convey that a series of buttons is grouped, an appropriate `role` attribute needs to be provided. For button groups, this would be `role="group"`, while toolbars should have a `role="toolbar"`.
In addition, groups and toolbars should be given an explicit label, as most assistive technologies will otherwise not announce them, despite the presence of the correct role attribute. In the examples provided here, we use `aria-label`, but alternatives such as `aria-labelledby` can also be used.
{% endcallout %}
## Button toolbar
Combine sets of button groups into button toolbars for more complex components. Use utility classes as needed to space out groups, buttons, and more.
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="Second group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">5</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">6</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">7</button>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Third group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">8</button>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
Feel free to mix input groups with button groups in your toolbars. Similar to the example above, you'll likely need some utilities though to space things properly.
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-toolbar mb-3" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="btnGroupAddon">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Input group example" aria-label="Input group example" aria-describedby="btnGroupAddon">
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-toolbar justify-content-between" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="btnGroupAddon2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Input group example" aria-label="Input group example" aria-describedby="btnGroupAddon2">
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Sizing
Instead of applying button sizing classes to every button in a group, just add `.btn-group-*` to each `.btn-group`, including each one when nesting multiple groups.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group btn-group-lg" role="group" aria-label="Large button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
<br>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Default button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
<br>
<div class="btn-group btn-group-sm" role="group" aria-label="Small button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="btn-group btn-group-lg" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
<div class="btn-group btn-group-sm" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Nesting
Place a `.btn-group` within another `.btn-group` when you want dropdown menus mixed with a series of buttons.
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Button group with nested dropdown">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupDrop1" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupDrop1">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Vertical variation
Make a set of buttons appear vertically stacked rather than horizontally. **Split button dropdowns are not supported here.**
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group-vertical" role="group" aria-label="Vertical button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group-vertical" role="group" aria-label="Vertical button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop1" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop1">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
</div>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop2" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop2">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop3" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop3">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop4" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop4">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="btn-group-vertical">
...
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Tooltips and popovers
Due to the specific implementation (and some other components), a bit of special casing is required for tooltips and popovers within button groups. **You'll have to specify the option `container: 'body'`** to avoid unwanted side effects (such as the element growing wider and/or losing its rounded corners when the tooltip or popover is triggered).
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---
layout: docs
title: Buttons
description: Use Bootstrap's custom button styles for actions in forms, dialogs, and more with support for multiple sizes, states, and more.
group: components
redirect_from: "/components/"
toc: true
---
## Examples
Bootstrap includes six predefined button styles, each serving its own semantic purpose.
{% example html %}
<!-- Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<!-- Secondary, outline button -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<!-- Indicates a successful or positive action -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<!-- Contextual button for informational alert messages -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<!-- Indicates caution should be taken with this action -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<!-- Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<!-- Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>
{% endexample %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
## Button tags
The `.btn` classes are designed to be used with the `<button>` element. However, you can also use these classes on `<a>` or `<input>` elements (though some browsers may apply a slightly different rendering).
When using button classes on `<a>` elements that are used to trigger in-page functionality (like collapsing content), rather than linking to new pages or sections within the current page, these links should be given a `role="button"` to appropriately convey their purpose to assistive technologies such as screen readers.
{% example html %}
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Submit">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="reset" value="Reset">
{% endexample %}
## Outline buttons
In need of a button, but not the hefty background colors they bring? Replace the default modifier classes with the `.btn-outline-*` ones to remove all background images and colors on any button.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Danger</button>
{% endexample %}
## Sizes
Fancy larger or smaller buttons? Add `.btn-lg` or `.btn-sm` for additional sizes.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg">Large button</button>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Small button</button>
{% endexample %}
Create block level buttons—those that span the full width of a parent—by adding `.btn-block`.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block">Block level button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg btn-block">Block level button</button>
{% endexample %}
## Active state
Buttons will appear pressed (with a darker background, darker border, and inset shadow) when active. **There's no need to add a class to `<button>`s as they use a pseudo-class**. However, you can still force the same active appearance with `.active` (and include the <code>aria-pressed="true"</code> attribute) should you need to replicate the state programmatically.
{% example html %}
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg active" role="button" aria-pressed="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg active" role="button" aria-pressed="true">Link</a>
{% endexample %}
## Disabled state
Make buttons look inactive by adding the `disabled` boolean attribute to any `<button>` element.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" disabled>Button</button>
{% endexample %}
Disabled buttons using the `<a>` element behave a bit different:
- `<a>`s don't support the `disabled` attribute, so you must add the `.disabled` class to make it visually appear disabled.
- Some future-friendly styles are included to disable all `pointer-events` on anchor buttons. In browsers which support that property, you won't see the disabled cursor at all.
- Disabled buttons should include the `aria-disabled="true"` attribute to indicate the state of the element to assistive technologies.
{% example html %}
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>
{% endexample %}
{% callout warning %}
#### Link functionality caveat
The `.disabled` class uses `pointer-events: none` to try to disable the link functionality of `<a>`s, but that CSS property is not yet standardized. In addition, even in browsers that do support `pointer-events: none`, keyboard navigation remains unaffected, meaning that sighted keyboard users and users of assistive technologies will still be able to activate these links. So to be safe, add a `tabindex="-1"` attribute on these links (to prevent them from receiving keyboard focus) and use custom JavaScript to disable their functionality.
{% endcallout %}
## Button plugin
Do more with buttons. Control button states or create groups of buttons for more components like toolbars.
### Toggle states
Add `data-toggle="button"` to toggle a button's `active` state. If you're pre-toggling a button, you must manually add the `.active` class **and** `aria-pressed="true"` to the `<button>`.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="button" aria-pressed="false" autocomplete="off">
Single toggle
</button>
{% endexample %}
### Checkbox and radio buttons
Bootstrap's `.button` styles can be applied to other elements, such as `<label>`s, to provide checkbox or radio style button toggling. Add `data-toggle="buttons"` to a `.btn-group` containing those modified buttons to enable toggling in their respective styles.
The checked state for these buttons is **only updated via `click` event** on the button. If you use another method to update the input—e.g., with `<input type="reset">` or by manually applying the input's `checked` property—you'll need to toggle `.active` on the `<label>` manually.
Note that pre-checked buttons require you to manually add the `.active` class to the input's `<label>`.
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-group" data-toggle="buttons">
<label class="btn btn-secondary active">
<input type="checkbox" checked autocomplete="off"> Checkbox 1 (pre-checked)
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="checkbox" autocomplete="off"> Checkbox 2
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="checkbox" autocomplete="off"> Checkbox 3
</label>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-group" data-toggle="buttons">
<label class="btn btn-secondary active">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option1" autocomplete="off" checked> Radio 1 (preselected)
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option2" autocomplete="off"> Radio 2
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option3" autocomplete="off"> Radio 3
</label>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Methods
| Method | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `$().button('toggle')` |Toggles push state. Gives the button the appearance that it has been activated. |
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---
layout: docs
title: Cards
description: Bootstrap's cards provide a flexible and extensible content container with multiple variants and options.
group: components
toc: true
---
## About
A **card** is a flexible and extensible content container. It includes options for headers and footers, a wide variety of content, contextual background colors, and powerful display options.
If you're familiar with Bootstrap 3, cards replace our old panels, wells, and thumbnails. Similar functionality to those components is available as modifier classes for cards.
## Example
Cards are built with as little markup and styles as possible, but still manage to deliver a ton of control and customization. Built with flexbox, they offer easy alignment and mix well with other Bootstrap components.
Below is an example of a basic card with mixed content and a fixed width. Cards have no fixed width to start, so they'll naturally fill the full width of its parent element. This is easily customized with our various [sizing options](#sizing).
{% example html %}
<div class="card" style="width: 20rem;">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Content types
Cards support a wide variety of content, including images, text, list groups, links, and more. Below are examples of what's supported.
### Blocks
The building block of a card is the `.card-block`. Use it whenever you need a padded section within a card.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
This is some text within a card block.
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Titles, text, and links
Card titles are used by adding `.card-title` to a `<h*>` tag. In the same way, links are added and placed next to each other by adding `.card-link` to a `<a>` tag.
Subtitles are used by adding a `.card-subtitle` to a `<h*>` tag. If the `.card-title` and the `.card-subtitle` items are placed in a `.card-block` item, the card title and subtitle are aligned nicely.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Images
`.card-img-top` places an image to the top of the card. With `.card-text`, text can be added to the card. Text within `.card-text` can also be styled with the standard HTML tags.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/?text=Image cap" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### List groups
Create lists of content in a card with a flush list group.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Kitchen sink
Mix and match multiple content types to create the card you need, or throw everything in there. Shown below are image styles, blocks, text styles, and a list group—all wrapped in a fixed-width card.
{% example html %}
<div class="card" style="width: 20rem;">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/?text=Image cap" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
<div class="card-block">
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Header and footer
Add an optional header and/or footer within a card.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
Featured
</div>
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
Card headers can be styled by adding `.card-header` to `<h*>` elements.
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<h3 class="card-header">Featured</h3>
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
Quote
</div>
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
Featured
</div>
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-muted">
2 days ago
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Sizing
Cards assume no specific `width` to start, so they'll be 100% wide unless otherwise stated. You can change this as needed with custom CSS, grid classes, grid Sass mixins, or utilities.
### Using grid markup
Using the grid, wrap cards in columns and rows as needed.
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Using utilities
Use our handful of [available sizing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/sizing/) to quickly set a card's width.
{% example html %}
<div class="card w-75">
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Card title</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card w-50">
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Card title</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Using custom CSS
Use custom CSS in your stylesheets or as inline styles to set a width.
{% example html %}
<div class="card" style="width: 20rem;">
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Text alignment
You can quickly change the text alignment of any card—in its entirety or specific parts—with our [text align classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/typography/#text-alignment).
{% example html %}
<div class="card" style="width: 20rem;">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card text-center" style="width: 20rem;">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card text-right" style="width: 20rem;">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Navigation
Add some navigation to a card's header (or block) with Bootstrap's [nav components]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/navs/).
{% example html %}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs card-header-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
<ul class="nav nav-pills card-header-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h4>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Images
Cards include a few options for working with images. Choose from appending "image caps" at either end of a card, overlaying images with card content, or simply embedding the image in a card.
### Image caps
Similar to headers and footers, cards can include top and bottom "image caps"—images at the top or bottom of a card.
{% example html %}
<div class="card mb-3">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
<img class="card-img-bottom" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Image overlays
Turn an image into a card background and overlay your card's text. Depending on the image, you may or may not need `.card-inverse` (see below).
{% example html %}
<div class="card card-inverse">
<img class="card-img" data-src="holder.js/100px270/#55595c:#373a3c/text:Card image" alt="Card image">
<div class="card-img-overlay">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text">Last updated 3 mins ago</p>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Card styles
Cards include various options for customizing their backgrounds, borders, and color.
### Inverted text
By default, cards use dark text and assume a light background. You can reverse that by toggling the `color` of text within, as well as that of the card's subcomponents, with `.card-inverse`. Then, specify a dark `background-color` and `border-color` to go with it.
You can also use `.card-inverse` with the [contextual backgrounds variants](#background-variants).
{% example html %}
<div class="card card-inverse" style="background-color: #333; border-color: #333;">
<div class="card-header">Header</div>
<div class="card-block">
<h3 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h3>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">Footer</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Background variants
Cards include their own variant classes for quickly changing the `background-color` and `border-color` of a card. **Darker colors require the use of `.card-inverse`.**
{% example html %}
<div class="card card-inverse card-primary mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-inverse card-success mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-inverse card-info mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-inverse card-warning mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-inverse card-danger text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
### Outline cards
In need of a colored card, but not the hefty background colors they bring? Replace the default modifier classes with the `.card-outline-*` ones to style just the `border-color` of a card.
{% example html %}
<div class="card card-outline-primary mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-outline-secondary mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-outline-success mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-outline-info mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-outline-warning mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-outline-danger text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Card layout
In addition to styling the content within cards, Bootstrap includes a few options for laying out series of cards. For the time being, **these layout options are not yet responsive**.
### Card groups
Use card groups to render cards as a single, attached element with equal width and height columns. Card groups use `display: flex;` to achieve their uniform sizing.
{% example html %}
<div class="card-group">
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
When using card groups with footers, their content will automatically line up.
{% example html %}
<div class="card-group">
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Card decks
Need a set of equal width and height cards that aren't attached to one another? Use card decks.
{% example html %}
<div class="card-deck">
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px200/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px200/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px200/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
Just like with card groups, card footers in decks will automatically line up.
{% example html %}
<div class="card-deck">
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px180/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### Card columns
Cards can be organized into [Masonry](http://masonry.desandro.com)-like columns with just CSS by wrapping them in `.card-columns`. Cards are built with CSS `column` properties instead of flexbox for easier alignment. Cards are ordered from top to bottom and left to right.
**Heads up!** Your mileage with card columns may vary. To prevent cards breaking across columns, we must set them to `display: inline-block` as `column-break-inside: avoid` isn't a bulletproof solution yet.
{% example html %}
<div class="card-columns">
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px160/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title that wraps to a new line</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card p-3">
<blockquote class="card-block card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>
<small class="text-muted">
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img-top" data-src="holder.js/100px160/" alt="Card image cap">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-inverse card-primary p-3 text-center">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat.</p>
<footer>
<small>
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img class="card-img" data-src="holder.js/100px260/" alt="Card image">
</div>
<div class="card p-3 text-right">
<blockquote class="card-blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>
<small class="text-muted">
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-block">
<h4 class="card-title">Card title</h4>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
Card columns can also be extended and customized with some additional code. Shown below is an extension of the `.card-columns` class using the same CSS we use—CSS columns— to generate a set of responsive tiers for changing the number of columns.
{% highlight scss %}
.card-columns {
@include media-breakpoint-only(lg) {
column-count: 4;
}
@include media-breakpoint-only(xl) {
column-count: 5;
}
}
{% endhighlight %}
+298
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---
layout: docs
title: Carousel
description: A slideshow component for cycling through elements—images or slides of text—like a carousel.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
The carousel is a slideshow for cycling through a series of content, built with CSS 3D transforms and a bit of JavaScript. It works with a series of images, text, or custom markup. It also includes support for previous/next controls and indicators.
In browsers where the [Page Visibility API](https://www.w3.org/TR/page-visibility/) is supported, the carousel will avoid sliding when the webpage is not visible to the user (such as when the browser tab is inactive, the browser window is minimized, etc.).
Please be aware that nested carousels are not supported, and carousels are generally not compliant with accessibility standards.
## Example
Carousels don't automatically normalize slide dimensions. As such, you may need to use additional utilities or custom styles to appropriately size content. While carousels support previous/next controls and indicators, they're not explicitly required. Add and customize as you see fit.
Be sure to set a unique id on the `.carousel` for optional controls, especially if you're using multiple carousels on a single page.
### Slides only
Here's a carousel with slides only. Note the presence of the `.d-block` and `.img-fluid` on carousel images to prevent browser default image alignment.
{% example html %}
<div id="carouselExampleSlidesOnly" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=777&fg=555&text=First slide" alt="First slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=666&fg=444&text=Second slide" alt="Second slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=555&fg=333&text=Third slide" alt="Third slide">
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### With controls
Adding in the previous and next controls:
{% example html %}
<div id="carouselExampleControls" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=777&fg=555&text=First slide" alt="First slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=666&fg=444&text=Second slide" alt="Second slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=555&fg=333&text=Third slide" alt="Third slide">
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleControls" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleControls" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
### With indicators
You can also add the indicators to the carousel, alongside the controls, too.
{% example html %}
<div id="carouselExampleIndicators" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=777&fg=555&text=First slide" alt="First slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=666&fg=444&text=Second slide" alt="Second slide">
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=555&fg=333&text=Third slide" alt="Third slide">
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% callout warning %}
#### Initial active element required
The `.active` class needs to be added to one of the slides. Otherwise, the carousel will not be visible.
{% endcallout %}
### With captions
Add captions to your slides easily with the `.carousel-caption` element within any `.carousel-item`. They can be easily hidden on smaller viewports, as shown below, with optional [display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display-property/). We hide them initially with `.d-none` and bring them back on medium-sized devices with `.d-md-block`.
<div class="bd-example">
<div id="carouselExampleCaptions" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=777&fg=555&text=First slide" alt="First slide">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h3>First slide label</h3>
<p>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue mollis interdum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=666&fg=444&text=Second slide" alt="Second slide">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h3>Second slide label</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="d-block w-100" data-src="holder.js/800x400?auto=yes&bg=555&fg=333&text=Third slide" alt="Third slide">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h3>Third slide label</h3>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleCaptions" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleCaptions" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="carousel-item">
<img src="..." alt="...">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h3>...</h3>
<p>...</p>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Usage
### Via data attributes
Use data attributes to easily control the position of the carousel. `data-slide` accepts the keywords `prev` or `next`, which alters the slide position relative to its current position. Alternatively, use `data-slide-to` to pass a raw slide index to the carousel `data-slide-to="2"`, which shifts the slide position to a particular index beginning with `0`.
The `data-ride="carousel"` attribute is used to mark a carousel as animating starting at page load. **It cannot be used in combination with (redundant and unnecessary) explicit JavaScript initialization of the same carousel.**
### Via JavaScript
Call carousel manually with:
{% highlight js %}
$('.carousel').carousel()
{% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-interval=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>interval</td>
<td>number</td>
<td>5000</td>
<td>The amount of time to delay between automatically cycling an item. If false, carousel will not automatically cycle.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keyboard</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Whether the carousel should react to keyboard events.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pause</td>
<td>string | boolean</td>
<td>"hover"</td>
<td><p>If set to <code>"hover"</code>, pauses the cycling of the carousel on <code>mouseenter</code> and resumes the cycling of the carousel on <code>mouseleave</code>. If set to <code>false</code>, hovering over the carousel won't pause it.</p>
<p>On touch-enabled devices, when set to <code>"hover"</code>, cycling will pause on <code>touchend</code> (once the user finished interacting with the carousel) for two intervals, before automatically resuming. Note that this is in addition to the above mouse behavior.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ride</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>Autoplays the carousel after the user manually cycles the first item. If "carousel", autoplays the carousel on load.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>wrap</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Whether the carousel should cycle continuously or have hard stops.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `.carousel(options)`
Initializes the carousel with an optional options `object` and starts cycling through items.
{% highlight js %}
$('.carousel').carousel({
interval: 2000
})
{% endhighlight %}
#### `.carousel('cycle')`
Cycles through the carousel items from left to right.
#### `.carousel('pause')`
Stops the carousel from cycling through items.
#### `.carousel(number)`
Cycles the carousel to a particular frame (0 based, similar to an array). **Returns to the caller before the target item has been shown** (i.e. before the `slid.bs.carousel` event occurs).
#### `.carousel('prev')`
Cycles to the previous item. **Returns to the caller before the previous item has been shown** (i.e. before the `slid.bs.carousel` event occurs).
#### `.carousel('next')`
Cycles to the next item. **Returns to the caller before the next item has been shown** (i.e. before the `slid.bs.carousel` event occurs).
### Events
Bootstrap's carousel class exposes two events for hooking into carousel functionality. Both events have the following additional properties:
- `direction`: The direction in which the carousel is sliding (either `"left"` or `"right"`).
- `relatedTarget`: The DOM element that is being slid into place as the active item.
- `from`: The index of the current item
- `to`: The index of the next item
All carousel events are fired at the carousel itself (i.e. at the `<div class="carousel">`).
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>slide.bs.carousel</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>slide</code> instance method is invoked.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>slid.bs.carousel</td>
<td>This event is fired when the carousel has completed its slide transition.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myCarousel').on('slide.bs.carousel', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Collapse
description: Toggle the visibility of content across your project with a few classes and our JavaScript plugins.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Example
Click the buttons below to show and hide another element via class changes:
- `.collapse` hides content
- `.collapsing` is applied during transitions
- `.collapse.show` shows content
You can use a link with the `href` attribute, or a button with the `data-target` attribute. In both cases, the `data-toggle="collapse"` is required.
{% example html %}
<p>
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseExample" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Link with href
</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseExample" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Button with data-target
</button>
</p>
<div class="collapse" id="collapseExample">
<div class="card card-block">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident.
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Accordion example
Using the [card]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/card/) component, you can extend the default collapse behavior to create an accordion.
{% example html %}
<div id="accordion" role="tablist">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" role="tab" id="headingOne">
<h5 class="mb-0">
<a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseOne" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseOne">
Collapsible Group Item #1
</a>
</h5>
</div>
<div id="collapseOne" class="collapse show" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="headingOne" data-parent="#accordion">
<div class="card-block">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" role="tab" id="headingTwo">
<h5 class="mb-0">
<a class="collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseTwo" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseTwo">
Collapsible Group Item #2
</a>
</h5>
</div>
<div id="collapseTwo" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="headingTwo" data-parent="#accordion">
<div class="card-block">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" role="tab" id="headingThree">
<h5 class="mb-0">
<a class="collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseThree" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseThree">
Collapsible Group Item #3
</a>
</h5>
</div>
<div id="collapseThree" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="headingThree" data-parent="#accordion">
<div class="card-block">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
You can also create accordions with custom markup. Add the `data-children` attribute and specify a set of sibling elements to toggle (e.g., `.item`). Then, use the same attributes and classes as shown above for connectinh toggles to their associated content.
{% example html %}
<div id="exampleAccordion" data-children=".item">
<div class="item">
<a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#exampleAccordion" href="#exampleAccordion1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="exampleAccordion1">
Toggle item
</a>
<div id="exampleAccordion1" class="collapse show" role="tabpanel">
<p class="mb-3">
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed pretium lorem non vestibulum scelerisque. Proin a vestibulum sem, eget tristique massa. Aliquam lacinia rhoncus nibh quis ornare.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#exampleAccordion" href="#exampleAccordion2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="exampleAccordion2">
Toggle item 2
</a>
<div id="exampleAccordion2" class="collapse" role="tabpanel">
<p class="mb-3">
Donec at ipsum dignissim, rutrum turpis scelerisque, tristique lectus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vivamus nec dui turpis. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Accessibility
Be sure to add `aria-expanded` to the control element. This attribute explicitly conveys the current state of the collapsible element tied to the control to screen readers and similar assistive technologies. If the collapsible element is closed by default, the attribute on the control element should have a value of `aria-expanded="false"`. If you've set the collapsible element to be open by default using the `show` class, set `aria-expanded="true"` on the control instead. The plugin will automatically toggle this attribute on the control based on whether or not the collapsible element has been opened or closed (via JavaScript, or because the user triggered another control element also tied to the same collapsbile element).
Additionally, if your control element is targeting a single collapsible element i.e. the `data-target` attribute is pointing to an `id` selector you may add an additional `aria-controls` attribute to the control element, containing the `id` of the collapsible element. Modern screen readers and similar assistive technologies make use of this attribute to provide users with additional shortcuts to navigate directly to the collapsible element itself.
## Usage
The collapse plugin utilizes a few classes to handle the heavy lifting:
- `.collapse` hides the content
- `.collapse.show` shows the content
- `.collapsing` is added when the transition starts, and removed when it finishes
These classes can be found in `_transitions.scss`.
### Via data attributes
Just add `data-toggle="collapse"` and a `data-target` to the element to automatically assign control of a collapsible element. The `data-target` attribute accepts a CSS selector to apply the collapse to. Be sure to add the class `collapse` to the collapsible element. If you'd like it to default open, add the additional class `show`.
To add accordion-like group management to a collapsible area, add the data attribute `data-parent="#selector"`. Refer to the demo to see this in action.
### Via JavaScript
Enable manually with:
{% highlight js %}
$('.collapse').collapse()
{% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-parent=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>parent</td>
<td>selector</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If a selector is provided, then all collapsible elements under the specified parent will be closed when this collapsible item is shown. (similar to traditional accordion behavior - this is dependent on the <code>card</code> class). The attribute has to be set on the target collapsible area.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>toggle</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Toggles the collapsible element on invocation</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `.collapse(options)`
Activates your content as a collapsible element. Accepts an optional options `object`.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myCollapsible').collapse({
toggle: false
})
{% endhighlight %}
#### `.collapse('toggle')`
Toggles a collapsible element to shown or hidden. **Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been shown or hidden (i.e. before the `shown.bs.collapse` or `hidden.bs.collapse` event occurs).
#### `.collapse('show')`
Shows a collapsible element. **Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.collapse` event occurs).
#### `.collapse('hide')`
Hides a collapsible element. **Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.collapse` event occurs).
### Events
Bootstrap's collapse class exposes a few events for hooking into collapse functionality.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired when a collapse element has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired when a collapse element has been hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myCollapsible').on('hidden.bs.collapse', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
+590
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Dropdowns
description: Toggle contextual overlays for displaying lists of links and more with the Bootstrap dropdown plugin.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Dropdowns are toggleable, contextual overlays for displaying lists of links and more. They're made interactive with the included Bootstrap dropdown JavaScript plugin. They're toggled by clicking, not by hovering; this is [an intentional design decision.](http://markdotto.com/2012/02/27/bootstrap-explained-dropdowns/)
Things to know when using the dropdown plugin:
- Dropdown rely on the 3rd party library [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org) for positioning. You must include [popper.min.js](https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js) before bootstrap.js in order for dropdowns to work!
- Popper.js handle natively the flip of Dropdown when it's outside the viewport, if you want to disable that's behavior use `flip` attribute
## Examples
Wrap the dropdown's toggle (your button or link) and the dropdown menu within `.dropdown`, or another element that declares `position: relative;`. Dropdowns can be triggered from `<a>` or `<button>` elements to better fit your potential needs.
{% callout info %}
### Dropdown menu accessibility
The [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr>](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/) standard defines an actual [`role="menu"` widget](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/roles#menu), but this is specific to application-like menus which trigger actions or functions. <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> menus can only contain menu items, checkbox menu items, radio button menu items, radio button groups, and sub-menus.
Bootstrap's dropdowns, on the other hand, are designed to be generic and applicable to a variety of situations and markup structures. For instance, it is possible to create dropdowns that contain additional inputs and form controls, such as search fields or login forms. For this reason, Bootstrap does not expect (nor automatically add) any of the `role` and `aria-` attributes required for true <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> menus. Authors will have to include these more specific attributes themselves.
However, Bootstrap does add built-in support for most standard keyboard menu interactions, such as the ability to move through individual `.dropdown-item` elements using the cursor keys and close the menu with the <kbd>ESC</kbd> key.
{% endcallout %}
### Single button dropdowns
Any single `.btn` can be turned into a dropdown toggle with some markup changes. Here's how you can put them to work with either `<button>` elements:
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown button
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
And with `<a>` elements:
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown show">
<a class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" id="dropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuLink">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
The best part is you can do this with any button variant, too:
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Primary</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Secondary</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Success</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Info</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Warning</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Danger</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Example single danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Action
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Split button dropdowns
Similarly, create split button dropdowns with virtually the same markup as single button dropdowns, but with the addition of `.dropdown-toggle-split` for proper spacing around the dropdown caret.
We use this extra class to reduce the horizontal `padding` on either side of the caret by 25% and remove the `margin-left` that's added for regular button dropdowns. Those extra changes keep the caret centered in the split button and provide a more appropriately sized hit area next to the main button.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Example split danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Sizing
Button dropdowns work with buttons of all sizes, including default and split dropdown buttons.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar">
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group ml-2">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary">Large split button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /btn-toolbar -->
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar">
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group ml-2">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary">Small split button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /btn-toolbar -->
</div><!-- /example -->
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Large button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
...
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
...
</div>
</div>
<!-- Small button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
...
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
...
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Dropup variation
Trigger dropdown menus above elements by adding `.dropup` to the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropup
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropup
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Default dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Dropup</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</div>
</div>
<!-- Split dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropup
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Menu items
Historically dropdown menu contents *had* to be links, but that's no longer the case with v4. Now you can optionally use `<button>` elements in your dropdowns instead of just `<a>`s.
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Menu alignment
By default, a dropdown menu is automatically positioned 100% from the top and along the left side of its parent. Add `.dropdown-menu-right` to a `.dropdown-menu` to right align the dropdown menu.
{% callout info %}
**Heads up!** Dropdowns are positioned only with CSS and may need some additional styles for exact alignment.
{% endcallout %}
{% example html %}
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
This dropdown's menu is right-aligned
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
<button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Menu headers
Add a header to label sections of actions in any dropdown menu.
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<h6 class="dropdown-header">Dropdown header</h6>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Menu dividers
Separate groups of related menu items with a divider.
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Disabled menu items
Add `.disabled` to items in the dropdown to **style them as disabled**.
{% example html %}
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#">Disabled link</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Usage
Via data attributes or JavaScript, the dropdown plugin toggles hidden content (dropdown menus) by toggling the `.show` class on the parent list item.
{% callout info %}
On touch-enabled devices, opening a dropdown adds empty (`$.noop`) `mouseover` handlers to the immediate children of the `<body>` element. This admittedly ugly hack is necessary to work around a [quirk in iOS' event delegation](https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html), which would otherwise prevent a tap anywhere outside of the dropdown from triggering the code that closes the dropdown. Once the dropdown is closed, these additional empty `mouseover` handlers are removed.
{% endcallout %}
Note: The `data-toggle="dropdown"` attribute is relied on for closing dropdown menus at an application level, so it's a good idea to always use it.
### Via data attributes
Add `data-toggle="dropdown"` to a link or button to toggle a dropdown.
{% highlight html %}
<div class="dropdown">
<button id="dLabel" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown trigger
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel">
...
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Via JavaScript
Call the dropdowns via JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$('.dropdown-toggle').dropdown()
{% endhighlight %}
{% callout info %}
##### `data-toggle="dropdown"` still required
Regardless of whether you call your dropdown via JavaScript or instead use the data-api, `data-toggle="dropdown"` is always required to be present on the dropdown's trigger element.
{% endcallout %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-placement=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>placement</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'bottom'</td>
<td>
<p>How to position the popover - top | bottom.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Offset of the dropdown relative to its target. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>flip</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Allow Dropdown to flip in case of an overlapping on the reference element. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..flip.enabled">flip docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
| Method | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `$().dropdown('toggle')` | Toggles the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation. |
| `$().dropdown('update')` | Updates the position of an element's dropdown. |
### Events
All dropdown events are fired at the `.dropdown-menu`'s parent element and have a `relatedTarget` property, whose value is the toggling anchor element.
| Event | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `show.bs.dropdown` | This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called. |
| `shown.bs.dropdown` | This event is fired when the dropdown has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions, to complete). |
| `hide.bs.dropdown` | This event is fired immediately when the hide instance method has been called. |
| `hidden.bs.dropdown`| This event is fired when the dropdown has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions, to complete). |
{% highlight js %}
$('#myDropdown').on('show.bs.dropdown', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Input group
description: Easily extend form controls by adding text, buttons, or button groups on either side of textual inputs.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Basic example
Place one add-on or button on either side of an input. You may also place one on both sides of an input. **We do not support multiple form-controls in a single input group.**
{% example html %}
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
<br>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Recipient's username" aria-label="Recipient's username" aria-describedby="basic-addon2">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon2">@example.com</span>
</div>
<br>
<label for="basic-url">Your vanity URL</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon3">https://example.com/users/</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="basic-url" aria-describedby="basic-addon3">
</div>
<br>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">$</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Amount (to the nearest dollar)">
<span class="input-group-addon">.00</span>
</div>
<br>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">$</span>
<span class="input-group-addon">0.00</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Amount (to the nearest dollar)">
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Sizing
Add the relative form sizing classes to the `.input-group` itself and contents within will automatically resize—no need for repeating the form control size classes on each element.
{% example html %}
<div class="input-group input-group-lg">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="sizing-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="sizing-addon1">
</div>
<br>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="sizing-addon2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="sizing-addon2">
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Checkboxes and radio addons
Place any checkbox or radio option within an input group's addon instead of text.
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input">
</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with checkbox">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">
<input type="radio" aria-label="Radio button for following text input">
</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with radio button">
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Multiple addons
Multiple add-ons are supported and can be mixed with checkbox and radio input versions.
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input">
</span>
<span class="input-group-addon">$</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with checkbox">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon">$</span>
<span class="input-group-addon">0.00</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with radio button">
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Button addons
Buttons in input groups must wrapped in a `.input-group-btn` for proper alignment and sizing. This is required due to default browser styles that cannot be overridden.
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button">Go!</button>
</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for..." aria-label="Search for...">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for..." aria-label="Search for...>
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button">Go!</button>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-offset-3 col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button">Hate it</button>
</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Product name" aria-label="Product name">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button">Love it</button>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Buttons with dropdowns
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-btn">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Action
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with dropdown button">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with dropdown button">
<div class="input-group-btn">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Action
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Segmented buttons
{% example html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-btn">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with segmented button dropdown">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with segmented button dropdown">
<div class="input-group-btn">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Accessibility
Screen readers will have trouble with your forms if you don't include a label for every input. For these input groups, ensure that any additional label or functionality is conveyed to assistive technologies.
The exact technique to be used (`<label>` elements hidden using the `.sr-only` class, or use of the `aria-label` and `aria-labelledby` attributes, possibly in combination with `aria-describedby`) and what additional information will need to be conveyed will vary depending on the exact type of interface widget you're implementing. The examples in this section provide a few suggested, case-specific approaches.
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---
layout: docs
title: Jumbotron
description: Lightweight, flexible component for showcasing hero unit style content.
group: components
---
A lightweight, flexible component that can optionally extend the entire viewport to showcase key marketing messages on your site.
{% example html %}
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1 class="display-3">Hello, world!</h1>
<p class="lead">This is a simple hero unit, a simple jumbotron-style component for calling extra attention to featured content or information.</p>
<hr class="my-4">
<p>It uses utility classes for typography and spacing to space content out within the larger container.</p>
<p class="lead">
<a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" href="#" role="button">Learn more</a>
</p>
</div>
{% endexample %}
To make the jumbotron full width, and without rounded corners, add the `.jumbotron-fluid` modifier class and add a `.container` or `.container-fluid` within.
{% example html %}
<div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="display-3">Fluid jumbotron</h1>
<p class="lead">This is a modified jumbotron that occupies the entire horizontal space of its parent.</p>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: List group
description: List groups are a flexible and powerful component for displaying a series of content. Modify and extend them to support just about any content within.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Basic example
The most basic list group is an unordered list with list items and the proper classes. Build upon it with the options that follow, or with your own CSS as needed.
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
## Active items
Add `.active` to a `.list-group-item` to indicate the current active selection.
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item active">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
## Disabled items
Add `.disabled` to a `.list-group-item` to make it _appear_ disabled. Note that some elements with `.disabled` will also require custom JavaScript to fully disable their click events (e.g., links).
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item disabled">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
## Links and buttons
Use `<a>`s or `<button>`s to create _actionable_ list group items with hover, disabled, and active states by adding `.list-group-item-action`. We separate these pseudo-classes to ensure list groups made of non-interactive elements (like `<li>`s or `<div>`s) don't provide a click or tap affordance.
Be sure to **not use the standard `.btn` classes here**.
{% example html %}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item active">
Cras justo odio
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Morbi leo risus</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Porta ac consectetur ac</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action disabled">Vestibulum at eros</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
With `<button>`s, you can also make use of the `disabled` attribute instead of the `.disabled` class. Sadly, `<a>`s don't support the disabled attribute.
{% example html %}
<div class="list-group">
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active">
Cras justo odio
</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Morbi leo risus</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Porta ac consectetur ac</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" disabled>Vestibulum at eros</button>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Contextual classes
Use contextual classes to style list items with a stateful background and color.
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-success">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-info">Cras sit amet nibh libero</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-warning">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-danger">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
Contextual classes also work with `.list-group-item-action`. Note the addition of the hover styles here not present in the previous example. Also supported is the `.active` state; apply it to indicate an active selection on a contextual list group item.
{% example html %}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action list-group-item-success">Dapibus ac facilisis in</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action list-group-item-info">Cras sit amet nibh libero</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action list-group-item-warning">Porta ac consectetur ac</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action list-group-item-danger">Vestibulum at eros</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
## With badges
Add badges to any list group item to show unread counts, activity, and more with the help of some [utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/flexbox/).
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Cras justo odio
<span class="badge badge-default badge-pill">14</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Dapibus ac facilisis in
<span class="badge badge-default badge-pill">2</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Morbi leo risus
<span class="badge badge-default badge-pill">1</span>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
## Custom content
Add nearly any HTML within, even for linked list groups like the one below, with the help of [flexbox utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/flexbox/).
{% example html %}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action flex-column align-items-start active">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small>3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small>Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action flex-column align-items-start">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small class="text-muted">3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small class="text-muted">Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action flex-column align-items-start">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small class="text-muted">3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small class="text-muted">Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## JavaScript behavior
Use the tab JavaScript plugin—include it individually or through the compiled `bootstrap.js` file—to extend our list group to create tabbable panes of local content.
<div class="bd-example" role="tabpanel">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div class="list-group" id="list-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" id="list-home-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-home" role="tab" aria-controls="home">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-profile-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-messages-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-settings-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="list-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-home-list">
<p>Velit aute mollit ipsum ad dolor consectetur nulla officia culpa adipisicing exercitation fugiat tempor. Voluptate deserunt sit sunt nisi aliqua fugiat proident ea ut. Mollit voluptate reprehenderit occaecat nisi ad non minim tempor sunt voluptate consectetur exercitation id ut nulla. Ea et fugiat aliquip nostrud sunt incididunt consectetur culpa aliquip eiusmod dolor. Anim ad Lorem aliqua in cupidatat nisi enim eu nostrud do aliquip veniam minim.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-profile-list">
<p>Cupidatat quis ad sint excepteur laborum in esse qui. Et excepteur consectetur ex nisi eu do cillum ad laborum. Mollit et eu officia dolore sunt Lorem culpa qui commodo velit ex amet id ex. Officia anim incididunt laboris deserunt anim aute dolor incididunt veniam aute dolore do exercitation. Dolor nisi culpa ex ad irure in elit eu dolore. Ad laboris ipsum reprehenderit irure non commodo enim culpa commodo veniam incididunt veniam ad.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-messages-list">
<p>Ut ut do pariatur aliquip aliqua aliquip exercitation do nostrud commodo reprehenderit aute ipsum voluptate. Irure Lorem et laboris nostrud amet cupidatat cupidatat anim do ut velit mollit consequat enim tempor. Consectetur est minim nostrud nostrud consectetur irure labore voluptate irure. Ipsum id Lorem sit sint voluptate est pariatur eu ad cupidatat et deserunt culpa sit eiusmod deserunt. Consectetur et fugiat anim do eiusmod aliquip nulla laborum elit adipisicing pariatur cillum.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-settings-list">
<p>Irure enim occaecat labore sit qui aliquip reprehenderit amet velit. Deserunt ullamco ex elit nostrud ut dolore nisi officia magna sit occaecat laboris sunt dolor. Nisi eu minim cillum occaecat aute est cupidatat aliqua labore aute occaecat ea aliquip sunt amet. Aute mollit dolor ut exercitation irure commodo non amet consectetur quis amet culpa. Quis ullamco nisi amet qui aute irure eu. Magna labore dolor quis ex labore id nostrud deserunt dolor eiusmod eu pariatur culpa mollit in irure.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div class="list-group" id="list-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" id="list-home-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-home" role="tab" aria-controls="home">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-profile-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-messages-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-settings-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="list-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-home-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-profile-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-messages-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-settings-list">...</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Using data attributes
You can activate a list group navigation without writing any JavaScript by simply specifying `data-toggle="list"` or on an element. Use these data attributes on `.list-group-item`.
<div role="tabpanel">
{% highlight html %}
<!-- List group -->
<div class="list-group" id="myList" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" data-toggle="list" href="#home" role="tab">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#profile" role="tab">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#messages" role="tab">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#settings" role="tab">Settings</a>
</div>
<!-- Tab panes -->
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
</div>
### Via JavaScript
Enable tabbable list item via JavaScript (each list item needs to be activated individually):
{% highlight js %}
$('#myList a').click(function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
$(this).tab('show')
})
{% endhighlight %}
You can activate individual list item in several ways:
{% highlight js %}
$('#myList a[href="#profile"]').tab('show') // Select tab by name
$('#myList a:first').tab('show') // Select first tab
$('#myList a:last').tab('show') // Select last tab
$('#myList li:eq(2) a').tab('show') // Select third tab (0-indexed)
{% endhighlight %}
### Fade effect
To make tabs panel fade in, add `.fade` to each `.tab-pane`. The first tab pane must also have `.show` to make the initial content visible.
{% highlight html %}
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Methods
#### $().tab
Activates a list item element and content container. Tab should have either a `data-target` or an `href` targeting a container node in the DOM.
{% highlight html %}
<div class="list-group" id="myList" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" data-toggle="list" href="#home" role="tab">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#profile" role="tab">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#messages" role="tab">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#settings" role="tab">Settings</a>
</div>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#myList a:last').tab('show')
})
</script>
{% endhighlight %}
#### .tab('show')
Selects the given list item and shows its associated pane. Any other list item that was previously selected becomes unselected and its associated pane is hidden. **Returns to the caller before the tab pane has actually been shown** (for example, before the `shown.bs.tab` event occurs).
{% highlight js %}
$('#someListItem').tab('show')
{% endhighlight %}
### Events
When showing a new tab, the events fire in the following order:
1. `hide.bs.tab` (on the current active tab)
2. `show.bs.tab` (on the to-be-shown tab)
3. `hidden.bs.tab` (on the previous active tab, the same one as for the `hide.bs.tab` event)
4. `shown.bs.tab` (on the newly-active just-shown tab, the same one as for the `show.bs.tab` event)
If no tab was already active, the `hide.bs.tab` and `hidden.bs.tab` events will not be fired.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show, but before the new tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show after a tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires when a new tab is to be shown (and thus the previous active tab is to be hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the current active tab and the new soon-to-be-active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires after a new tab is shown (and thus the previous active tab is hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the previous active tab and the new active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('a[data-toggle="list"]').on('shown.bs.tab', function (e) {
e.target // newly activated tab
e.relatedTarget // previous active tab
})
{% endhighlight %}
+616
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Modal
description: Use Bootstrap's JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.
- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `<body>` so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/browsers-devices/#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile) for details.
- Lastly, the `autofocus` HTML attribute has no effect in modals. Here's how you can achieve the same effect with custom JavaScript.
Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function () {
$('#myInput').focus()
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Examples
### Modal components
Below is a _static_ modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-modal">
<div class="modal">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="modal">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Live demo
Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.
<div id="exampleModalLive" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLiveLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLiveLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Woohoo, you're reading this text in a modal!</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLive">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Scrolling long content
When modals become too long for the user's viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.
<div id="exampleModalLong" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLongTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLong">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLong">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLong" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLongTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Tooltips and popovers
[Tooltips]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/tooltips/) and [popovers]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/popovers/) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.
<div id="exampleModalPopovers" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalPopoversLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalPopoversLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
<p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalPopovers">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="modal-body">
<h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
<p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Using the grid
Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.
<div id="gridSystemModal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="gridModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="gridModalLabel">Grids in modals</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="container-fluid bd-example-row">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
<div class="col-md-2 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-2 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-9">
Level 1: .col-sm-9
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
</div>
<div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#gridSystemModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
<div class="col-md-2 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-2 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-9">
Level 1: .col-sm-9
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
</div>
<div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Varying modal content
Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto/Use_data_attributes) (possibly [via jQuery](https://api.jquery.com/data/)) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.
Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, [read the modal events docs](#events) for details on `relatedTarget`.
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@mdo">Open modal for @mdo</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@fat">Open modal for @fat</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@getbootstrap">Open modal for @getbootstrap</button>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">New message</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<form>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="recipient-name" class="form-control-label">Recipient:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="recipient-name">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="message-text" class="form-control-label">Message:</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="message-text"></textarea>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Send message</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
{% highlight js %}
$('#exampleModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
var button = $(event.relatedTarget) // Button that triggered the modal
var recipient = button.data('whatever') // Extract info from data-* attributes
// If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here (and then do the updating in a callback).
// Update the modal's content. We'll use jQuery here, but you could use a data binding library or other methods instead.
var modal = $(this)
modal.find('.modal-title').text('New message to ' + recipient)
modal.find('.modal-body input').val(recipient)
})
{% endhighlight %}
### Remove animation
For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup.
{% highlight html %}
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="..." aria-hidden="true">
...
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Dynamic heights
If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `$('#myModal').data('bs.modal').handleUpdate()` or `$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.
### Accessibility
Be sure to add `role="dialog"` and `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`, and `role="document"` to the `.modal-dialog` itself. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`.
### Embedding YouTube videos
Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information.
## Optional sizes
Modals have two optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-lg">Large modal</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-sm">Small modal</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Large modal -->
<button class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-lg">Large modal</button>
<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myLargeModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
<div class="modal-content">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Small modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-sm">Small modal</button>
<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
<div class="modal-content">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myLargeModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h4 class="modal-title" id="myLargeModalLabel">Large modal</h4>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h4 class="modal-title" id="mySmallModalLabel">Small modal</h4>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
## Usage
The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.
### Via data attributes
Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.
{% highlight html %}
<button type="button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Launch modal</button>
{% endhighlight %}
### Via JavaScript
Call a modal with id `myModal` with a single line of JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal(options){% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-backdrop=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>backdrop</td>
<td>boolean or the string <code>'static'</code></td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify <code>static</code> for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keyboard</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Closes the modal when escape key is pressed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>focus</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Puts the focus on the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>show</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Shows the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `.modal(options)`
Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').modal({
keyboard: false
})
{% endhighlight %}
#### `.modal('toggle')`
Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('toggle'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.modal('show')`
Manually opens a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('show'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.modal('hide')`
Manually hides a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('hide'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.modal('handleUpdate')`
Manually readjust the modal's position if the height of a modal changes while it is open (i.e. in case a scrollbar appears).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate'){% endhighlight %}
### Events
Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
// do something...
})
{% endhighlight %}
+538
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Navbar
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's powerful, responsive navigation header, the navbar. Includes support for branding, navigation, and more, including support for our collapse plugin.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Here's what you need to know before getting started with the navbar:
- Navbars require a wrapping `.navbar` with `.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}` for responsive collapsing and [color scheme](#color-schemes) classes.
- Navbars and their contents are fluid by default. Use [optional containers](#containers) to limit their horizontal width.
- Navbars and their contents are built with flexbox, providing easy alignment options via utility classes.
- Navbars are responsive by default, but you can easily modify them to change that. Responsive behavior depends on our Collapse JavaScript plugin.
- Ensure accessibility by using a `<nav>` element or, if using a more generic element such as a `<div>`, add a `role="navigation"` to every navbar to explicitly identify it as a landmark region for users of assistive technologies.
Read on for an example and list of supported sub-components.
## Supported content
Navbars come with built-in support for a handful of sub-components. Choose from the following as needed:
- `.navbar-brand` for your company, product, or project name.
- `.navbar-nav` for a full-height and lightweight navigation (including support for dropdowns).
- `.navbar-toggler` for use with our collapse plugin and other [navigation toggling](#responsive-behaviors) behaviors.
- `.form-inline` for any form controls and actions.
- `.navbar-text` for adding vertically centered strings of text.
- `.collapse.navbar-collapse` for grouping and hiding navbar contents by a parent breakpoint.
Here's an example of all the sub-components included in a responsive light-themed navbar that automatically collapses at the `lg` (large) breakpoint.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### Brand
The `.navbar-brand` can be applied to most elements, but an anchor works best as some elements might require utility classes or custom styles.
{% example html %}
<!-- As a link -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</nav>
<!-- As a heading -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<span class="h1" class="navbar-brand mb-0">Navbar</span>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Adding images to the `.navbar-brand` will likely always require custom styles or utilities to properly size. Here are some examples to demonstrate.
{% example html %}
<!-- Just an image -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="{{ site.baseurl }}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" alt="">
</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<!-- Image and text -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="{{ site.baseurl }}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" class="d-inline-block align-top" alt="">
Bootstrap
</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### Nav
Navbar navigation links build on our `.nav` options with their own modifier class and require the use of [toggler classes](#toggler) for proper responsive styling. **Navigation in navbars will also grow to occupy as much horizontal space as possible** to keep your navbar contents securely aligned.
Active states—with `.active`—to indicate the current page can be applied directly to `.nav-link`s or their immediate parent `.nav-item`s.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
And because we use classes for our navs, you can avoid the list-based approach entirely if you like.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavAltMarkup">
<div class="navbar-nav">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
You may also utilize dropdowns in your navbar nav. Dropdown menus require a wrapping element for positioning, so be sure to use separate and nested elements for `.nav-item` and `.nav-link` as shown below.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavDropdown">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### Forms
Place various form controls and components within a navbar with `.form-inline`.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Align the contents of your inline forms with utilities as needed.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded justify-content-between">
<a class="navbar-brand">Navbar</a>
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Input groups work, too:
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<form class="form-inline">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Various buttons are supported as part of these navbar forms, too. This is also a great reminder that vertical alignment utilities can be used to align different sized elements.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<form class="form-inline">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="button">Main button</button>
<button class="btn btn-sm align-middle btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Smaller button</button>
</form>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### Text
Navbars may contain bits of text with the help of `.navbar-text`. This class adjusts vertical alignment and horizontal spacing for strings of text.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Mix and match with other components and utilities as needed.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar w/ text</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarText" aria-controls="navbarText" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarText">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
</ul>
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Color schemes
Theming the navbar has never been easier thanks to the combination of theming classes and `background-color` utilities. Choose from `.navbar-light` for use with light background colors, or `.navbar-inverse` for dark background colors. Then, customize with `.bg-*` utilities.
<div class="bd-example">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor01" aria-controls="navbarColor01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor01">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-info my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-inverse bg-primary">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor02" aria-controls="navbarColor02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor03" aria-controls="navbarColor03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-primary my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse bg-primary">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
{% endhighlight %}
## Containers
Although it's not required, you can wrap a navbar in a `.container` to center it on a page or add one within to only center the contents of a [fixed or static top navbar](#placement).
{% example html %}
<div class="container">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</nav>
</div>
{% endexample %}
When the container is within your navbar, its horizontal padding is removed at breakpoints lower than your specified `.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}` class. This ensures we're not doubling up on padding unnecessarily on lower viewports when your navbar is collapsed.
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Placement
Use our position utilities to place navbars in non-static positions. Choose from fixed to the top, fixed to the bottom, or stickied to the top. **Note that `position: sticky`, used for `.sticky-top`, [isn't fully supported in every browser](http://caniuse.com/#feat=css-sticky).**
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Full width</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed top</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar fixed-bottom navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed bottom</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar sticky-top navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Sticky top</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Responsive behaviors
Navbars can utilize `.navbar-toggler`, `.navbar-collapse`, and `.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}` classes to change when their content collapses behind a button. In combination with other utilities, you can easily choose when to show or hide particular elements.
For navbars that never collapse, add the `.navbar-expand` class on the navbar. For navbars that always collapse, don't add any `.navbar-expand` class.
### Toggler
Navbar togglers are left-aligned by default, but should they follow a sibling element like a `.navbar-brand`, they'll automatically be aligned to the far right. Reversing your markup will reverse the placement of the toggler. Below are examples of different toggle styles.
With no `.navbar-brand` shown in lowest breakpoint:
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo01">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Hidden brand</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
With a brand name shown on the left and toggler on the right:
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
With a toggler on the left and brand name on the right:
{% example html %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### External content
Sometimes you want to use the collapse plugin to trigger hidden content elsewhere on the page. Because our plugin works on the `id` and `data-target` matching, that's easily done!
{% example html %}
<div class="pos-f-t">
<div class="collapse" id="navbarToggleExternalContent">
<div class="bg-inverse p-4">
<h4 class="text-white">Collapsed content</h4>
<span class="text-muted">Toggleable via the navbar brand.</span>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-controls="navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
</nav>
</div>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Navs
description: Documentation and examples for how to use Bootstrap's included navigation components.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Base nav
Navigation available in Bootstrap share general markup and styles, from the base `.nav` class to the active and disabled states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
The base `.nav` component is built with flexbox and provide a strong foundation for building all types of navigation components. It includes some style overrides (for working with lists), some link padding for larger hit areas, and basic disabled styling.
{% callout info %}
The base `.nav` component does not include any `.active` state. The following examples include the class, mainly to demonstrate that this particular class does not trigger any special styling.
{% endcallout %}
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
Classes are used throughout, so your markup can be super flexible. Use `<ul>`s like above, or roll your own with say a `<nav>` element. Because the `.nav` uses `display: flex`, the nav links behave the same as nav items would, but without the extra markup.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Available styles
Change the style of `.nav`s component with modifiers and utilities. Mix and match as needed, or build your own.
### Horizontal alignment
Change the horizontal alignment of your nav with [flexbox utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/grid/#horizontal-alignment). By default, navs are left-aligned, but you can easily change them to center or right aligned.
Centered with `.justify-content-center`:
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav justify-content-center">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
Right-aligned with `.justify-content-end`:
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav justify-content-end">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Vertical
Stack your navigation by changing the flex item direction with the `.flex-column` utility. Need to stack them on some viewports but not others? Use the responsive versions (e.g., `.flex-sm-column`).
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
As always, vertical navigation is possible without `<ul>`s, too.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav flex-column">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
### Tabs
Takes the basic nav from above and adds the `.nav-tabs` class to generate a tabbed interface. Use them to create tabbable regions with our [tab JavaScript plugin](#javascript-behavior).
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Pills
Take that same HTML, but use `.nav-pills` instead:
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Fill and justify
Force your `.nav`'s contents to extend the full available width one of two modifier classes. To proportionately fill all available space with your `.nav-item`s, use `.nav-fill`. Notice that all horizontal space is occupied, but not every nav item has the same width.
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-fill">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Longer nav link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
When using a `<nav>`-based navigation, be sure to include `.nav-item` on the anchors.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav nav-pills nav-fill">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
For equal-width elements, use `.nav-justified`. All horizontal space will be occupied by nav links, but unlike the `.nav-fill` above, every nav item will be the same width.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Longer nav link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
Similar to the `.nav-fill` example using a `<nav>`-based navigation, be sure to include `.nav-item` on the anchors.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Working with flex utilities
If you need responsive nav variations, consider using a series of [flexbox utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/flexbox/). While more verbose, these utilities offer greater customization across responsive breakpoints. In the example below, our nav will be stacked on the lowest breakpoint, then adapt to a horizontal layout that fills the available width starting from the small breakpoint.
{% example html %}
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column flex-sm-row">
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Regarding accessibility
If you're using navs to provide a navigation bar, be sure to add a `role="navigation"` to the most logical parent container of the `<ul>`, or wrap a `<nav>` element around the whole navigation. Do not add the role to the `<ul>` itself, as this would prevent it from being announced as an actual list by assistive technologies.
Note that navigation bars, even if visually styled as tabs with the `.nav-tabs` class, should **not** be given `role="tablist"`, `role="tab"` or `role="tabpanel"` attributes. These are only appropriate for dynamic tabbed interfaces, as described in the [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#tabpanel). See [JavaScript behavior for dynamic tabbed interfaces](#javascript-behavior-for-dynamic-tabbed-interfaces) in this section for an example.
## Using dropdowns
Add dropdown menus with a little extra HTML and the [dropdowns JavaScript plugin]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/dropdowns/#usage).
### Tabs with dropdowns
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Pills with dropdowns
{% example html %}
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
## JavaScript behavior
Use the tab JavaScript plugin—include it individually or through the compiled `bootstrap.js` file—to extend our navigational tabs and pills to create tabbable panes of local content, even via dropdown menus.
Dynamic tabbed interfaces, as described in the [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#tabpanel), require `role="tablist"`, `role="tab"`, `role="tabpanel"`, and additional `aria-` attributes in order to convey their structure, functionality and current state to users of assistive technologies (such as screen readers).
<div class="bd-example bd-example-tabs">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="dropdown1-tab" href="#dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="dropdown2-tab" href="#dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="myTabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">
<p>Raw denim you probably haven't heard of them jean shorts Austin. Nesciunt tofu stumptown aliqua, retro synth master cleanse. Mustache cliche tempor, williamsburg carles vegan helvetica. Reprehenderit butcher retro keffiyeh dreamcatcher synth. Cosby sweater eu banh mi, qui irure terry richardson ex squid. Aliquip placeat salvia cillum iphone. Seitan aliquip quis cardigan american apparel, butcher voluptate nisi qui.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">
<p>Food truck fixie locavore, accusamus mcsweeney's marfa nulla single-origin coffee squid. Exercitation +1 labore velit, blog sartorial PBR leggings next level wes anderson artisan four loko farm-to-table craft beer twee. Qui photo booth letterpress, commodo enim craft beer mlkshk aliquip jean shorts ullamco ad vinyl cillum PBR. Homo nostrud organic, assumenda labore aesthetic magna delectus mollit. Keytar helvetica VHS salvia yr, vero magna velit sapiente labore stumptown. Vegan fanny pack odio cillum wes anderson 8-bit, sustainable jean shorts beard ut DIY ethical culpa terry richardson biodiesel. Art party scenester stumptown, tumblr butcher vero sint qui sapiente accusamus tattooed echo park.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="dropdown1-tab">
<p>Etsy mixtape wayfarers, ethical wes anderson tofu before they sold out mcsweeney's organic lomo retro fanny pack lo-fi farm-to-table readymade. Messenger bag gentrify pitchfork tattooed craft beer, iphone skateboard locavore carles etsy salvia banksy hoodie helvetica. DIY synth PBR banksy irony. Leggings gentrify squid 8-bit cred pitchfork. Williamsburg banh mi whatever gluten-free, carles pitchfork biodiesel fixie etsy retro mlkshk vice blog. Scenester cred you probably haven't heard of them, vinyl craft beer blog stumptown. Pitchfork sustainable tofu synth chambray yr.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="dropdown2-tab">
<p>Trust fund seitan letterpress, keytar raw denim keffiyeh etsy art party before they sold out master cleanse gluten-free squid scenester freegan cosby sweater. Fanny pack portland seitan DIY, art party locavore wolf cliche high life echo park Austin. Cred vinyl keffiyeh DIY salvia PBR, banh mi before they sold out farm-to-table VHS viral locavore cosby sweater. Lomo wolf viral, mustache readymade thundercats keffiyeh craft beer marfa ethical. Wolf salvia freegan, sartorial keffiyeh echo park vegan.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="dropdown1-tab" href="#dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="dropdown2-tab" href="#dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="myTabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="dropdown1-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="dropdown2-tab">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
To help fit your needs, this works with `<ul>`-based markup, as shown above, as well as `<nav>`-based markup shown below.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-tabs">
<nav class="nav nav-tabs" id="nav-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" id="nav-home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
<div class="dropdown">
<a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="nav-dropdown1-tab" href="#nav-dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="nav-dropdown2-tab" href="#nav-dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="nav-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-home-tab">
<p>Et et consectetur ipsum labore excepteur est proident excepteur ad velit occaecat qui minim occaecat veniam. Fugiat veniam incididunt anim aliqua enim pariatur veniam sunt est aute sit dolor anim. Velit non irure adipisicing aliqua ullamco irure incididunt irure non esse consectetur nostrud minim non minim occaecat. Amet duis do nisi duis veniam non est eiusmod tempor incididunt tempor dolor ipsum in qui sit. Exercitation mollit sit culpa nisi culpa non adipisicing reprehenderit do dolore. Duis reprehenderit occaecat anim ullamco ad duis occaecat ex.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-profile-tab">
<p>Nulla est ullamco ut irure incididunt nulla Lorem Lorem minim irure officia enim reprehenderit. Magna duis labore cillum sint adipisicing exercitation ipsum. Nostrud ut anim non exercitation velit laboris fugiat cupidatat. Commodo esse dolore fugiat sint velit ullamco magna consequat voluptate minim amet aliquip ipsum aute laboris nisi. Labore labore veniam irure irure ipsum pariatur mollit magna in cupidatat dolore magna irure esse tempor ad mollit. Dolore commodo nulla minim amet ipsum officia consectetur amet ullamco voluptate nisi commodo ea sit eu.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-dropdown1-tab">
<p>Sint sit mollit irure quis est nostrud cillum consequat Lorem esse do quis dolor esse fugiat sunt do. Eu ex commodo veniam Lorem aliquip laborum occaecat qui Lorem esse mollit dolore anim cupidatat. Deserunt officia id Lorem nostrud aute id commodo elit eiusmod enim irure amet eiusmod qui reprehenderit nostrud tempor. Fugiat ipsum excepteur in aliqua non et quis aliquip ad irure in labore cillum elit enim. Consequat aliquip incididunt ipsum et minim laborum laborum laborum et cillum labore. Deserunt adipisicing cillum id nulla minim nostrud labore eiusmod et amet. Laboris consequat consequat commodo non ut non aliquip reprehenderit nulla anim occaecat. Sunt sit ullamco reprehenderit irure ea ullamco Lorem aute nostrud magna.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-dropdown2-tab">
<p>Proident incididunt esse qui ea nisi ullamco aliquip nostrud velit sint duis. Aute culpa aute cillum sit consectetur mollit minim non reprehenderit tempor. Occaecat amet consectetur aute esse ad ullamco ad commodo mollit reprehenderit esse in consequat. Mollit minim do consectetur pariatur irure non id ea dolore occaecat adipisicing consectetur est aute magna non.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<nav class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" id="nav-home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-home" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-profile">Profile</a>
<div class="dropdown">
<a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="nav-dropdown1-tab" href="#nav-dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="nav-dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="nav-dropdown2-tab" href="#nav-dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="tab" aria-controls="nav-dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="nav-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-dropdown1-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-dropdown2-tab">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
The tabs plugin also works with pills.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-tabs">
<ul class="nav nav-pills mb-3" id="pills-tab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" id="pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-profile" aria-expanded="true">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="pills-dropdown1-tab" href="#pills-dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="pill" aria-controls="pills-dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="pills-dropdown2-tab" href="#pills-dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="pill" aria-controls="pills-dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-home-tab">
<p>Consequat occaecat ullamco amet non eiusmod nostrud dolore irure incididunt est duis anim sunt officia. Fugiat velit proident aliquip nisi incididunt nostrud exercitation proident est nisi. Irure magna elit commodo anim ex veniam culpa eiusmod id nostrud sit cupidatat in veniam ad. Eiusmod consequat eu adipisicing minim anim aliquip cupidatat culpa excepteur quis. Occaecat sit eu exercitation irure Lorem incididunt nostrud.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-profile-tab">
<p>Ad pariatur nostrud pariatur exercitation ipsum ipsum culpa mollit commodo mollit ex. Aute sunt incididunt amet commodo est sint nisi deserunt pariatur do. Aliquip ex eiusmod voluptate exercitation cillum id incididunt elit sunt. Qui minim sit magna Lorem id et dolore velit Lorem amet exercitation duis deserunt. Anim id labore elit adipisicing ut in id occaecat pariatur ut ullamco ea tempor duis.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-dropdown1-tab">
<p>Est quis nulla laborum officia ad nisi ex nostrud culpa Lorem excepteur aliquip dolor aliqua irure ex. Nulla ut duis ipsum nisi elit fugiat commodo sunt reprehenderit laborum veniam eu veniam. Eiusmod minim exercitation fugiat irure ex labore incididunt do fugiat commodo aliquip sit id deserunt reprehenderit aliquip nostrud. Amet ex cupidatat excepteur aute veniam incididunt mollit cupidatat esse irure officia elit do ipsum ullamco Lorem. Ullamco ut ad minim do mollit labore ipsum laboris ipsum commodo sunt tempor enim incididunt. Commodo quis sunt dolore aliquip aute tempor irure magna enim minim reprehenderit. Ullamco consectetur culpa veniam sint cillum aliqua incididunt velit ullamco sunt ullamco quis quis commodo voluptate. Mollit nulla nostrud adipisicing aliqua cupidatat aliqua pariatur mollit voluptate voluptate consequat non.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-dropdown2-tab">
<p>Tempor anim aliquip qui nisi sit minim ex in cupidatat ipsum adipisicing. Ad non magna anim id ullamco do dolor sit adipisicing nulla exercitation. Qui Lorem eiusmod sint in laboris pariatur est adipisicing non sunt occaecat in mollit culpa sit. Aliquip id duis do do quis mollit ut duis. Non dolor reprehenderit do esse nostrud deserunt non eiusmod minim anim sit voluptate ipsum. Nulla elit aliqua do sunt labore velit anim nisi dolor nostrud consectetur fugiat ex qui velit ex tempor. Do cillum qui anim aliquip id cillum duis ex laboris tempor incididunt sint dolor ullamco tempor. Fugiat laboris enim anim veniam aliquip cillum irure.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ul class="nav nav-pills mb-3" id="pills-tab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" id="pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-profile" aria-expanded="true">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" id="pills-dropdown1-tab" href="#pills-dropdown1" role="tab" data-toggle="pill" aria-controls="pills-dropdown1">@fat</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" id="pills-dropdown2-tab" href="#pills-dropdown2" role="tab" data-toggle="pill" aria-controls="pills-dropdown2">@mdo</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-dropdown1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-dropdown1-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-dropdown2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-dropdown2-tab">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
And with vertical pills.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-tabs">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">
<div class="nav flex-column nav-pills" id="v-pills-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-link active" id="v-pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-profile" aria-expanded="true">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-messages-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-messages" aria-expanded="true">Messages</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-settings-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-settings" aria-expanded="true">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-9">
<div class="tab-content" id="v-pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-home-tab">
<p>Cillum ad ut irure tempor velit nostrud occaecat ullamco aliqua anim Lorem sint. Veniam sint duis incididunt do esse magna mollit excepteur laborum qui. Id id reprehenderit sit est eu aliqua occaecat quis et velit excepteur laborum mollit dolore eiusmod. Ipsum dolor in occaecat commodo et voluptate minim reprehenderit mollit pariatur. Deserunt non laborum enim et cillum eu deserunt excepteur ea incididunt minim occaecat.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-profile-tab">
<p>Culpa dolor voluptate do laboris laboris irure reprehenderit id incididunt duis pariatur mollit aute magna pariatur consectetur. Eu veniam duis non ut dolor deserunt commodo et minim in quis laboris ipsum velit id veniam. Quis ut consectetur adipisicing officia excepteur non sit. Ut et elit aliquip labore Lorem enim eu. Ullamco mollit occaecat dolore ipsum id officia mollit qui esse anim eiusmod do sint minim consectetur qui.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-messages-tab">
<p>Fugiat id quis dolor culpa eiusmod anim velit excepteur proident dolor aute qui magna. Ad proident laboris ullamco esse anim Lorem Lorem veniam quis Lorem irure occaecat velit nostrud magna nulla. Velit et et proident Lorem do ea tempor officia dolor. Reprehenderit Lorem aliquip labore est magna commodo est ea veniam consectetur.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-settings-tab">
<p>Eu dolore ea ullamco dolore Lorem id cupidatat excepteur reprehenderit consectetur elit id dolor proident in cupidatat officia. Voluptate excepteur commodo labore nisi cillum duis aliqua do. Aliqua amet qui mollit consectetur nulla mollit velit aliqua veniam nisi id do Lorem deserunt amet. Culpa ullamco sit adipisicing labore officia magna elit nisi in aute tempor commodo eiusmod.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="nav flex-column nav-pills" id="v-pills-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-link active" id="v-pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-home" aria-expanded="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-profile" aria-expanded="true">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-messages-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-messages" aria-expanded="true">Messages</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-settings-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-settings" aria-expanded="true">Settings</a>
</div>
<div class="tab-content" id="v-pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-messages-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-settings-tab">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Using data attributes
You can activate a tab or pill navigation without writing any JavaScript by simply specifying `data-toggle="tab"` or `data-toggle="pill"` on an element. Use these data attributes on `.nav-tabs` or `.nav-pills`.
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Nav tabs -->
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#messages" role="tab">Messages</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#settings" role="tab">Settings</a>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- Tab panes -->
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Via JavaScript
Enable tabbable tabs via JavaScript (each tab needs to be activated individually):
{% highlight js %}
$('#myTab a').click(function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
$(this).tab('show')
})
{% endhighlight %}
You can activate individual tabs in several ways:
{% highlight js %}
$('#myTab a[href="#profile"]').tab('show') // Select tab by name
$('#myTab a:first').tab('show') // Select first tab
$('#myTab a:last').tab('show') // Select last tab
$('#myTab li:eq(2) a').tab('show') // Select third tab (0-indexed)
{% endhighlight %}
### Fade effect
To make tabs fade in, add `.fade` to each `.tab-pane`. The first tab pane must also have `.show` to make the initial content visible.
{% highlight html %}
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### $().tab
Activates a tab element and content container. Tab should have either a `data-target` or an `href` targeting a container node in the DOM.
{% highlight html %}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages">Messages</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="tab" href="#settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings">Settings</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#myTab a:last').tab('show')
})
</script>
{% endhighlight %}
#### .tab('show')
Selects the given tab and shows its associated pane. Any other tab that was previously selected becomes unselected and its associated pane is hidden. **Returns to the caller before the tab pane has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tab` event occurs).
{% highlight js %}
$('#someTab').tab('show')
{% endhighlight %}
### Events
When showing a new tab, the events fire in the following order:
1. `hide.bs.tab` (on the current active tab)
2. `show.bs.tab` (on the to-be-shown tab)
3. `hidden.bs.tab` (on the previous active tab, the same one as for the `hide.bs.tab` event)
4. `shown.bs.tab` (on the newly-active just-shown tab, the same one as for the `show.bs.tab` event)
If no tab was already active, then the `hide.bs.tab` and `hidden.bs.tab` events will not be fired.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show, but before the new tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show after a tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires when a new tab is to be shown (and thus the previous active tab is to be hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the current active tab and the new soon-to-be-active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires after a new tab is shown (and thus the previous active tab is hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the previous active tab and the new active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('a[data-toggle="tab"]').on('shown.bs.tab', function (e) {
e.target // newly activated tab
e.relatedTarget // previous active tab
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Pagination
description: Documentation and examples for showing pagination to indicate a series of related content exists across multiple pages.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
We use a large block of connected links for our pagination, making links hard to miss and easily scalable—all while providing large hit areas. Pagination is built with list HTML elements so screen readers can announce the number of available links. Use a wrapping `<nav>` element to identify it as a navigation section to screen readers and other assistive technologies.
In addition, as pages likely have more than one such navigation section, it's advisable to provide a descriptive `aria-label` for the `<nav>` to reflect its purpose. For example, if the pagination component is used to navigate between a set of search results, an appropriate label could be `aria-label="Search results pages"`.
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Previous</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Working with icons
Looking to use an icon or symbol in place of text for some pagination links? Be sure to provide proper screen reader support with `aria` attributes and the `.sr-only` utility.
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Disabled and active states
Pagination links are customizable for different circumstances. Use `.disabled` for links that appear un-clickable and `.active` to indicate the current page.
While the `.disabled` class uses `pointer-events: none` to _try_ to disable the link functionality of `<a>`s, that CSS property is not yet standardized and doesn't account for keyboard navigation. As such, you should always add `tabindex="-1"` on disabled links and use custom JavaScript to fully disable their functionality.
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item active">
<a class="page-link" href="#">2 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
You can optionally swap out active or disabled anchors for `<span>`, or omit the anchor in the case of the prev/next arrows, to remove click functionality and prevent keyboard focus while retaining intended styles.
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<span class="page-link">Previous</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item active">
<span class="page-link">
2
<span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Sizing
Fancy larger or smaller pagination? Add `.pagination-lg` or `.pagination-sm` for additional sizes.
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination pagination-lg">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination pagination-sm">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
## Alignment
Change the alignment of pagination components with [flexbox utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/flexbox/).
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination justify-content-center">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination justify-content-end">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Popovers
description: Documentation and examples for adding Bootstrap popovers, like those found in iOS, to any element on your site.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Things to know when using the popover plugin:
- Popovers rely on the 3rd party library [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org) for positioning. You must include [popper.min.js](https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js) before bootstrap.js in order for popovers to work!
- Popovers require the [tooltip plugin]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/tooltips/) as a dependency.
- Popovers are opt-in for performance reasons, so **you must initialize them yourself**.
- Zero-length `title` and `content` values will never show a popover.
- Specify `container: 'body'` to avoid rendering problems in more complex components (like our input groups, button groups, etc).
- Triggering popovers on hidden elements will not work.
- Popovers for `.disabled` or `disabled` elements must be triggered on a wrapper element.
- When triggered from hyperlinks that span multiple lines, popovers will be centered. Use `white-space: nowrap;` on your `<a>`s to avoid this behavior.
- Popovers must be hidden before their corresponding elements have been removed from the DOM.
Got all that? Great, let's see how they work with some examples.
## Example: Enable popovers everywhere
One way to initialize all popovers on a page would be to select them by their `data-toggle` attribute:
{% highlight js %}
$(function () {
$('[data-toggle="popover"]').popover()
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Example: Using the `container` option
When you have some styles on a parent element that interfere with a popover, you'll want to specify a custom `container` so that the popover's HTML appears within that element instead.
{% highlight js %}
$(function () {
$('.example-popover').popover({
container: 'body'
})
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Static popover
Four options are available: top, right, bottom, and left aligned.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-popover-static">
<div class="popover bs-popover-top bs-popover-top-docs">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<h3 class="popover-title">Popover top</h3>
<div class="popover-content">
<p>Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="popover bs-popover-right bs-popover-right-docs">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<h3 class="popover-title">Popover right</h3>
<div class="popover-content">
<p>Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="popover bs-popover-bottom bs-popover-bottom-docs">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<h3 class="popover-title">Popover bottom</h3>
<div class="popover-content">
<p>Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="popover bs-popover-left bs-popover-left-docs">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<h3 class="popover-title">Popover left</h3>
<div class="popover-content">
<p>Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>
</div>
## Live demo
{% example html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-danger" data-toggle="popover" title="Popover title" data-content="And here's some amazing content. It's very engaging. Right?">Click to toggle popover</button>
{% endexample %}
### Four directions
<div class="bd-example popover-demo">
<div class="bd-example-popovers">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="top" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="right" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="bottom" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="left" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on left
</button>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="top" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="right" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="bottom" data-content="Vivamus
sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="left" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on left
</button>
{% endhighlight %}
### Dismiss on next click
Use the `focus` trigger to dismiss popovers on the next click that the user makes.
{% callout danger %}
#### Specific markup required for dismiss-on-next-click
For proper cross-browser and cross-platform behavior, you must use the `<a>` tag, _not_ the `<button>` tag, and you also must include a [`tabindex`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/tabindex) attribute.
{% endcallout %}
{% example html %}
<a tabindex="0" class="btn btn-lg btn-danger" role="button" data-toggle="popover" data-trigger="focus" title="Dismissible popover" data-content="And here's some amazing content. It's very engaging. Right?">Dismissible popover</a>
{% endexample %}
{% highlight js %}
$('.popover-dismiss').popover({
trigger: 'focus'
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Usage
Enable popovers via JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}$('#example').popover(options){% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-animation=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>animation</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Apply a CSS fade transition to the popover</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>container</td>
<td>string | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Appends the popover to a specific element. Example: <code>container: 'body'</code>. This option is particularly useful in that it allows you to position the popover in the flow of the document near the triggering element - which will prevent the popover from floating away from the triggering element during a window resize.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>content</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default content value if <code>data-content</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the popover is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>delay</td>
<td>number | object</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Delay showing and hiding the popover (ms) - does not apply to manual trigger type</p>
<p>If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show</p>
<p>Object structure is: <code>delay: { "show": 500, "hide": 100 }</code></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>html</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>Insert HTML into the popover. If false, jQuery's <code>text</code> method will be used to insert content into the DOM. Use text if you're worried about XSS attacks.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>placement</td>
<td>string | function</td>
<td>'right'</td>
<td>
<p>How to position the popover - auto | top | bottom | left | right.<br>When <code>auto</code> is specified, it will dynamically reorient the popover.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the placement, it is called with the popover DOM node as its first argument and the triggering element DOM node as its second. The <code>this</code> context is set to the popover instance.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>selector</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If a selector is provided, popover objects will be delegated to the specified targets. In practice, this is used to enable dynamic HTML content to have popovers added. See <a href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/4215">this</a> and <a href="https://jsbin.com/zopod/1/edit">an informative example</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>template</td>
<td>string</td>
<td><code>'&lt;div class="popover" role="tooltip"&gt;&lt;div class="arrow" x-arrow&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 class="popover-title"&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div class="popover-content"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'</code></td>
<td>
<p>Base HTML to use when creating the popover.</p>
<p>The popover's <code>title</code> will be injected into the <code>.popover-title</code>.</p>
<p>The popover's <code>content</code> will be injected into the <code>.popover-content</code>.</p>
<p><code>.arrow</code> will become the popover's arrow.</p>
<p>The outermost wrapper element should have the <code>.popover</code> class.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default title value if <code>title</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the popover is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trigger</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'click'</td>
<td>How popover is triggered - click | hover | focus | manual. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space. `manual` cannot be combined with any other trigger.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Offset of the popover relative to its target. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fallbackPlacement</td>
<td>string | array</td>
<td>'flip'</td>
<td>Allow to specify which position Popper will use on fallback. For more information refer to
Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..flip.behavior">behavior docs</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% callout info %}
#### Data attributes for individual popovers
Options for individual popovers can alternatively be specified through the use of data attributes, as explained above.
{% endcallout %}
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `$().popover(options)`
Initializes popovers for an element collection.
#### `.popover('show')`
Reveals an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover. Popovers whose both title and content are zero-length are never displayed.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('show'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('hide')`
Hides an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('hide'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('toggle')`
Toggles an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.popover` or `hidden.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('toggle'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('dispose')`
Hides and destroys an element's popover. Popovers that use delegation (which are created using [the `selector` option](#options)) cannot be individually destroyed on descendant trigger elements.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('dispose'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('enable')`
Gives an element's popover the ability to be shown. **Popovers are enabled by default.**
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('enable'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('disable')`
Removes the ability for an element's popover to be shown. The popover will only be able to be shown if it is re-enabled.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('disable'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('toggleEnabled')`
Toggles the ability for an element's popover to be shown or hidden.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('toggleEnabled'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.popover('update')`
Updates the position of an element's popover.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').popover('update'){% endhighlight %}
### Events
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired when the popover has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired when the popover has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>inserted.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired after the <code>show.bs.popover</code> event when the tooltip template has been added to the DOM.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myPopover').on('hidden.bs.popover', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Progress
description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap custom progress bars featuring support for stacked bars, animated backgrounds, and text labels.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Progress components are built with two HTML elements, some CSS to set the width, and a few attributes. We don't use [the HTML5 `<progress>` element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/progress), ensuring you can stack progress bars, animate them, and place text labels over them.
- We use the `.progress` as a wrapper to indicate the max value of the progress bar.
- We use the inner `.progress-bar` to indicate the progress so far.
- The `.progress-bar` requires an inline style, utility class, or custom CSS to set their width.
- The `.progress-bar` also requires some `role` and `aria` attributes to make it accessible.
Put that all together, and you have the following examples.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
Bootstrap provides a handful of [utilities for setting width]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/sizing/). Depending on your needs, these may help with quickly configuring progress.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar w-75" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Labels
Add labels to your progress bars by placing text within the `.progress-bar`.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">25%</div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Height
We only set a `height` value on the `.progress-bar`, so if you change that value the outer `.progress` will automatically resize accordingly.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%; height: 1px;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%; height: 20px;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Backgrounds
Use background utility classes to change the appearance of individual progress bars.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-warning" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-danger" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Multiple bars
Include multiple progress bars in a progress component if you need.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 15%" aria-valuenow="15" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
<div class="progress-bar bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 30%" aria-valuenow="30" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
<div class="progress-bar bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 20%" aria-valuenow="20" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Striped
Add `.progress-bar-striped` to any `.progress-bar` to apply a stripe via CSS gradient over the progress bar's background color.
{% example html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped" role="progressbar" style="width: 10%" aria-valuenow="10" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-warning" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-danger" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{% endexample %}
## Animated stripes
The striped gradient can also be animated. Add `.progress-bar-animated` to `.progress-bar` to animate the stripes right to left via CSS3 animations.
**Animated progress bars don't work in Opera 12**—as they don't support CSS3 animations.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" style="width: 75%"></div>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary bd-toggle-animated-progress" data-toggle="button" aria-pressed="false" autocomplete="off">
Toggle animation
</button>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped progress-bar-animated" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" style="width: 75%"></div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Scrollspy
description: Automatically update Bootstrap navigation or list group components based on scroll position to indicate which link is currently active in the viewport.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Scrollspy has a few requirements to function properly:
- It must to be used on a Bootstrap [nav component]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/navs/) or [list group]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/list-group/).
- Scrollspy requires `position: relative;` on the element you're spying on, usually the `<body>`.
- When spying on elements other than the `<body>`, be sure to have a `height` set and `overflow-y: scroll;` applied.
- Anchors (`<a>`) are required and must point to an element with that `id`.
When successfully implemented, your nav or list group will update accordingly, moving the `.active` class from one item to the next based on their associated targets.
## Example in navbar
Scroll the area below the navbar and watch the active class change. The dropdown items will be highlighted as well.
<div class="bd-example">
<nav id="navbar-example2" class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#fat">@fat</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#mdo">@mdo</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#one">one</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#two">two</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#three">three</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example2" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="fat">@fat</h4>
<p>Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney's photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven't heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.</p>
<h4 id="mdo">@mdo</h4>
<p>Veniam marfa mustache skateboard, adipisicing fugiat velit pitchfork beard. Freegan beard aliqua cupidatat mcsweeney's vero. Cupidatat four loko nisi, ea helvetica nulla carles. Tattooed cosby sweater food truck, mcsweeney's quis non freegan vinyl. Lo-fi wes anderson +1 sartorial. Carles non aesthetic exercitation quis gentrify. Brooklyn adipisicing craft beer vice keytar deserunt.</p>
<h4 id="one">one</h4>
<p>Occaecat commodo aliqua delectus. Fap craft beer deserunt skateboard ea. Lomo bicycle rights adipisicing banh mi, velit ea sunt next level locavore single-origin coffee in magna veniam. High life id vinyl, echo park consequat quis aliquip banh mi pitchfork. Vero VHS est adipisicing. Consectetur nisi DIY minim messenger bag. Cred ex in, sustainable delectus consectetur fanny pack iphone.</p>
<h4 id="two">two</h4>
<p>In incididunt echo park, officia deserunt mcsweeney's proident master cleanse thundercats sapiente veniam. Excepteur VHS elit, proident shoreditch +1 biodiesel laborum craft beer. Single-origin coffee wayfarers irure four loko, cupidatat terry richardson master cleanse. Assumenda you probably haven't heard of them art party fanny pack, tattooed nulla cardigan tempor ad. Proident wolf nesciunt sartorial keffiyeh eu banh mi sustainable. Elit wolf voluptate, lo-fi ea portland before they sold out four loko. Locavore enim nostrud mlkshk brooklyn nesciunt.</p>
<h4 id="three">three</h4>
<p>Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney's photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven't heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.</p>
<p>Keytar twee blog, culpa messenger bag marfa whatever delectus food truck. Sapiente synth id assumenda. Locavore sed helvetica cliche irony, thundercats you probably haven't heard of them consequat hoodie gluten-free lo-fi fap aliquip. Labore elit placeat before they sold out, terry richardson proident brunch nesciunt quis cosby sweater pariatur keffiyeh ut helvetica artisan. Cardigan craft beer seitan readymade velit. VHS chambray laboris tempor veniam. Anim mollit minim commodo ullamco thundercats.
</p>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<nav id="navbar-example2" class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#fat">@fat</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#mdo">@mdo</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#one">one</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#two">two</a>
<div role="separator" class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#three">three</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example2" data-offset="0">
<h4 id="fat">@fat</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="mdo">@mdo</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="one">one</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="two">two</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="three">three</h4>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Example with nested nav
Scrollspy also works with nested `.nav`s. If a nested `.nav` is `.active`, its parents will also be `.active`. Scroll the area next to the navbar and watch the active class change.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<nav id="navbar-example3" class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded flex-column">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-1">Item 1</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-1">Item 1-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-2">Item 1-2</a>
</nav>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-2">Item 2</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-3">Item 3</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-1">Item 3-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-2">Item 3-2</a>
</nav>
</nav>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example3" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example-2">
<h4 id="item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>Ex consequat commodo adipisicing exercitation aute excepteur occaecat ullamco duis aliqua id magna ullamco eu. Do aute ipsum ipsum ullamco cillum consectetur ut et aute consectetur labore. Fugiat laborum incididunt tempor eu consequat enim dolore proident. Qui laborum do non excepteur nulla magna eiusmod consectetur in. Aliqua et aliqua officia quis et incididunt voluptate non anim reprehenderit adipisicing dolore ut consequat deserunt mollit dolore. Aliquip nulla enim veniam non fugiat id cupidatat nulla elit cupidatat commodo velit ut eiusmod cupidatat elit dolore.</p>
<h5 id="item-1-1">Item 1-1</h5>
<p>Amet tempor mollit aliquip pariatur excepteur commodo do ea cillum commodo Lorem et occaecat elit qui et. Aliquip labore ex ex esse voluptate occaecat Lorem ullamco deserunt. Aliqua cillum excepteur irure consequat id quis ea. Sit proident ullamco aute magna pariatur nostrud labore. Reprehenderit aliqua commodo eiusmod aliquip est do duis amet proident magna consectetur consequat eu commodo fugiat non quis. Enim aliquip exercitation ullamco adipisicing voluptate excepteur minim exercitation minim minim commodo adipisicing exercitation officia nisi adipisicing. Anim id duis qui consequat labore adipisicing sint dolor elit cillum anim et fugiat.</p>
<h5 id="item-1-2">Item 2-2</h5>
<p>Cillum nisi deserunt magna eiusmod qui eiusmod velit voluptate pariatur laborum sunt enim. Irure laboris mollit consequat incididunt sint et culpa culpa incididunt adipisicing magna magna occaecat. Nulla ipsum cillum eiusmod sint elit excepteur ea labore enim consectetur in labore anim. Proident ullamco ipsum esse elit ut Lorem eiusmod dolor et eiusmod. Anim occaecat nulla in non consequat eiusmod velit incididunt.</p>
<h4 id="item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>Quis magna Lorem anim amet ipsum do mollit sit cillum voluptate ex nulla tempor. Laborum consequat non elit enim exercitation cillum aliqua consequat id aliqua. Esse ex consectetur mollit voluptate est in duis laboris ad sit ipsum anim Lorem. Incididunt veniam velit elit elit veniam Lorem aliqua quis ullamco deserunt sit enim elit aliqua esse irure. Laborum nisi sit est tempor laborum mollit labore officia laborum excepteur commodo non commodo dolor excepteur commodo. Ipsum fugiat ex est consectetur ipsum commodo tempor sunt in proident.</p>
<h4 id="item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
<h5 id="item-3-1">Item 3-1</h5>
<p>Deserunt quis elit Lorem eiusmod amet enim enim amet minim Lorem proident nostrud. Ea id dolore anim exercitation aute fugiat labore voluptate cillum do laboris labore. Ex velit exercitation nisi enim labore reprehenderit labore nostrud ut ut. Esse officia sunt duis aliquip ullamco tempor eiusmod deserunt irure nostrud irure. Ullamco proident veniam laboris ea consectetur magna sunt ex exercitation aliquip minim enim culpa occaecat exercitation. Est tempor excepteur aliquip laborum consequat do deserunt laborum esse eiusmod irure proident ipsum esse qui.</p>
<h5 id="item-3-2">Item 3-2</h5>
<p>Labore sit culpa commodo elit adipisicing sit aliquip elit proident voluptate minim mollit nostrud aute reprehenderit do. Mollit excepteur eu Lorem ipsum anim commodo sint labore Lorem in exercitation velit incididunt. Occaecat consectetur nisi in occaecat proident minim enim sunt reprehenderit exercitation cupidatat et do officia. Aliquip consequat ad labore labore mollit ut amet. Sit pariatur tempor proident in veniam culpa aliqua excepteur elit magna fugiat eiusmod amet officia.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<nav id="navbar-example3" class="navbar navbar-light bg-faded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-1">Item 1</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-1">Item 1-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-2">Item 1-2</a>
</nav>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-2">Item2</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-3">Item3</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-1">Item 3-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-2">Item 3-2</a>
</nav>
</nav>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example3" data-offset="0">
<h4 id="item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-1-1">Item 1-1</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-1-2">Item 2-2</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-3-1">Item 3-1</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-3-2">Item 3-2</h5>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Example with list-group
Scrollspy also works with `.list-group`s. Scroll the area next to the list group and watch the active class change.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div id="list-example" class="list-group">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-1">Item 1</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-2">Item2</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-3">Item 3</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-4">Item 4</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#list-example" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="list-item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>Ex consequat commodo adipisicing exercitation aute excepteur occaecat ullamco duis aliqua id magna ullamco eu. Do aute ipsum ipsum ullamco cillum consectetur ut et aute consectetur labore. Fugiat laborum incididunt tempor eu consequat enim dolore proident. Qui laborum do non excepteur nulla magna eiusmod consectetur in. Aliqua et aliqua officia quis et incididunt voluptate non anim reprehenderit adipisicing dolore ut consequat deserunt mollit dolore. Aliquip nulla enim veniam non fugiat id cupidatat nulla elit cupidatat commodo velit ut eiusmod cupidatat elit dolore.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>Quis magna Lorem anim amet ipsum do mollit sit cillum voluptate ex nulla tempor. Laborum consequat non elit enim exercitation cillum aliqua consequat id aliqua. Esse ex consectetur mollit voluptate est in duis laboris ad sit ipsum anim Lorem. Incididunt veniam velit elit elit veniam Lorem aliqua quis ullamco deserunt sit enim elit aliqua esse irure. Laborum nisi sit est tempor laborum mollit labore officia laborum excepteur commodo non commodo dolor excepteur commodo. Ipsum fugiat ex est consectetur ipsum commodo tempor sunt in proident.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-4">Item 4</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div id="list-example" class="list-group">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-1">Item 1</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-2">Item2</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-3">Item 3</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-4">Item 4</a>
</div>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#list-example" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="list-item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-4">Item 4</h4>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
## Usage
### Via data attributes
To easily add scrollspy behavior to your topbar navigation, add `data-spy="scroll"` to the element you want to spy on (most typically this would be the `<body>`). Then add the `data-target` attribute with the ID or class of the parent element of any Bootstrap `.nav` component.
{% highlight css %}
body {
position: relative;
}
{% endhighlight %}
{% highlight html %}
<body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example">
...
<div id="navbar-example">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist">
...
</ul>
</div>
...
</body>
{% endhighlight %}
### Via JavaScript
After adding `position: relative;` in your CSS, call the scrollspy via JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$('body').scrollspy({ target: '#navbar-example' })
{% endhighlight %}
{% callout danger %}
#### Resolvable ID targets required
Navbar links must have resolvable id targets. For example, a `<a href="#home">home</a>` must correspond to something in the DOM like `<div id="home"></div>`.
{% endcallout %}
{% callout info %}
#### Non-`:visible` target elements ignored
Target elements that are not [`:visible` according to jQuery](https://api.jquery.com/visible-selector/) will be ignored and their corresponding nav items will never be highlighted.
{% endcallout %}
### Methods
#### `.scrollspy('refresh')`
When using scrollspy in conjunction with adding or removing of elements from the DOM, you'll need to call the refresh method like so:
{% highlight js %}
$('[data-spy="scroll"]').each(function () {
var $spy = $(this).scrollspy('refresh')
})
{% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-offset=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>Pixels to offset from top when calculating position of scroll.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Events
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>activate.bs.scrollspy</td>
<td>This event fires whenever a new item becomes activated by the scrollspy.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myScrollspy').on('activate.bs.scrollspy', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
+349
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Tooltips
description: Documentation and examples for adding custom Bootstrap tooltips with CSS and JavaScript using CSS3 for animations and data-attributes for local title storage.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Things to know when using the tooltip plugin:
- Tooltips rely on the 3rd party library [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org) for positioning. You must include [popper.min.js](https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js) before bootstrap.js in order for tooltips to work!
- Tooltips are opt-in for performance reasons, so **you must initialize them yourself**.
- Tooltips with zero-length titles are never displayed.
- Specify `container: 'body'` to avoid rendering problems in more complex components (like our input groups, button groups, etc).
- Triggering tooltips on hidden elements will not work.
- Tooltips for `.disabled` or `disabled` elements must be triggered on a wrapper element.
- When triggered from hyperlinks that span multiple lines, tooltips will be centered. Use `white-space: nowrap;` on your `<a>`s to avoid this behavior.
- Tooltips must be hidden before their corresponding elements have been removed from the DOM.
Got all that? Great, let's see how they work with some examples.
## Example: Enable tooltips everywhere
One way to initialize all tooltips on a page would be to select them by their `data-toggle` attribute:
{% highlight js %}
$(function () {
$('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip()
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Examples
Hover over the links below to see tooltips:
<div class="bd-example tooltip-demo">
<p class="muted">Tight pants next level keffiyeh <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Default tooltip">you probably</a> haven't heard of them. Photo booth beard raw denim letterpress vegan messenger bag stumptown. Farm-to-table seitan, mcsweeney's fixie sustainable quinoa 8-bit american apparel <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Another tooltip">have a</a> terry richardson vinyl chambray. Beard stumptown, cardigans banh mi lomo thundercats. Tofu biodiesel williamsburg marfa, four loko mcsweeney's cleanse vegan chambray. A really ironic artisan <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Another one here too">whatever keytar</a>, scenester farm-to-table banksy Austin <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="The last tip!">twitter handle</a> freegan cred raw denim single-origin coffee viral.
</p>
</div>
### Static demo
Four options are available: top, right, bottom, and left aligned.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-tooltip-static">
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-top bs-tooltip-top-docs" role="tooltip">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Tooltip on the top
</div>
</div>
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-right bs-tooltip-right-docs" role="tooltip">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Tooltip on the right
</div>
</div>
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-bottom bs-tooltip-bottom-docs" role="tooltip">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Tooltip on the bottom
</div>
</div>
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-left bs-tooltip-left-docs" role="tooltip">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Tooltip on the left
</div>
</div>
</div>
### Interactive demo
Hover over the buttons below to see their tooltips.
<div class="bd-example tooltip-demo">
<div class="bd-example-tooltips">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Tooltip on top">Tooltip on top</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Tooltip on right">Tooltip on right</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Tooltip on bottom">Tooltip on bottom</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Tooltip on left">Tooltip on left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-html="true" title="<em>Tooltip</em> <u>with</u> <b>HTML</b>">Tooltip with HTML</button>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Tooltip on top">
Tooltip on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Tooltip on right">
Tooltip on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Tooltip on bottom">
Tooltip on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Tooltip on left">
Tooltip on left
</button>
{% endhighlight %}
And with custom HTML added:
{% highlight html %}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-html="true" title="<em>Tooltip</em> <u>with</u> <b>HTML</b>">
Tooltip with HTML
</button>
{% endhighlight %}
## Usage
The tooltip plugin generates content and markup on demand, and by default places tooltips after their trigger element.
Trigger the tooltip via JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$('#example').tooltip(options)
{% endhighlight %}
### Markup
The required markup for a tooltip is only a `data` attribute and `title` on the HTML element you wish to have a tooltip. The generated markup of a tooltip is rather simple, though it does require a position (by default, set to `top` by the plugin).
{% callout warning %}
#### Making tooltips work for keyboard and assistive technology users
You should only add tooltips to HTML elements that are traditionally keyboard-focusable and interactive (such as links or form controls). Although arbitrary HTML elements (such as `<span>`s) can be made focusable by adding the `tabindex="0"` attribute, this will add potentially annoying and confusing tab stops on non-interactive elements for keyboard users. In addition, most assistive technologies currently do not announce the tooltip in this situation.
{% endcallout %}
{% highlight html %}
<!-- HTML to write -->
<a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Some tooltip text!">Hover over me</a>
<!-- Generated markup by the plugin -->
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-top" role="tooltip">
<div class="arrow" x-arrow></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Some tooltip text!
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-animation=""`.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>animation</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Apply a CSS fade transition to the tooltip</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>container</td>
<td>string | element | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Appends the tooltip to a specific element. Example: <code>container: 'body'</code>. This option is particularly useful in that it allows you to position the tooltip in the flow of the document near the triggering element - which will prevent the tooltip from floating away from the triggering element during a window resize.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>delay</td>
<td>number | object</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Delay showing and hiding the tooltip (ms) - does not apply to manual trigger type</p>
<p>If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show</p>
<p>Object structure is: <code>delay: { "show": 500, "hide": 100 }</code></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>html</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Allow HTML in the tooltip.</p>
<p>If true, HTML tags in the tooltip's <code>title</code> will be rendered in the tooltip. If false, jQuery's <code>text</code> method will be used to insert content into the DOM.</p>
<p>Use text if you're worried about XSS attacks.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>placement</td>
<td>string | function</td>
<td>'top'</td>
<td>
<p>How to position the tooltip - auto | top | bottom | left | right.<br>When <code>auto</code> is specified, it will dynamically reorient the tooltip.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the placement, it is called with the tooltip DOM node as its first argument and the triggering element DOM node as its second. The <code>this</code> context is set to the tooltip instance.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>selector</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If a selector is provided, tooltip objects will be delegated to the specified targets. In practice, this is used to enable dynamic HTML content to have popovers added. See <a href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/4215">this</a> and <a href="https://jsbin.com/zopod/1/edit">an informative example</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>template</td>
<td>string</td>
<td><code>'&lt;div class="tooltip" role="tooltip"&gt;&lt;div class="arrow" x-arrow&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="tooltip-inner"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'</code></td>
<td>
<p>Base HTML to use when creating the tooltip.</p>
<p>The tooltip's <code>title</code> will be injected into the <code>.tooltip-inner</code>.</p>
<p><code>.arrow</code> will become the tooltip's arrow.</p>
<p>The outermost wrapper element should have the <code>.tooltip</code> class.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default title value if <code>title</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the tooltip is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trigger</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'hover focus'</td>
<td>How tooltip is triggered - click | hover | focus | manual. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space. `manual` cannot be combined with any other trigger.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Offset of the tooltip relative to its target. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fallbackPlacement</td>
<td>string | array</td>
<td>'flip'</td>
<td>Allow to specify which position Popper will use on fallback. For more information refer to
Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/popper-documentation.html#modifiers..flip.behavior">behavior docs</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% callout info %}
#### Data attributes for individual tooltips
Options for individual tooltips can alternatively be specified through the use of data attributes, as explained above.
{% endcallout %}
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `$().tooltip(options)`
Attaches a tooltip handler to an element collection.
#### `.tooltip('show')`
Reveals an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip. Tooltips with zero-length titles are never displayed.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('show'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('hide')`
Hides an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('hide'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('toggle')`
Toggles an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tooltip` or `hidden.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('toggle'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('dispose')`
Hides and destroys an element's tooltip. Tooltips that use delegation (which are created using [the `selector` option](#options)) cannot be individually destroyed on descendant trigger elements.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('dispose'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('enable')`
Gives an element's tooltip the ability to be shown. **Tooltips are enabled by default.**
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('enable'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('disable')`
Removes the ability for an element's tooltip to be shown. The tooltip will only be able to be shown if it is re-enabled.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('disable'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('toggleEnabled')`
Toggles the ability for an element's tooltip to be shown or hidden.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('toggleEnabled'){% endhighlight %}
#### `.tooltip('update')`
Updates the position of an element's tooltip.
{% highlight js %}$('#element').tooltip('update'){% endhighlight %}
### Events
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired when the tooltip has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired when the tooltip has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>inserted.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired after the <code>show.bs.tooltip</code> event when the tooltip template has been added to the DOM.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myTooltip').on('hidden.bs.tooltip', function () {
// do something…
})
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Code
description: Documentation and examples for displaying inline and multiline blocks of code with Bootstrap.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Inline code
Wrap inline snippets of code with `<code>`. Be sure to escape HTML angle brackets.
{% example html %}
For example, <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> should be wrapped as inline.
{% endexample %}
## Code blocks
Use `<pre>`s for multiple lines of code. Once again, be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering. You may optionally add the `.pre-scrollable` class, which will set a max-height of 350px and provide a y-axis scrollbar.
{% example html %}
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And another line of sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
</code></pre>
{% endexample %}
## Variables
For indicating variables use the `<var>` tag.
{% example html %}
<var>y</var> = <var>m</var><var>x</var> + <var>b</var>
{% endexample %}
## User input
Use the `<kbd>` to indicate input that is typically entered via keyboard.
{% example html %}
To switch directories, type <kbd>cd</kbd> followed by the name of the directory.<br>
To edit settings, press <kbd><kbd>ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>,</kbd></kbd>
{% endexample %}
## Sample output
For indicating sample output from a program use the `<samp>` tag.
{% example html %}
<samp>This text is meant to be treated as sample output from a computer program.</samp>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Figures
description: Documentation and examples for displaying related images and text with the figure component in Bootstrap.
group: content
---
Anytime you need to display a piece of content—like an image with an optional caption, consider using a `<figure>`.
Use the included `.figure` , `.figure-img` and `.figure-caption` classes to provide some baseline styles for the HTML5 `<figure>` and `<figcaption>` elements. Images in figures have no explicit size, so be sure to add the `.img-fluid` class to your `<img>` to make it responsive.
{% example html %}
<figure class="figure">
<img data-src="holder.js/400x300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners in a figure.">
<figcaption class="figure-caption">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{% endexample %}
Aligning the figure's caption is easy with our [text utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/typography/#text-alignment).
{% example html %}
<figure class="figure">
<img data-src="holder.js/400x300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners in a figure.">
<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{% endexample %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Images
description: Documentation and examples for opting images into responsive behavior (so they never become larger than their parent elements) and add lightweight styles to them—all via classes.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Responsive images
Images in Bootstrap are made responsive with `.img-fluid`. `max-width: 100%;` and `height: auto;` are applied to the image so that it scales with the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px250" class="img-fluid" alt="Generic responsive image">
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="img-fluid" alt="Responsive image">
{% endhighlight %}
{% callout warning %}
#### SVG images and IE 10
In Internet Explorer 10, SVG images with `.img-fluid` are disproportionately sized. To fix this, add `width: 100% \9;` where necessary. This fix improperly sizes other image formats, so Bootstrap doesn't apply it automatically.
{% endcallout %}
## Image thumbnails
In addition to our [border-radius utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/borders/), you can use `.img-thumbnail` to give an image a rounded 1px border appearance.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<img data-src="holder.js/200x200" class="img-thumbnail" alt="A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera">
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail">
{% endhighlight %}
## Aligning images
Align images with the [helper float classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/responsive-helpers/#responsive-floats) or [text alignment classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/typography/#text-alignment). `block`-level images can be centered using [the `.mx-auto` margin utility class]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/#horizontal-centering).
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<img data-src="holder.js/200x200" class="rounded float-left" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners">
<img data-src="holder.js/200x200" class="rounded float-right" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners">
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="rounded float-left" alt="...">
<img src="..." class="rounded float-right" alt="...">
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<img data-src="holder.js/200x200" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners">
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="rounded mx-auto d-block" alt="...">
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<div class="text-center">
<img data-src="holder.js/200x200" class="rounded" alt="A generic square placeholder image with rounded corners">
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="text-center">
<img src="..." class="rounded" alt="...">
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Reboot
description: Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.
group: content
redirect_from: "/content/"
toc: true
---
## Approach
Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some `<table>` styles for a simpler baseline and later provide `.table`, `.table-bordered`, and more.
Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:
- Update some browser default values to use `rem`s instead of `em`s for scalable component spacing.
- Avoid `margin-top`. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of `margin` is a simpler mental model.
- For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use `rem`s for `margin`s.
- Keep declarations of `font`-related properties to a minimum, using `inherit` whenever possible.
## Page defaults
The `<html>` and `<body>` elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:
- The `box-sizing` is globally set on every element—including `*:before` and `*:after`, to `border-box`. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
- No base `font-size` is declared on the `<html>`, but `16px` is assumed (the browser default). `font-size: 1rem` is applied on the `<body>` for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach.
- The `<body>` also sets a global `font-family` and `line-height`. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.
- For safety, the `<body>` has a declared `background-color`, defaulting to `#fff`.
## Native font stack
The default web fonts (Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, and Arial) have been dropped in Bootstrap 4 and replaced with a "native font stack" for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. Read more about [native font stacks in this *Smashing Magazine* article](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/).
{% highlight sass %}
$font-family-sans-serif:
// Safari for OS X and iOS (San Francisco)
-apple-system,
// Chrome >= 56 for OS X (San Francisco), Windows, Linux and Android
system-ui,
// Chrome < 56 for OS X (San Francisco)
BlinkMacSystemFont,
// Windows
"Segoe UI",
// Android
"Roboto",
// Basic web fallback
"Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif !default;
{% endhighlight %}
This `font-family` is applied to the `<body>` and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global `font-family`, update `$font-family-base` and recompile Bootstrap.
## Headings and paragraphs
All heading elements—e.g., `<h1>`—and `<p>` are reset to have their `margin-top` removed. Headings have `margin-bottom: .5rem` added and paragraphs `margin-bottom: 1rem` for easy spacing.
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h1></h1>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h2></h2>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h3></h3>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h4></h4>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h5></h5>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h6></h6>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Lists
All lists—`<ul>`, `<ol>`, and `<dl>`—have their `margin-top` removed and a `margin-bottom: 1rem`. Nested lists have no `margin-bottom`.
<div class="bd-example">
{% markdown %}
* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
* Consectetur adipiscing elit
* Integer molestie lorem at massa
* Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
* Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
* Phasellus iaculis neque
* Purus sodales ultricies
* Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
* Ac tristique libero volutpat at
* Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
* Aenean sit amet erat nunc
* Eget porttitor lorem
1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
2. Consectetur adipiscing elit
3. Integer molestie lorem at massa
4. Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
5. Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
6. Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
7. Aenean sit amet erat nunc
8. Eget porttitor lorem
{% endmarkdown %}
</div>
For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated `margin`s. `<dd>`s reset `margin-left` to `0` and add `margin-bottom: .5rem`. `<dt>`s are **bolded**.
<div class="bd-example">
{% markdown %}
<dl>
<dt>Description lists</dt>
<dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt>Euismod</dt>
<dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
<dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
<dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
</dl>
{% endmarkdown %}
</div>
## Preformatted text
The `<pre>` element is reset to remove its `margin-top` and use `rem` units for its `margin-bottom`.
<div class="bd-example">
{% markdown %}
<pre>
.example-element {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
</pre>
{% endmarkdown %}
</div>
## Tables
Tables are slightly adjusted to style `<caption>`s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent `text-align` throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with [the `.table` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/content/tables/).
<div class="bd-example">
<table>
<caption>
This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
## Forms
Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:
- `<fieldset>`s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.
- `<legend>`s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.
- `<label>`s are set to `display: inline-block` to allow `margin` to be applied.
- `<input>`s, `<select>`s, `<textarea>`s, and `<button>`s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their `margin` and sets `line-height: inherit`, too.
- `<textarea>`s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often "breaks" page layout.
These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.
<form class="bd-example">
<fieldset>
<legend>Example legend</legend>
<p>
<label for="input">Example input</label>
<input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input">
</p>
<p>
<label for="select">Example select</label>
<select id="select">
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<optgroup label="Option group 1">
<option value="">Option 1</option>
<option value="">Option 2</option>
<option value="">Option 3</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Option group 2">
<option value="">Option 4</option>
<option value="">Option 5</option>
<option value="">Option 6</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="">
Check this checkbox
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked>
Option one is this and that
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2">
Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
Option three is disabled
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
<textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
</p>
<p>
<label for="time">Example temporal</label>
<input type="datetime-local" id="time">
</p>
<p>
<label for="output">Example output</label>
<output name="result" id="output">100</output>
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit">Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button">
<input type="button" value="Input button">
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit" disabled>Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled>
<input type="button" value="Input button" disabled>
</p>
</fieldset>
</form>
## Misc elements
### Address
The `<address>` element is updated to reset the browser default `font-style` from `italic` to `normal`. `line-height` is also now inherited, and `margin-bottom: 1rem` has been added. `<address>`s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with `<br>`.
<div class="bd-example">
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
1355 Market St, Suite 900<br>
San Francisco, CA 94103<br>
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href="mailto:#">first.last@example.com</a>
</address>
</div>
### Blockquote
The default `margin` on blockquotes is `1em 40px`, so we reset that to `0 0 1rem` for something more consistent with other elements.
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
### Inline elements
The `<abbr>` element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.
<div class="bd-example">
Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
</div>
## HTML5 `[hidden]` attribute
HTML5 adds [a new global attribute named `[hidden]`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden), which is styled as `display: none` by default. Borrowing an idea from [PureCSS](https://purecss.io), we improve upon this default by making `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` to help prevent its `display` from getting accidentally overridden. While `[hidden]` isn't natively supported by IE10, the explicit declaration in our CSS gets around that problem.
{% highlight html %}
<input type="text" hidden>
{% endhighlight %}
{% callout warning %}
#### jQuery incompatibility
`[hidden]` is not compatible with jQuery's `$(...).hide()` and `$(...).show()` methods. This could potentially change in jQuery 3, but we're not holding our breath. Therefore, we don't currently especially endorse `[hidden]` over other techniques for managing the `display` of elements.
{% endcallout %}
To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its `display` is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use [the `.invisible` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/invisible-content/) instead.
## Click delay optimization for touch
Traditionally, browsers on touchscreen devices have a delay of approximately 300ms between the end of a "tap" the moment when a finger/stylus is lifted from screen and the [`click` event](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events/click) being fired. This delay is necessary for these browsers to correctly handle "double-tap to zoom" gestures without prematurely triggering actions or links after the first "tap", but it can make your site feel slightly sluggish and unresponsive.
Most mobile browsers automatically optimize away this 300ms delay for sites that use the `width=device-width` property as part of their [responsive meta tag]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/introduction/#responsive-meta-tag) (as well as for sites that disable zooming, for instance with `user-scalable=no`, though this practice is strongly discouraged for accessibility and usability reasons). The biggest exceptions here are IE11 on Windows Phone 8.1, and iOS Safari (and any other iOS WebView-based browser) [prior to iOS 9.3](https://webkit.org/blog/5610/more-responsive-tapping-on-ios/).
On touch-enabled laptop/desktop devices, IE11 and Microsoft Edge are currently the only browsers with "double-tap to zoom" functionality. As the [responsive meta tag]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/introduction/#responsive-meta-tag) is ignored by all desktop browsers, using `width=device-width` will have no effect on the 300ms delay here.
To address this problem in IE11 and Microsoft Edge on desktop, as well as IE11 on Windows Phone 8.1, Bootstrap explicitly uses the [`touch-action:manipulation` CSS property](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/touch-action) on all interactive elements (such as buttons and links). This property essentially disables double-tap functionality on those elements, eliminating the 300ms delay.
In the case of old iOS versions (prior to 9.3), the suggested approach is to use additional scripts such as [FastClick](https://github.com/ftlabs/fastclick) to explicitly work around the delay.
For further details, see the compatibility table for [suppressing 300ms delay for touchscreen interactions](https://patrickhlauke.github.io/touch/tests/results/#suppressing-300ms-delay).
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---
layout: docs
title: Tables
description: Documentation and examples for opt-in styling of tables (given their prevelant use in JavaScript plugins) with Bootstrap.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Examples
Due to the widespread use of tables across third-party widgets like calendars and date pickers, we've designed our tables to be **opt-in**. Just add the base class `.table` to any `<table>`, then extend with custom styles or our various included modifier classes.
Using the most basic table markup, here's how `.table`-based tables look in Bootstrap. **All table styles are inherited in Bootstrap 4**, meaning any nested tables will be styled in the same manner as the parent.
{% example html %}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
You can also invert the colors—with light text on dark backgrounds—with `.table-inverse`.
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Table head options
Similar to default and inverse tables, use one of two modifier classes to make `<thead>`s appear light or dark gray.
{% example html %}
<table class="table">
<thead class="thead-inverse">
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="table">
<thead class="thead-default">
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Striped rows
Use `.table-striped` to add zebra-striping to any table row within the `<tbody>`.
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-striped table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Bordered table
Add `.table-bordered` for borders on all sides of the table and cells.
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@TwBootstrap</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">4</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-bordered table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@TwBootstrap</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">4</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Hoverable rows
Add `.table-hover` to enable a hover state on table rows within a `<tbody>`.
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-hover">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-hover table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Small table
Add `.table-sm` to make tables more compact by cutting cell padding in half.
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-sm">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
{% example html %}
<table class="table table-sm table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Username</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% endexample %}
## Contextual classes
Use contextual classes to color table rows or individual cells.
| Class | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `.table-active` | Applies the hover color to a particular row or cell |
| `.table-success` | Indicates a successful or positive action |
| `.table-info` | Indicates a neutral informative change or action |
| `.table-warning` | Indicates a warning that might need attention |
| `.table-danger` | Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action |
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-success">
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">4</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-info">
<th scope="row">5</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">6</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-warning">
<th scope="row">7</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">8</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-danger">
<th scope="row">9</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="table-active">...</tr>
<tr class="table-success">...</tr>
<tr class="table-info">...</tr>
<tr class="table-warning">...</tr>
<tr class="table-danger">...</tr>
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
<td class="table-active">...</td>
<td class="table-success">...</td>
<td class="table-info">...</td>
<td class="table-warning">...</td>
<td class="table-danger">...</td>
</tr>
{% endhighlight %}
Regular table background variants are not available with the inverse table, however, you may use [text or background utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/colors/) to achieve similar styles.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table table-inverse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
<th>Column heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="bg-primary">
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-success">
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">4</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-info">
<th scope="row">5</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">6</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-warning">
<th scope="row">7</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">8</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
<tr class="bg-danger">
<th scope="row">9</th>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
<td>Column content</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="bg-primary">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-success">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-warning">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-danger">...</tr>
<tr class="bg-info">...</tr>
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
<td class="bg-primary">...</td>
<td class="bg-success">...</td>
<td class="bg-warning">...</td>
<td class="bg-danger">...</td>
<td class="bg-info">...</td>
</tr>
{% endhighlight %}
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
## Responsive tables
Create responsive tables by adding `.table-responsive` to any `.table` to make them scroll horizontally on small devices (under 768px). When viewing on anything larger than 768px wide, you will not see any difference in these tables.
{% callout warning %}
#### Vertical clipping/truncation
Responsive tables make use of `overflow-y: hidden`, which clips off any content that goes beyond the bottom or top edges of the table. In particular, this can clip off dropdown menus and other third-party widgets.
{% endcallout %}
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="table table-bordered table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<table class="table table-responsive">
...
</table>
{% endhighlight %}
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---
layout: docs
title: Typography
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap typography, including global settings, headings, body text, lists, and more.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Global settings
Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. When more control is needed, check out the [textual utility classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/typography/).
- Use a [native font stack]({{ site.baseurl }}/content/reboot/#native-font-stack) that selects the best `font-family` for each OS and device.
- For a more inclusive and accessible type scale, we assume the browser default root `font-size` (typically 16px) so visitors can customize their browser defaults as needed.
- Use the `$font-family-base`, `$font-size-base`, and `$line-height-base` attributes as our typographic base applied to the `<body>`.
- Set the global link color via `$link-color` and apply link underlines only on `:hover`.
- Use `$body-bg` to set a `background-color` on the `<body>` (`#fff` by default).
These styles can be found within `_reboot.scss`, and the global variables are defined in `_variables.scss`.
## Headings
All HTML headings, `<h1>` through `<h6>`, are available.
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h1></h1>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h2></h2>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h3></h3>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h4></h4>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h5></h5>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{% markdown %}`<h6></h6>`{% endmarkdown %}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight html %}
<h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1>
<h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2>
<h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3>
<h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4>
<h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5>
<h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6>
{% endhighlight %}
`.h1` through `.h6` classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but cannot use the associated HTML element.
{% example html %}
<p class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</p>
{% endexample %}
### Customizing headings
Use the included utility classes to recreate the small secondary heading text from Bootstrap 3.
<div class="bd-example">
<span class="h3">
Fancy display heading
<small class="text-muted">With faded secondary text</small>
</span>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h3>
Fancy display heading
<small class="text-muted">With faded secondary text</small>
</h3>
{% endhighlight %}
## Display headings
Traditional heading elements are designed to work best in the meat of your page content. When you need a heading to stand out, consider using a **display heading**—a larger, slightly more opinionated heading style.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-type">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-1">Display 1</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-2">Display 2</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-3">Display 3</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-4">Display 4</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h1 class="display-1">Display 1</h1>
<h1 class="display-2">Display 2</h1>
<h1 class="display-3">Display 3</h1>
<h1 class="display-4">Display 4</h1>
{% endhighlight %}
## Lead
Make a paragraph stand out by adding `.lead`.
{% example html %}
<p class="lead">
Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.
</p>
{% endexample %}
## Inline text elements
Styling for common inline HTML5 elements.
{% example html %}
<p>You can use the mark tag to <mark>highlight</mark> text.</p>
<p><del>This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.</del></p>
<p><s>This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.</s></p>
<p><ins>This line of text is meant to be treated as an addition to the document.</ins></p>
<p><u>This line of text will render as underlined</u></p>
<p><small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small></p>
<p><strong>This line rendered as bold text.</strong></p>
<p><em>This line rendered as italicized text.</em></p>
{% endexample %}
`.mark` and `.small` classes are also available to apply the same styles as `<mark>` and `<small>` while avoiding any unwanted semantic implications that the tags would bring.
While not shown above, feel free to use `<b>` and `<i>` in HTML5. `<b>` is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while `<i>` is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.
## Text utilities
Change text alignment, transform, style, weight, and color with our [text utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/typography/#text-alignment).
## Abbreviations
Stylized implementation of HTML's `<abbr>` element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations have a default underline and gain a help cursor to provide additional context on hover and to users of assistive technologies.
Add `.initialism` to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.
{% example html %}
<p><abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr></p>
<p><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr></p>
{% endexample %}
## Blockquotes
For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document. Wrap `<blockquote class="blockquote">` around any <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> as the quote.
{% example html %}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
{% endexample %}
### Naming a source
Add a `<footer class="blockquote-footer">` for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in `<cite>`.
{% example html %}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{% endexample %}
### Reverse layout
Add `.blockquote-reverse` for a blockquote with right-aligned content.
{% example html %}
<blockquote class="blockquote blockquote-reverse">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{% endexample %}
## Lists
### Unstyled
Remove the default `list-style` and left margin on list items (immediate children only). **This only applies to immediate children list items**, meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Inline
Remove a list's bullets and apply some light `margin` with a combination of two classes, `.list-inline` and `.list-inline-item`.
{% example html %}
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item">Lorem ipsum</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Phasellus iaculis</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Nulla volutpat</li>
</ul>
{% endexample %}
### Description list alignment
Align terms and descriptions horizontally by using our grid system's predefined classes (or semantic mixins). For longer terms, you can optionally add a `.text-truncate` class to truncate the text with an ellipsis.
{% example html %}
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-3">Description lists</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Euismod</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.</dd>
<dd class="col-sm-9 offset-sm-3">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3 text-truncate">Truncated term is truncated</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Nesting</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-4">Nested definition list</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-8">Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
{% endexample %}
## Responsive typography
*Responsive typography* refers to scaling text and components by simply adjusting the root element's `font-size` within a series of media queries. Bootstrap doesn't do this for you, but it's fairly easy to add if you need it.
Here's an example of it in practice. Choose whatever `font-size`s and media queries you wish.
{% highlight scss %}
html {
font-size: 14px;
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
html {
font-size: 16px;
}
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(md) {
html {
font-size: 20px;
}
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) {
html {
font-size: 28px;
}
}
{% endhighlight %}
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body {
min-height: 75rem; /* Can be removed; just added for demo purposes */
}
.navbar {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.jumbotron {
padding-top: 6rem;
padding-bottom: 6rem;
margin-bottom: 0;
background-color: #fff;
}
.jumbotron p:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.jumbotron-heading {
font-weight: 300;
}
.jumbotron .container {
max-width: 40rem;
}
.album {
min-height: 50rem; /* Can be removed; just added for demo purposes */
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
}
.card {
float: left;
width: 33.333%;
padding: .75rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
border: 0;
}
.card > img {
margin-bottom: .75rem;
}
.card-text {
font-size: 85%;
}
footer {
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
}
footer p {
margin-bottom: .25rem;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Album example for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="album.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="collapse bg-inverse" id="navbarHeader">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 py-4">
<h4 class="text-white">About</h4>
<p class="text-muted">Add some information about the album below, the author, or any other background context. Make it a few sentences long so folks can pick up some informative tidbits. Then, link them off to some social networking sites or contact information.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 py-4">
<h4 class="text-white">Contact</h4>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Follow on Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Like on Facebook</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Email me</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<div class="container d-flex justify-content-between">
<a href="#" class="navbar-brand">Album</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarHeader" aria-controls="navbarHeader" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<section class="jumbotron text-center">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="jumbotron-heading">Album example</h1>
<p class="lead text-muted">Something short and leading about the collection below—its contents, the creator, etc. Make it short and sweet, but not too short so folks don't simply skip over it entirely.</p>
<p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Main call to action</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary action</a>
</p>
</div>
</section>
<div class="album text-muted">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<img data-src="holder.js/100px280/thumb" alt="Card image cap">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="text-muted">
<div class="container">
<p class="float-right">
<a href="#">Back to top</a>
</p>
<p>Album example is &copy; Bootstrap, but please download and customize it for yourself!</p>
<p>New to Bootstrap? <a href="../../">Visit the homepage</a> or read our <a href="../../getting-started/">getting started guide</a>.</p>
</div>
</footer>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
Holder.addTheme("thumb", { background: "#55595c", foreground: "#eceeef", text: "Thumbnail" });
});
</script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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/*
* Globals
*/
@media (min-width: 48em) {
html {
font-size: 18px;
}
}
body {
font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
color: #555;
}
h1, .h1,
h2, .h2,
h3, .h3,
h4, .h4,
h5, .h5,
h6, .h6 {
font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
color: #333;
}
/*
* Override Bootstrap's default container.
*/
.container {
max-width: 60rem;
}
/*
* Masthead for nav
*/
.blog-masthead {
margin-bottom: 3rem;
background-color: #428bca;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 -.1rem .25rem rgba(0,0,0,.1);
box-shadow: inset 0 -.1rem .25rem rgba(0,0,0,.1);
}
/* Nav links */
.nav-link {
position: relative;
padding: 1rem;
font-weight: 500;
color: #cdddeb;
}
.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link:focus {
color: #fff;
background-color: transparent;
}
/* Active state gets a caret at the bottom */
.nav-link.active {
color: #fff;
}
.nav-link.active:after {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 50%;
width: 0;
height: 0;
margin-left: -.3rem;
vertical-align: middle;
content: "";
border-right: .3rem solid transparent;
border-bottom: .3rem solid;
border-left: .3rem solid transparent;
}
/*
* Blog name and description
*/
.blog-header {
padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
border-bottom: .05rem solid #eee;
}
.blog-title {
margin-bottom: 0;
font-size: 2rem;
font-weight: normal;
}
.blog-description {
font-size: 1.1rem;
color: #999;
}
@media (min-width: 40em) {
.blog-title {
font-size: 3.5rem;
}
}
/*
* Main column and sidebar layout
*/
/* Sidebar modules for boxing content */
.sidebar-module {
padding: 1rem;
/*margin: 0 -1rem 1rem;*/
}
.sidebar-module-inset {
padding: 1rem;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
border-radius: .25rem;
}
.sidebar-module-inset p:last-child,
.sidebar-module-inset ul:last-child,
.sidebar-module-inset ol:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
/* Pagination */
.blog-pagination {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
.blog-pagination > .btn {
border-radius: 2rem;
}
/*
* Blog posts
*/
.blog-post {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
.blog-post-title {
margin-bottom: .25rem;
font-size: 2.5rem;
}
.blog-post-meta {
margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
color: #999;
}
/*
* Footer
*/
.blog-footer {
padding: 2.5rem 0;
color: #999;
text-align: center;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
border-top: .05rem solid #e5e5e5;
}
.blog-footer p:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Blog Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="blog.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="blog-masthead">
<div class="container">
<nav class="nav">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">New features</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Press</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">New hires</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<div class="blog-header">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="blog-title">The Bootstrap Blog</h1>
<p class="lead blog-description">An example blog template built with Bootstrap.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 blog-main">
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">Sample blog post</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">January 1, 2014 by <a href="#">Mark</a></p>
<p>This blog post shows a few different types of content that's supported and styled with Bootstrap. Basic typography, images, and code are all supported.</p>
<hr>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis <a href="#">dis parturient montes</a>, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Curabitur blandit tempus porttitor. <strong>Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis</strong> ornare vel eu leo. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<h3>Sub-heading</h3>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
<pre><code>Example code block</code></pre>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa.</p>
<h3>Sub-heading</h3>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<ul>
<li>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et.</li>
<li>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</li>
<li>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</li>
</ul>
<p>Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</p>
<ol>
<li>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</li>
<li>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</li>
<li>Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</li>
</ol>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">Another blog post</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">December 23, 2013 by <a href="#">Jacob</a></p>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis <a href="#">dis parturient montes</a>, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Curabitur blandit tempus porttitor. <strong>Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis</strong> ornare vel eu leo. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<p>Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">New feature</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">December 14, 2013 by <a href="#">Chris</a></p>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<ul>
<li>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et.</li>
<li>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</li>
<li>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</li>
</ul>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<p>Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<nav class="blog-pagination">
<a class="btn btn-outline-primary" href="#">Older</a>
<a class="btn btn-outline-secondary disabled" href="#">Newer</a>
</nav>
</div><!-- /.blog-main -->
<div class="col-sm-3 offset-sm-1 blog-sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset">
<h4>About</h4>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
</div>
<div class="sidebar-module">
<h4>Archives</h4>
<ol class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="#">March 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">February 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">January 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">December 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">November 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">October 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">September 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">August 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">July 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">June 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">May 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">April 2013</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="sidebar-module">
<h4>Elsewhere</h4>
<ol class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="#">GitHub</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Facebook</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
</div><!-- /.blog-sidebar -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container -->
<footer class="blog-footer">
<p>Blog template built for <a href="https://getbootstrap.com">Bootstrap</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/mdo">@mdo</a>.</p>
<p>
<a href="#">Back to top</a>
</p>
</footer>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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/* GLOBAL STYLES
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Padding below the footer and lighter body text */
body {
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
color: #5a5a5a;
}
/* CUSTOMIZE THE CAROUSEL
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Carousel base class */
.carousel {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
/* Since positioning the image, we need to help out the caption */
.carousel-caption {
z-index: 10;
bottom: 3rem;
}
/* Declare heights because of positioning of img element */
.carousel-item {
height: 32rem;
background-color: #777;
}
.carousel-item > img {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
min-width: 100%;
height: 32rem;
}
/* MARKETING CONTENT
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Center align the text within the three columns below the carousel */
.marketing .col-lg-4 {
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
}
.marketing h2 {
font-weight: normal;
}
.marketing .col-lg-4 p {
margin-right: .75rem;
margin-left: .75rem;
}
/* Featurettes
------------------------- */
.featurette-divider {
margin: 5rem 0; /* Space out the Bootstrap <hr> more */
}
/* Thin out the marketing headings */
.featurette-heading {
font-weight: 300;
line-height: 1;
letter-spacing: -.05rem;
}
/* RESPONSIVE CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
@media (min-width: 40em) {
/* Bump up size of carousel content */
.carousel-caption p {
margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
font-size: 1.25rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.featurette-heading {
font-size: 50px;
}
}
@media (min-width: 62em) {
.featurette-heading {
margin-top: 7rem;
}
}
+186
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Carousel Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="carousel.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse fixed-top bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Carousel</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline mt-2 mt-md-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div id="myCarousel" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img class="first-slide" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="First slide">
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block text-left">
<h1>Example headline.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Sign up today</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="second-slide" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="Second slide">
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h1>Another example headline.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Learn more</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
<img class="third-slide" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="Third slide">
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block text-right">
<h1>One more for good measure.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Browse gallery</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#myCarousel" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#myCarousel" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
<!-- Marketing messaging and featurettes
================================================== -->
<!-- Wrap the rest of the page in another container to center all the content. -->
<div class="container marketing">
<!-- Three columns of text below the carousel -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-4">
<img class="rounded-circle" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="Generic placeholder image" width="140" height="140">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros. Praesent commodo cursus magna.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
<div class="col-lg-4">
<img class="rounded-circle" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="Generic placeholder image" width="140" height="140">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
<div class="col-lg-4">
<img class="rounded-circle" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" alt="Generic placeholder image" width="140" height="140">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
<!-- START THE FEATURETTES -->
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">First featurette heading. <span class="text-muted">It'll blow your mind.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
<img class="featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" data-src="holder.js/500x500/auto" alt="Generic placeholder image">
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7 push-md-5">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">Oh yeah, it's that good. <span class="text-muted">See for yourself.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5 pull-md-7">
<img class="featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" data-src="holder.js/500x500/auto" alt="Generic placeholder image">
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">And lastly, this one. <span class="text-muted">Checkmate.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
<img class="featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" data-src="holder.js/500x500/auto" alt="Generic placeholder image">
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<!-- /END THE FEATURETTES -->
<!-- FOOTER -->
<footer>
<p class="float-right"><a href="#">Back to top</a></p>
<p>&copy; 2017 Company, Inc. &middot; <a href="#">Privacy</a> &middot; <a href="#">Terms</a></p>
</footer>
</div><!-- /.container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- Just to make our placeholder images work. Don't actually copy the next line! -->
<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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/*
* Globals
*/
/* Links */
a,
a:focus,
a:hover {
color: #fff;
}
/* Custom default button */
.btn-secondary,
.btn-secondary:hover,
.btn-secondary:focus {
color: #333;
text-shadow: none; /* Prevent inheritance from `body` */
background-color: #fff;
border: .05rem solid #fff;
}
/*
* Base structure
*/
html,
body {
height: 100%;
background-color: #333;
}
body {
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
text-shadow: 0 .05rem .1rem rgba(0,0,0,.5);
}
/* Extra markup and styles for table-esque vertical and horizontal centering */
.site-wrapper {
display: table;
width: 100%;
height: 100%; /* For at least Firefox */
min-height: 100%;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 5rem rgba(0,0,0,.5);
box-shadow: inset 0 0 5rem rgba(0,0,0,.5);
}
.site-wrapper-inner {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: top;
}
.cover-container {
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
}
/* Padding for spacing */
.inner {
padding: 2rem;
}
/*
* Header
*/
.masthead {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.masthead-brand {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.nav-masthead .nav-link {
padding: .25rem 0;
font-weight: bold;
color: rgba(255,255,255,.5);
background-color: transparent;
border-bottom: .25rem solid transparent;
}
.nav-masthead .nav-link:hover,
.nav-masthead .nav-link:focus {
border-bottom-color: rgba(255,255,255,.25);
}
.nav-masthead .nav-link + .nav-link {
margin-left: 1rem;
}
.nav-masthead .active {
color: #fff;
border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
@media (min-width: 48em) {
.masthead-brand {
float: left;
}
.nav-masthead {
float: right;
}
}
/*
* Cover
*/
.cover {
padding: 0 1.5rem;
}
.cover .btn-lg {
padding: .75rem 1.25rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
/*
* Footer
*/
.mastfoot {
color: rgba(255,255,255,.5);
}
/*
* Affix and center
*/
@media (min-width: 40em) {
/* Pull out the header and footer */
.masthead {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
}
.mastfoot {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
}
/* Start the vertical centering */
.site-wrapper-inner {
vertical-align: middle;
}
/* Handle the widths */
.masthead,
.mastfoot,
.cover-container {
width: 100%; /* Must be percentage or pixels for horizontal alignment */
}
}
@media (min-width: 62em) {
.masthead,
.mastfoot,
.cover-container {
width: 42rem;
}
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Cover Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="cover.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="site-wrapper">
<div class="site-wrapper-inner">
<div class="cover-container">
<div class="masthead clearfix">
<div class="inner">
<h3 class="masthead-brand">Cover</h3>
<nav class="nav nav-masthead">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Contact</a>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<div class="inner cover">
<h1 class="cover-heading">Cover your page.</h1>
<p class="lead">Cover is a one-page template for building simple and beautiful home pages. Download, edit the text, and add your own fullscreen background photo to make it your own.</p>
<p class="lead">
<a href="#" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary">Learn more</a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="mastfoot">
<div class="inner">
<p>Cover template for <a href="https://getbootstrap.com">Bootstrap</a>, by <a href="https://twitter.com/mdo">@mdo</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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/*
* Base structure
*/
/* Move down content because we have a fixed navbar that is 3.5rem tall */
body {
padding-top: 3.5rem;
}
/*
* Typography
*/
h1 {
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding-bottom: 9px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
/*
* Sidebar
*/
.sidebar {
position: fixed;
top: 51px;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 1000;
padding: 20px;
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto; /* Scrollable contents if viewport is shorter than content. */
border-right: 1px solid #eee;
}
/* Sidebar navigation */
.sidebar {
padding-left: 0;
padding-right: 0;
}
.sidebar .nav {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.sidebar .nav-item {
width: 100%;
}
.sidebar .nav-item + .nav-item {
margin-left: 0;
}
.sidebar .nav-link {
border-radius: 0;
}
/*
* Dashboard
*/
/* Placeholders */
.placeholders {
padding-bottom: 3rem;
}
.placeholder img {
padding-top: 1.5rem;
padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="dashboard.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse fixed-top bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Dashboard</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler d-lg-none" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleDefault" aria-controls="navbarsExampleDefault" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Settings</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Help</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline mt-2 mt-md-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<nav class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 d-none d-sm-block bg-faded sidebar">
<ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Overview <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Reports</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Analytics</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Export</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Nav item</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Nav item again</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">One more nav</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Another nav item</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Nav item again</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">One more nav</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Another nav item</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<main class="col-sm-9 offset-sm-3 col-md-10 offset-md-2 pt-3" role="main">
<h1>Dashboard</h1>
<section class="row text-center placeholders">
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
<img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAAJ12AAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" width="200" height="200" class="img-fluid rounded-circle" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
<h4>Label</h4>
<div class="text-muted">Something else</div>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
<img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAADcgwAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" width="200" height="200" class="img-fluid rounded-circle" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
<h4>Label</h4>
<span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
<img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAAJ12AAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" width="200" height="200" class="img-fluid rounded-circle" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
<h4>Label</h4>
<span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
<img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIABAADcgwAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" width="200" height="200" class="img-fluid rounded-circle" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
<h4>Label</h4>
<span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
</div>
</section>
<h2>Section title</h2>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1,001</td>
<td>Lorem</td>
<td>ipsum</td>
<td>dolor</td>
<td>sit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,002</td>
<td>amet</td>
<td>consectetur</td>
<td>adipiscing</td>
<td>elit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,003</td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>nec</td>
<td>odio</td>
<td>Praesent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,003</td>
<td>libero</td>
<td>Sed</td>
<td>cursus</td>
<td>ante</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,004</td>
<td>dapibus</td>
<td>diam</td>
<td>Sed</td>
<td>nisi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,005</td>
<td>Nulla</td>
<td>quis</td>
<td>sem</td>
<td>at</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,006</td>
<td>nibh</td>
<td>elementum</td>
<td>imperdiet</td>
<td>Duis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,007</td>
<td>sagittis</td>
<td>ipsum</td>
<td>Praesent</td>
<td>mauris</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,008</td>
<td>Fusce</td>
<td>nec</td>
<td>tellus</td>
<td>sed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,009</td>
<td>augue</td>
<td>semper</td>
<td>porta</td>
<td>Mauris</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,010</td>
<td>massa</td>
<td>Vestibulum</td>
<td>lacinia</td>
<td>arcu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,011</td>
<td>eget</td>
<td>nulla</td>
<td>Class</td>
<td>aptent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,012</td>
<td>taciti</td>
<td>sociosqu</td>
<td>ad</td>
<td>litora</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,013</td>
<td>torquent</td>
<td>per</td>
<td>conubia</td>
<td>nostra</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,014</td>
<td>per</td>
<td>inceptos</td>
<td>himenaeos</td>
<td>Curabitur</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,015</td>
<td>sodales</td>
<td>ligula</td>
<td>in</td>
<td>libero</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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body {
padding-top: 2rem;
padding-bottom: 2rem;
}
h3 {
margin-top: 2rem;
}
.row {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.row .row {
margin-top: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
[class*="col-"] {
padding-top: 1rem;
padding-bottom: 1rem;
background-color: rgba(86,61,124,.15);
border: 1px solid rgba(86,61,124,.2);
}
hr {
margin-top: 2rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Grid Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="grid.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Bootstrap grid examples</h1>
<p class="lead">Basic grid layouts to get you familiar with building within the Bootstrap grid system.</p>
<h3>Five grid tiers</h3>
<p>There are five tiers to the Bootstrap grid system, one for each range of devices we support. Each tier starts at a minimum viewport size and automatically applies to the larger devices unless overridden.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">.col-4</div>
<div class="col-4">.col-4</div>
<div class="col-4">.col-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-4">.col-lg-4</div>
<div class="col-lg-4">.col-lg-4</div>
<div class="col-lg-4">.col-lg-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xl-4">.col-xl-4</div>
<div class="col-xl-4">.col-xl-4</div>
<div class="col-xl-4">.col-xl-4</div>
</div>
<h3>Three equal columns</h3>
<p>Get three equal-width columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>. On mobile devices, tablets and below, the columns will automatically stack.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<h3>Three unequal columns</h3>
<p>Get three columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong> of various widths. Remember, grid columns should add up to twelve for a single horizontal block. More than that, and columns start stacking no matter the viewport.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3">.col-md-3</div>
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-3">.col-md-3</div>
</div>
<h3>Two columns</h3>
<p>Get two columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<h3>Full width, single column</h3>
<p class="text-warning">No grid classes are necessary for full-width elements.</p>
<hr>
<h3>Two columns with two nested columns</h3>
<p>Per the documentation, nesting is easy—just put a row of columns within an existing column. This gives you two columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>, with another two (equal widths) within the larger column.</p>
<p>At mobile device sizes, tablets and down, these columns and their nested columns will stack.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">
.col-md-8
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<hr>
<h3>Mixed: mobile and desktop</h3>
<p>The Bootstrap v4 grid system has five tiers of classes: xs (extra small), sm (small), md (medium), lg (large), and xl (extra large). You can use nearly any combination of these classes to create more dynamic and flexible layouts.</p>
<p>Each tier of classes scales up, meaning if you plan on setting the same widths for xs and sm, you only need to specify xs.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-md-8">.col-12 .col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6">.col-6</div>
<div class="col-6">.col-6</div>
</div>
<hr>
<h3>Mixed: mobile, tablet, and desktop</h3>
<p></p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-8">.col-12 .col-sm-6 .col-lg-8</div>
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">.col-6 .col-lg-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>
<hr>
<h3>Column clearing</h3>
<p><a href="../../layout/grid/#example-responsive-column-resets">Clear floats</a> at specific breakpoints to prevent awkward wrapping with uneven content.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3">
.col-6 .col-sm-3
<br>
Resize your viewport or check it out on your phone for an example.
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<!-- Add the extra clearfix for only the required viewport -->
<div class="clearfix d-sm-none"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div>
</div>
<hr>
<h3>Offset, push, and pull resets</h3>
<p>Reset offsets, pushes, and pulls at specific breakpoints.</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-5 col-md-6">.col-sm-5 .col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-sm-5 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-0">.col-sm-5 .offset-sm-2 .col-md-6 .offset-md-0</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-lg-6">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 offset-md-2 col-lg-6 offset-lg-0">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .offset-md-2 .col-lg-6 .offset-lg-0</div>
</div>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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---
layout: simple
title: Examples
---
[Download the Bootstrap source code]({{ site.download.source }}) to snag these examples.
## Framework
Examples that focus on implementing uses of built-in components provided by Bootstrap.
<div class="row bd-examples">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/starter-template/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/starter-template.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Starter template</h4>
<p>Nothing but the basics: compiled CSS and JavaScript.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/grid/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/grid.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Grids</h4>
<p>Multiple examples of grid layouts with all four tiers, nesting, and more.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/jumbotron/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/jumbotron.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Jumbotron</h4>
<p>Build around the jumbotron with a navbar and some basic grid columns.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/narrow-jumbotron/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/jumbotron-narrow.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Narrow jumbotron</h4>
<p>Build a more custom page by narrowing the default container and jumbotron.</p>
</div>
</div>
## Navbars
Taking the default navbar component and showing how it can be moved, placed, and extended.
<div class="row bd-examples">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/navbars/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/navbar.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Navbar</h4>
<p>Super basic template that includes the navbar along with some additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/navbar-top/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/navbar-static.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Static top navbar</h4>
<p>Super basic template with a static top navbar along with some additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/navbar-top-fixed/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/navbar-fixed.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Fixed navbar</h4>
<p>Super basic template with a fixed top navbar along with some additional content.</p>
</div>
</div>
## Custom components
Brand new components and templates to help folks quickly get started with Bootstrap and demonstrate best practices for adding onto the framework.
<div class="row bd-examples">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/album/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/album.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Album</h4>
<p>Simple one-page template for photo galleries, portfolios, and more.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/cover/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/cover.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Cover</h4>
<p>A one-page template for building simple and beautiful home pages.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/carousel/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/carousel.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Carousel</h4>
<p>Customize the navbar and carousel, then add some new components.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/blog/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/blog.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Blog</h4>
<p>Simple two-column blog layout with custom navigation, header, and type.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/dashboard/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/dashboard.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Dashboard</h4>
<p>Basic admin dashboard shell with fixed sidebar and navbar.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/signin/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/sign-in.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Sign-in page</h4>
<p>Custom form layout and design for a simple sign in form.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/justified-nav/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/justified-nav.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Justified nav</h4>
<p>Create a custom navbar with justified links. Heads up! Not too Safari friendly.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/sticky-footer/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/sticky-footer.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Sticky footer</h4>
<p>Attach a footer to the bottom of the viewport when the content is shorter than it.</p>
</div>
<div class="clearfix hidden-md-up"></div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/sticky-footer-navbar/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/sticky-footer-navbar.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Sticky footer w/ navbar</h4>
<p>Attach a footer to the bottom of the viewport with a fixed top navbar.</p>
</div>
</div>
## Experiments
Examples that focus on future-friendly features or techniques.
<div class="row bd-examples">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">
<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/offcanvas/">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="{{ site.baseurl }}/examples/screenshots/offcanvas.jpg" alt="">
</a>
<h4>Offcanvas</h4>
<p>Build a toggleable off-canvas navigation menu for use with Bootstrap.</p>
</div>
</div>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Jumbotron Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="jumbotron.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse fixed-top bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleDefault" aria-controls="navbarsExampleDefault" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- Main jumbotron for a primary marketing message or call to action -->
<div class="jumbotron">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="display-3">Hello, world!</h1>
<p>This is a template for a simple marketing or informational website. It includes a large callout called a jumbotron and three supporting pieces of content. Use it as a starting point to create something more unique.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" href="#" role="button">Learn more &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<!-- Example row of columns -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<footer>
<p>&copy; Company 2017</p>
</footer>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
/* Move down content because we have a fixed navbar that is 3.5rem tall */
body {
padding-top: 3.5rem;
}
+104
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Justified Nav Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="justified-nav.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="masthead">
<h3 class="text-muted">Project name</h3>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-light bg-faded rounded mb-3">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav text-md-center nav-justified w-100">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Projects</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Services</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Downloads</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<!-- Jumbotron -->
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1>Marketing stuff!</h1>
<p class="lead">Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-success" href="#" role="button">Get started today</a></p>
</div>
<!-- Example row of columns -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Site footer -->
<footer class="footer">
<p>&copy; Company 2017</p>
</footer>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
body {
padding-top: 20px;
}
.footer {
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
margin-top: 40px;
border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}
/* Main marketing message and sign up button */
.jumbotron {
text-align: center;
background-color: transparent;
}
.jumbotron .btn {
padding: 14px 24px;
font-size: 21px;
}
.navbar {
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#f7f7f7),to(#eee));
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f7f7f7 0%,#eee 100%);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #f7f7f7 0%,#eee 100%);
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #f7f7f7 0%,#eee 100%);
border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.navbar-nav {
display: -webkit-box;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: flex;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item {
-webkit-box-flex: 1;
-webkit-flex: 1 0 auto;
-ms-flex: 1 0 auto;
flex: 1 0 auto;
}
}
/* Responsive: Portrait tablets and up */
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
/* Remove the padding we set earlier */
.masthead,
.marketing,
.footer {
padding-right: 0;
padding-left: 0;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Narrow Jumbotron Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="narrow-jumbotron.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="header clearfix">
<nav>
<ul class="nav nav-pills float-right">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<h3 class="text-muted">Project name</h3>
</div>
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1 class="display-3">Jumbotron heading</h1>
<p class="lead">Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-success" href="#" role="button">Sign up today</a></p>
</div>
<div class="row marketing">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas faucibus mollis interdum.</p>
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6">
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas faucibus mollis interdum.</p>
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<h4>Subheading</h4>
<p>Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</p>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
<p>&copy; Company 2017</p>
</footer>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
/* Space out content a bit */
body {
padding-top: 1.5rem;
padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
/* Everything but the jumbotron gets side spacing for mobile first views */
.header,
.marketing,
.footer {
padding-right: 1rem;
padding-left: 1rem;
}
/* Custom page header */
.header {
padding-bottom: 1rem;
border-bottom: .05rem solid #e5e5e5;
}
/* Make the masthead heading the same height as the navigation */
.header h3 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
line-height: 3rem;
}
/* Custom page footer */
.footer {
padding-top: 1.5rem;
color: #777;
border-top: .05rem solid #e5e5e5;
}
/* Customize container */
@media (min-width: 48em) {
.container {
max-width: 46rem;
}
}
.container-narrow > hr {
margin: 2rem 0;
}
/* Main marketing message and sign up button */
.jumbotron {
text-align: center;
border-bottom: .05rem solid #e5e5e5;
}
.jumbotron .btn {
padding: .75rem 1.5rem;
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
/* Supporting marketing content */
.marketing {
margin: 3rem 0;
}
.marketing p + h4 {
margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
/* Responsive: Portrait tablets and up */
@media screen and (min-width: 48em) {
/* Remove the padding we set earlier */
.header,
.marketing,
.footer {
padding-right: 0;
padding-left: 0;
}
/* Space out the masthead */
.header {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
/* Remove the bottom border on the jumbotron for visual effect */
.jumbotron {
border-bottom: 0;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Fixed top navbar example for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="navbar-top-fixed.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse fixed-top bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline mt-2 mt-md-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1>Navbar example</h1>
<p class="lead">This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how fixed to top navbar works. As you scroll, it will remain fixed to the top of your browser's viewport.</p>
<a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="../../components/navbar/" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
/* Show it is fixed to the top */
body {
min-height: 75rem;
padding-top: 4.5rem;
}
+64
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Top navbar example for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="navbar-top.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse bg-inverse mb-4">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Top navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline mt-2 mt-md-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1>Navbar example</h1>
<p class="lead">This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how the top-aligned navbar works. As you scroll, this navbar remains in its original position and moves with the rest of the page.</p>
<a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="../../components/navbar/" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
/* Show it's not fixed to the top */
body {
min-height: 75rem;
}
+359
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Navbar Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="navbar.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Never expand</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample01" aria-controls="navbarsExample01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample01">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample02" aria-controls="navbarsExample02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown02" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown02">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at sm</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample03" aria-controls="navbarsExample03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown03" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown03">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at md</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample04" aria-controls="navbarsExample04" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample04">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown04" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown04">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at lg</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample05" aria-controls="navbarsExample05" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample05">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown05" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown05">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-xl navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at xl</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample06" aria-controls="navbarsExample06" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample06">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown06" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown06">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Container</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample07" aria-controls="navbarsExample07" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample07">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown07" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown07">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample08" aria-controls="navbarsExample08" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-md-center" id="navbarsExample08">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Centered nav only <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown08" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown08">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded rounded">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample09" aria-controls="navbarsExample09" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample09">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown09" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown09">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-md-0">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-faded rounded">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample10" aria-controls="navbarsExample10" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-md-center" id="navbarsExample10">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Centered nav only <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown10" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown10">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="jumbotron">
<div class="col-sm-8 mx-auto">
<h1>Navbar examples</h1>
<p>This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how the navbar and its contents work. Some navbars extend the width of the viewport, others are confined within a <code>.container</code>. For positioning of navbars, checkout the <a href="../navbar-top/">top</a> and <a href="../navbar-top-fixed/">fixed top</a> examples.</p>
<p>At the smallest breakpoint, the collapse plugin is used to hide the links and show a menu button to toggle the collapsed content.</p>
<p>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="../../components/navbar/" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
+8
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body {
/*padding-top: 20px;*/
padding-bottom: 20px;
}
.navbar {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
+136
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@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Off Canvas Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="offcanvas.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md fixed-top navbar-inverse bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleDefault" aria-controls="navbarsExampleDefault" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-offcanvas row-offcanvas-right">
<div class="col-12 col-md-9">
<p class="float-right d-md-none">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm" data-toggle="offcanvas">Toggle nav</button>
</p>
<div class="jumbotron">
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<p>This is an example to show the potential of an offcanvas layout pattern in Bootstrap. Try some responsive-range viewport sizes to see it in action.</p>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4">
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Donec sed odio dui. </p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!--/span-->
</div><!--/row-->
</div><!--/span-->
<div class="col-6 col-md-3 sidebar-offcanvas" id="sidebar">
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item active">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item">Link</a>
</div>
</div><!--/span-->
</div><!--/row-->
<hr>
<footer>
<p>&copy; Company 2017</p>
</footer>
</div><!--/.container-->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
<script src="offcanvas.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
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/*
* Style tweaks
* --------------------------------------------------
*/
html,
body {
overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent scroll on narrow devices */
}
body {
padding-top: 70px;
}
footer {
padding: 30px 0;
}
/*
* Off Canvas
* --------------------------------------------------
*/
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
.row-offcanvas {
position: relative;
-webkit-transition: all .25s ease-out;
-o-transition: all .25s ease-out;
transition: all .25s ease-out;
}
.row-offcanvas-right {
right: 0;
}
.row-offcanvas-left {
left: 0;
}
.row-offcanvas-right
.sidebar-offcanvas {
right: -100%; /* 12 columns */
}
.row-offcanvas-right.active
.sidebar-offcanvas {
right: -50%; /* 6 columns */
}
.row-offcanvas-left
.sidebar-offcanvas {
left: -100%; /* 12 columns */
}
.row-offcanvas-left.active
.sidebar-offcanvas {
left: -50%; /* 6 columns */
}
.row-offcanvas-right.active {
right: 50%; /* 6 columns */
}
.row-offcanvas-left.active {
left: 50%; /* 6 columns */
}
.sidebar-offcanvas {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
width: 50%; /* 6 columns */
}
}
+5
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$(document).ready(function () {
$('[data-toggle="offcanvas"]').click(function () {
$('.row-offcanvas').toggleClass('active')
});
});
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+46
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="signin.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<form class="form-signin">
<h2 class="form-signin-heading">Please sign in</h2>
<label for="inputEmail" class="sr-only">Email address</label>
<input type="email" id="inputEmail" class="form-control" placeholder="Email address" required autofocus>
<label for="inputPassword" class="sr-only">Password</label>
<input type="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button>
</form>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
+39
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body {
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
background-color: #eee;
}
.form-signin {
max-width: 330px;
padding: 15px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.form-signin .form-signin-heading,
.form-signin .checkbox {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.form-signin .checkbox {
font-weight: normal;
}
.form-signin .form-control {
position: relative;
height: auto;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.form-signin .form-control:focus {
z-index: 2;
}
.form-signin input[type="email"] {
margin-bottom: -1px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.form-signin input[type="password"] {
margin-bottom: 10px;
border-top-left-radius: 0;
border-top-right-radius: 0;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Starter Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="starter-template.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse bg-inverse fixed-top">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleDefault" aria-controls="navbarsExampleDefault" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="http://example.com" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div class="starter-template">
<h1>Bootstrap starter template</h1>
<p class="lead">Use this document as a way to quickly start any new project.<br> All you get is this text and a mostly barebones HTML document.</p>
</div>
</div><!-- /.container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
body {
padding-top: 5rem;
}
.starter-template {
padding: 3rem 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Sticky Footer Navbar Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="sticky-footer-navbar.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<!-- Fixed navbar -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-inverse fixed-top bg-inverse">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline mt-2 mt-md-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- Begin page content -->
<div class="container">
<div class="mt-3">
<h1>Sticky footer with fixed navbar</h1>
</div>
<p class="lead">Pin a fixed-height footer to the bottom of the viewport in desktop browsers with this custom HTML and CSS. A fixed navbar has been added with <code>padding-top: 60px;</code> on the <code>body &gt; .container</code>.</p>
<p>Back to <a href="../sticky-footer">the default sticky footer</a> minus the navbar.</p>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
<div class="container">
<span class="text-muted">Place sticky footer content here.</span>
</div>
</footer>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
/* Sticky footer styles
-------------------------------------------------- */
html {
position: relative;
min-height: 100%;
}
body {
/* Margin bottom by footer height */
margin-bottom: 60px;
}
.footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px; /* Vertically center the text there */
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
/* Custom page CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Not required for template or sticky footer method. */
body > .container {
padding: 60px 15px 0;
}
.footer > .container {
padding-right: 15px;
padding-left: 15px;
}
code {
font-size: 80%;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Sticky Footer Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="sticky-footer.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<!-- Begin page content -->
<div class="container">
<div class="mt-1">
<h1>Sticky footer</h1>
</div>
<p class="lead">Pin a fixed-height footer to the bottom of the viewport in desktop browsers with this custom HTML and CSS.</p>
<p>Use <a href="../sticky-footer-navbar">the sticky footer with a fixed navbar</a> if need be, too.</p>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
<div class="container">
<span class="text-muted">Place sticky footer content here.</span>
</div>
</footer>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
/* Sticky footer styles
-------------------------------------------------- */
html {
position: relative;
min-height: 100%;
}
body {
/* Margin bottom by footer height */
margin-bottom: 60px;
}
.footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px; /* Vertically center the text there */
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
/* Custom page CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Not required for template or sticky footer method. */
.container {
width: auto;
max-width: 680px;
padding: 0 15px;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Tooltip Viewport Example for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="tooltip-viewport.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<button class="btn btn-secondary float-right tooltip-bottom" title="This should be shifted to the left">Shift Left</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-bottom" title="This should be shifted to the right">Shift Right</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-right" title="This should be shifted down">Shift Down</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-right btn-bottom" title="This should be shifted up">Shift Up</button>
<div class="container-viewport">
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-viewport-bottom" title="This should be shifted to the left">Shift Left</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-viewport-right" title="This should be shifted down">Shift Down</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary float-right tooltip-viewport-bottom" title="This should be shifted to the right">Shift Right</button>
<button class="btn btn-secondary tooltip-viewport-right btn-bottom" title="This should be shifted up">Shift Up</button>
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.9.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha256-c477vRLKQv1jt9o7w6TTBzFyFznTaZjoMLTDFi7Hlxc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
<script src="tooltip-viewport.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
body {
height: 1200px;
}
.tooltip {
min-width: 250px;
max-width: 500px;
}
.tooltip .tooltip-inner {
min-width: 250px;
max-width: 500px;
min-height: 100px;
text-align: left;
}
.container-viewport {
position: absolute;
top: 100px;
right: 250px;
left: 250px;
height: 300px;
background-color: #eee;
}
.btn-bottom {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
$(document).ready(function () {
$('.tooltip-right').tooltip({
placement: 'right',
viewport: {selector: 'body', padding: 2}
})
$('.tooltip-bottom').tooltip({
placement: 'bottom',
viewport: {selector: 'body', padding: 2}
})
$('.tooltip-viewport-right').tooltip({
placement: 'right',
viewport: {selector: '.container-viewport', padding: 2}
})
$('.tooltip-viewport-bottom').tooltip({
placement: 'bottom',
viewport: {selector: '.container-viewport', padding: 2}
})
})
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---
layout: docs
title: Approach
---
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---
layout: docs
title: Icons
description: Guidance and suggestions for using external icon libraries with Bootstrap.
group: extend
---
Bootstrap doesn't include an icon library by default, but we have a handful of recommendations for you to choose from. While most icon sets include multiple file formats, we prefer SVG implementations for their improved accessibility and vector support.
## Preferred
We've tested and used these icon sets ourselves.
- [Iconic](https://useiconic.com/open/)
- [Octicons](https://octicons.github.com/)
- [Entypo](http://www.entypo.com/)
## More options
While we haven't tried these out, they do look promising and provide multiple formats—including SVG.
- [Google Material icons](https://material.io/icons/)
- [Ionicons](http://ionicons.com/)
- [Feather](http://colebemis.com/feather/)
- [Dripicons](http://demo.amitjakhu.com/dripicons/)
- [Ikons](http://ikons.piotrkwiatkowski.co.uk/)
- [Glyph](http://glyph.smarticons.co/)
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---
layout: docs
title: Extend
---
todo: this entire page
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---
layout: docs
title: Accessibility
description: A brief overview of Bootstrap's features and limitations for the creation of accessible content.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
Bootstrap provides an easy-to-use framework of ready-made styles, layout tools, and interactive components, allowing developers to create web sites and applications that are visually appealing, functionally rich, and accessible out of the box.
## Overview and limitations
The overall accessibility of any project built with Bootstrap depends in large part on the author's markup, additional styling, and scripting they've included. However, provided that these have been implemented correctly, it should be perfectly possible to create web sites and applications with Bootstrap that fulfill [<abbr title="Web Content Accessibility Guidelines">WCAG</abbr> 2.0](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/) (A/AA/AAA), [Section 508](https://www.section508.gov/) and similar accessibility standards and requirements.
### Structural markup
Bootstrap's styling and layout can be applied to a wide range of markup structures. This documentation aims to provide developers with best practice examples to demonstrate the use of Bootstrap itself and illustrate appropriate semantic markup, including ways in which potential accessibility concerns can be addressed.
### Interactive components
Bootstrap's interactive components—such as modal dialogs, dropdown menus and custom tooltips—are designed to work for touch, mouse and keyboard users. Through the use of relevant [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr>](https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/aria) roles and attributes, these components should also be understandable and operable using assistive technologies (such as screen readers).
Because Bootstrap's components are purposely designed to be fairly generic, authors may need to include further <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> roles and attributes, as well as JavaScript behavior, to more accurately convey the precise nature and functionality of their component. This is usually noted in the documentation.
### Color contrast
Most colors that currently make up Bootstrap's default palette—used throughout the framework for things such as button variations, alert variations, form validation indicators—lead to *insufficient* color contrast (below the recommended [WCAG 2.0 color contrast ratio of 4.5:1](https://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-contrast.html)) when used against a light background. Authors will need to manually modify/extend these default colors to ensure adequate color contrast ratios.
### Visually hidden content
Content which should be visually hidden, but remain accessible to assistive technologies such as screen readers, can be styled using the `.sr-only` class. This can be useful in situations where additional visual information or cues (such as meaning denoted through the use of color) need to also be conveyed to non-visual users.
{% highlight html %}
<p class="text-danger">
<span class=".sr-only">Danger: </span>
This action is not reversible
</p>
{% endhighlight %}
For visually hidden interactive controls, such as traditional "skip" links, `.sr-only` can be combined with the `.sr-only-focusable` class. This will ensure that the control becomes visible once focused (for sighted keyboard users).
{% highlight html %}
<a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable" href="#content">Skip to main content</a>
{% endhighlight %}
## Additional resources
- [Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/)
- [The A11Y Project](http://a11yproject.com/)
- [MDN accessibility documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility)
- [Tenon.io Accessibility Checker](https://tenon.io/)
- [Colour Contrast Analyser (CCA)](https://www.paciellogroup.com/resources/contrastanalyser/)
- ["HTML Codesniffer" bookmarklet for identifying accessibility issues](https://github.com/squizlabs/HTML_CodeSniffer)
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Best practices
description: Learn about some of the best practices we've gathered from years of working on and using Bootstrap.
group: getting-started
---
We've designed and developed Bootstrap to work in a number of environments. Here are some of the best practices we've gathered from years of working on and using it ourselves.
{% callout info %}
**Heads up!** This copy is a work in progress.
{% endcallout %}
### General outline
- Working with CSS
- Working with Sass files
- Building new CSS components
- Working with flexbox
- Ask in [Slack](https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com/)
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Browsers and devices
description: Learn about the browsers and devices, from modern to told, that are supported by Bootstrap, including known quirks and bugs for each.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Supported browsers
Bootstrap supports the **latest, stable releases** of all major browsers and platforms. On Windows, **we support Internet Explorer 10-11 / Microsoft Edge**.
Alternative browsers which use the latest version of WebKit, Blink, or Gecko, whether directly or via the platform's web view API, are not explicitly supported. However, Bootstrap should (in most cases) display and function correctly in these browsers as well. More specific support information is provided below.
### Mobile devices
Generally speaking, Bootstrap supports the latest versions of each major platform's default browsers. Note that proxy browsers (such as Opera Mini, Opera Mobile's Turbo mode, UC Browser Mini, Amazon Silk) are not supported.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<td></td>
<th>Chrome</th>
<th>Firefox</th>
<th>Safari</th>
<th>Android Browser &amp; WebView</th>
<th>Microsoft Edge</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Android</th>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-success">Android v5.0+ supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">iOS</th>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Windows 10 Mobile</th>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Desktop browsers
Similarly, the latest versions of most desktop browsers are supported.
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive">
<thead>
<tr>
<td></td>
<th>Chrome</th>
<th>Firefox</th>
<th>Internet Explorer</th>
<th>Microsoft Edge</th>
<th>Opera</th>
<th>Safari</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Mac</th>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Windows</th>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported, IE10+</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-success">Supported</td>
<td class="text-danger">Not supported</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
For Firefox, in addition to the latest normal stable release, we also support the latest [Extended Support Release (ESR)](https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/faq/) version of Firefox.
Unofficially, Bootstrap should look and behave well enough in Chromium and Chrome for Linux, Firefox for Linux, and Internet Explorer 9, though they are not officially supported.
For a list of some of the browser bugs that Bootstrap has to grapple with, see our [Wall of browser bugs]({{ site.baseurl }}/browser-bugs/).
## Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer 10+ is supported; IE9 and down is not. Please be aware that some CSS3 properties and HTML5 elements are not fully supported in IE10, or require prefixed properties for full functionality. Visit [Can I use...](http://caniuse.com/) for details on browser support of CSS3 and HTML5 features.
**If you require IE8-9 support, use Bootstrap 3.** It's the most stable version of our code and is still supported by our team for critical bugfixes and documentation changes. However, no new features will be added to it.
## Internet Explorer 10 in Windows Phone 8
Internet Explorer 10 in Windows Phone 8 versions older than [Update 3 (a.k.a. GDR3)](https://blogs.windows.com/buildingapps/2013/10/14/introducing-windows-phone-preview-for-developers/) doesn't differentiate **device width** from **viewport width** in `@-ms-viewport` at-rules, and thus doesn't properly apply the media queries in Bootstrap's CSS. To address this, you'll need to **include the following JavaScript to work around the bug**.
{% highlight js %}
// Copyright 2014-2017 The Bootstrap Authors
// Copyright 2014-2017 Twitter, Inc.
// Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
if (navigator.userAgent.match(/IEMobile\/10\.0/)) {
var msViewportStyle = document.createElement('style')
msViewportStyle.appendChild(
document.createTextNode(
'@-ms-viewport{width:auto!important}'
)
)
document.head.appendChild(msViewportStyle)
}
{% endhighlight %}
For more information and usage guidelines, read [Windows Phone 8 and Device-Width](https://timkadlec.com/2013/01/windows-phone-8-and-device-width/).
As a heads up, we include this in all of Bootstrap's documentation and examples as a demonstration.
## Modals and dropdowns on mobile
### Overflow and scrolling
Support for `overflow: hidden;` on the `<body>` element is quite limited in iOS and Android. To that end, when you scroll past the top or bottom of a modal in either of those devices' browsers, the `<body>` content will begin to scroll. See [Chrome bug #175502](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=175502) (fixed in Chrome v40) and [WebKit bug #153852](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=153852).
### iOS text fields and scrolling
As of iOS 9.2, while a modal is open, if the initial touch of a scroll gesture is within the boundary of a textual `<input>` or a `<textarea>`, the `<body>` content underneath the modal will be scrolled instead of the modal itself. See [WebKit bug #153856](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=153856).
### Navbar Dropdowns
The `.dropdown-backdrop` element isn't used on iOS in the nav because of the complexity of z-indexing. Thus, to close dropdowns in navbars, you must directly click the dropdown element (or [any other element which will fire a click event in iOS](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events/click#Safari_Mobile)).
## Browser zooming
Page zooming inevitably presents rendering artifacts in some components, both in Bootstrap and the rest of the web. Depending on the issue, we may be able to fix it (search first and then open an issue if need be). However, we tend to ignore these as they often have no direct solution other than hacky workarounds.
## Sticky `:hover`/`:focus` on mobile
Even though real hovering isn't possible on most touchscreens, most mobile browsers emulate hovering support and make `:hover` "sticky". In other words, `:hover` styles start applying after tapping an element and only stop applying after the user taps some other element. On mobile-first sites, this behavior is normally undesirable.
Bootstrap includes a workaround for this, although it is disabled by default. By setting `$enable-hover-media-query` to `true` when compiling from Sass, Bootstrap will use [mq4-hover-shim](https://github.com/twbs/mq4-hover-shim) to disable `:hover` styles in browsers that emulate hovering, thus preventing sticky `:hover` styles. There are some caveats to this workaround; see the shim's documentation for details.
## Printing
Even in some modern browsers, printing can be quirky.
As of Safari v8.0, use of the fixed-width `.container` class can cause Safari to use an unusually small font size when printing. See [issue #14868](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/14868) and [WebKit bug #138192](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=138192) for more details. One potential workaround is the following CSS:
{% highlight css %}
@media print {
.container {
width: auto;
}
}
{% endhighlight %}
## Android stock browser
Out of the box, Android 4.1 (and even some newer releases apparently) ship with the Browser app as the default web browser of choice (as opposed to Chrome). Unfortunately, the Browser app has lots of bugs and inconsistencies with CSS in general.
#### Select menu
On `<select>` elements, the Android stock browser will not display the side controls if there is a `border-radius` and/or `border` applied. (See [this StackOverflow question](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14744437/html-select-box-not-showing-drop-down-arrow-on-android-version-4-0-when-set-with) for details.) Use the snippet of code below to remove the offending CSS and render the `<select>` as an unstyled element on the Android stock browser. The user agent sniffing avoids interference with Chrome, Safari, and Mozilla browsers.
{% highlight html %}
<script>
$(function () {
var nua = navigator.userAgent
var isAndroid = (nua.indexOf('Mozilla/5.0') > -1 && nua.indexOf('Android ') > -1 && nua.indexOf('AppleWebKit') > -1 && nua.indexOf('Chrome') === -1)
if (isAndroid) {
$('select.form-control').removeClass('form-control').css('width', '100%')
}
})
</script>
{% endhighlight %}
Want to see an example? [Check out this JS Bin demo.](http://jsbin.com/OyaqoDO/2)
## Validators
In order to provide the best possible experience to old and buggy browsers, Bootstrap uses [CSS browser hacks](http://browserhacks.com) in several places to target special CSS to certain browser versions in order to work around bugs in the browsers themselves. These hacks understandably cause CSS validators to complain that they are invalid. In a couple places, we also use bleeding-edge CSS features that aren't yet fully standardized, but these are used purely for progressive enhancement.
These validation warnings don't matter in practice since the non-hacky portion of our CSS does fully validate and the hacky portions don't interfere with the proper functioning of the non-hacky portion, hence why we deliberately ignore these particular warnings.
Our HTML docs likewise have some trivial and inconsequential HTML validation warnings due to our inclusion of a workaround for [a certain Firefox bug](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=654072).
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---
layout: docs
title: Build tools
description: Learn how to use Bootstrap's included npm scripts to build our documentation, compile source code, run tests, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Tooling setup
Bootstrap uses [NPM scripts](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts) for its build system. Our [package.json](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4-dev/package.json) includes convenient methods for working with the framework, including compiling code, running tests, and more.
To use our build system and run our documentation locally, you'll need a copy of Bootstrap's source files and Node. Follow these steps and you should be ready to rock:
1. [Download and install Node](https://nodejs.org/download/), which we use to manage our dependencies.
2. Navigate to the root `/bootstrap` directory and run `npm install` to install our local dependencies listed in [package.json](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/package.json).
4. [Install Ruby][install-ruby], install [Bundler][gembundler] with `gem install bundler`, and finally run `bundle install`. This will install all Ruby dependencies, such as Jekyll and plugins.
- **Windows users:** Read [this unofficial guide](http://jekyll-windows.juthilo.com/) to get Jekyll up and running without problems.
When completed, you'll be able to run the various commands provided from the command line.
[install-ruby]: https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/installation/
[gembundler]: https://bundler.io/
## Using NPM scripts
Our [package.json](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/package.json) includes the following commands and tasks:
| Task | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `npm test` | Run `npm test` to run tests locally and compile the CSS and JavaScript into `/dist`. **Uses [Sass](http://sass-lang.com/), [Autoprefixer][autoprefixer], and [UglifyJS](http://lisperator.net/uglifyjs/).** |
| `npm run dist` | `npm run dist` creates the `/dist` directory with compiled files. **Uses [Sass](http://sass-lang.com/), [Autoprefixer][autoprefixer], and [UglifyJS](http://lisperator.net/uglifyjs/).** |
| `npm run docs` | Builds and tests CSS, JavaScript, and other assets which are used when running the documentation locally via `npm run docs-serve`. |
## Autoprefixer
Bootstrap uses [Autoprefixer][autoprefixer] (included in our build process) to automatically add vendor prefixes to some CSS properties at build time. Doing so saves us time and code by allowing us to write key parts of our CSS a single time while eliminating the need for vendor mixins like those found in v3.
We maintain the list of browsers supported through Autoprefixer in a separate file within our GitHub repository. See [`/build/postcss.config.js`](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4-dev/build/postcss.config.js) for details.
## Local documentation
Running our documentation locally requires the use of Jekyll, a decently flexible static site generator that provides us: basic includes, Markdown-based files, templates, and more. Here's how to get it started:
1. Run through the [tooling setup](#tooling-setup) above to install Jekyll (the site builder) and other Ruby dependencies with `bundle install`.
2. From the root `/bootstrap` directory, run `npm run docs-serve` in the command line.
3. Open <http://localhost:9001> in your browser, and voilà.
Learn more about using Jekyll by reading its [documentation](https://jekyllrb.com/docs/home/).
## Troubleshooting
Should you encounter problems with installing dependencies, uninstall all previous dependency versions (global and local). Then, rerun `npm install`.
[autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
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---
layout: docs
title: Contents
description: Discover what's included in Bootstrap, including our precompiled and source code flavors. Remember, Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins require jQuery.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Precompiled Bootstrap
Once downloaded, unzip the compressed folder and you'll see something like this:
<!-- NOTE: This info is intentionally duplicated in the README. Copy any changes made here over to the README too. -->
{% highlight plaintext %}
bootstrap/
├── css/
│ ├── bootstrap.css
│ ├── bootstrap.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap.min.css
│ └── bootstrap.min.css.map
└── js/
├── bootstrap.js
└── bootstrap.min.js
{% endhighlight %}
This is the most basic form of Bootstrap: precompiled files for quick drop-in usage in nearly any web project. We provide compiled CSS and JS (`bootstrap.*`), as well as compiled and minified CSS and JS (`bootstrap.min.*`). CSS [source maps](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/javascript/source-maps) (`bootstrap.*.map`) are available for use with certain browsers' developer tools.
## Bootstrap source code
The Bootstrap source code download includes the precompiled CSS and JavaScript assets, along with source Sass, JavaScript, and documentation. More specifically, it includes the following and more:
{% highlight plaintext %}
bootstrap/
├── dist/
│ ├── css/
│ └── js/
├── docs/
│ └── examples/
├── js/
└── scss/
{% endhighlight %}
The `scss/` and `js/` are the source code for our CSS and JavaScript. The `dist/` folder includes everything listed in the precompiled download section above. The `docs/` folder includes the source code for our documentation, and `examples/` of Bootstrap usage. Beyond that, any other included file provides support for packages, license information, and development.
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---
layout: docs
title: Download
description: Download Bootstrap to get the compiled CSS and JavaScript, source code, or include it with your favorite package managers like npm, Bower, RubyGems, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Bootstrap CSS and JS
**Download Bootstrap's ready-to-use code to easily drop into your project.** Includes compiled and minified versions of all our CSS bundles (default, grid only, or Reboot only) and JavaScript plugins. Doesn't include documentation or source files.
**Current version:** v{{ site.current_version}}
<a href="{{ site.download.dist }}" class="btn btn-lg btn-bs" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Getting started', 'Download', 'Download Bootstrap');">Download Bootstrap</a>
## Source files
**Want to compile Bootstrap with your project's asset pipeline?** Choose this option to download our source Sass, JavaScript, and documentation files. Requires a Sass compiler, [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer), [postcss-flexbugs-fixes](https://github.com/luisrudge/postcss-flexbugs-fixes), and [some setup]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/build-tools/#tooling-setup).
<a href="{{ site.download.source }}" class="btn btn-bs" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Getting started', 'Download', 'Download source');">Download source</a>
## Bootstrap CDN
Skip the download and use the Bootstrap CDN to deliver Bootstrap's compiled CSS and JS to your project.
{% highlight html %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.cdn.css }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.css_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
<script src="{{ site.cdn.js }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.js_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{% endhighlight %}
## Package managers
Pull in Bootstrap's **source files** into nearly any project with some of the most popular package managers. No matter the package manager, Bootstrap will **require a Sass compiler, [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer), and [postcss-flexbugs-fixes](https://github.com/luisrudge/postcss-flexbugs-fixes)** for a setup that matches our official compiled versions.
### npm
Install Bootstrap in your Node powered apps with [the npm package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bootstrap):
{% highlight bash %}
npm install bootstrap@{{ site.current_version }}
{% endhighlight %}
`require('bootstrap')` will load all of Bootstrap's jQuery plugins onto the jQuery object. The `bootstrap` module itself does not export anything. You can manually load Bootstrap's jQuery plugins individually by loading the `/js/*.js` files under the package's top-level directory.
Bootstrap's `package.json` contains some additional metadata under the following keys:
- `sass` - path to Bootstrap's main [Sass](http://sass-lang.com/) source file
- `style` - path to Bootstrap's non-minified CSS that's been precompiled using the default settings (no customization)
### RubyGems
Install Bootstrap in your Ruby apps using [Bundler](https://bundler.io/) (**recommended**) and [RubyGems](https://rubygems.org/) by adding the following line to your [`Gemfile`](https://bundler.io/gemfile.html):
{% highlight ruby %}
gem 'bootstrap', '~> 4.0.0.alpha6'
{% endhighlight %}
Alternatively, if you're not using Bundler, you can install the gem by running this command:
{% highlight bash %}
gem install bootstrap -v 4.0.0.alpha6
{% endhighlight %}
[See the gem's README](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-rubygem/blob/master/README.md) for further details.
### Composer
You can also install and manage Bootstrap's Sass and JavaScript using [Composer](https://getcomposer.org):
{% highlight bash %}
composer require twbs/bootstrap:{{ site.current_version }}
{% endhighlight %}
### Bower
Install and manage Bootstrap's Sass and JavaScript using [Bower](https://bower.io).
{% highlight bash %}
bower install bootstrap#v{{ site.current_version }}
{% endhighlight %}
### NuGet
If you develop in .NET, you can also install and manage Bootstrap's [CSS](https://www.nuget.org/packages/bootstrap/) or [Sass](https://www.nuget.org/packages/bootstrap.sass/) and JavaScript using [NuGet](https://www.nuget.org):
{% highlight powershell %}
Install-Package bootstrap -Pre
{% endhighlight %}
{% highlight powershell %}
Install-Package bootstrap.sass -Pre
{% endhighlight %}
The `-Pre` is required until Bootstrap v4 has a stable release.
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---
layout: docs
title: Introduction
description: Get started with Bootstrap, the world's most popular framework for building responsive, mobile-first sites, with the Bootstrap CDN and a template starter page.
group: getting-started
redirect_from:
- /getting-started/
- /docs/4.0/
- /docs/
toc: true
---
<!-- Bootstrap is the world's most popular framework for building responsive, mobile-first sites and applications. Inside you'll find high quality HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to make starting any project easier than ever. -->
<!-- Here's how to quickly get started with the Bootstrap CDN and a template starter page. -->
## Quick start
Looking to quickly add Bootstrap to your project? Use the Bootstrap CDN, provided for free by the folks at MaxCDN. Using a package manager or need to download the source files? [Head to the downloads page.]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/download/)
Copy-paste the stylesheet `<link>` into your `<head>` before all other stylesheets to load our CSS.
{% highlight html %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.cdn.css }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.css_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
{% endhighlight %}
Add our JavaScript plugins, jQuery, and Popper.js near the end of your pages, right before the closing `</body>` tag. Be sure to place jQuery and Popper.js first, as our code depends on them. While we use [jQuery's slim build](https://blog.jquery.com/2016/06/09/jquery-3-0-final-released/) in our docs, the full version is also supported.
{% highlight html %}
<script src="{{ site.cdn.jquery }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.jquery_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{ site.cdn.popper }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.popper_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{ site.cdn.js }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.js_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{% endhighlight %}
And that's it—you're on your way to a fully Bootstrapped site. If you're at all unsure about the general page structure, keep reading for an example page template.
## Starter template
Be sure to have your pages set up with the latest design and development standards. That means using an HTML5 doctype and including a viewport meta tag for proper responsive behaviors. Put it all together and your pages should look like this:
{% highlight html %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Required meta tags -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.cdn.css }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.css_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<!-- jQuery first, then Popper.js, then Bootstrap JS. -->
<script src="{{ site.cdn.jquery }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.jquery_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{ site.cdn.popper }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.popper_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{ site.cdn.js }}" integrity="{{ site.cdn.js_hash }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>
{% endhighlight %}
That's all you need for overall page requirements. Visit the [Layout docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/) or [our official examples]({{ site.baseurl }}/examples/) to start laying out your site's content and components.
## Important globals
Bootstrap employs a handful of important global styles and settings that you'll need to be aware of when using it, all of which are almost exclusively geared towards the *normalization* of cross browser styles. Let's dive in.
### HTML5 doctype
Bootstrap requires the use of the HTML5 doctype. Without it, you'll see some funky incomplete styling, but including it shouldn't cause any considerable hiccups.
{% highlight html %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
...
</html>
{% endhighlight %}
### Responsive meta tag
Bootstrap is developed *mobile first*, a strategy in which we optimize code for mobile devices first and then scale up components as necessary using CSS media queries. To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming for all devices, **add the responsive viewport meta tag** to your `<head>`.
{% highlight html %}
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
{% endhighlight %}
You can see an example of this in action in the [starter template](#starter-template).
### Box-sizing
For more straightforward sizing in CSS, we switch the global `box-sizing` value from `content-box` to `border-box`. This ensures `padding` does not affect the final computed width of an element, but it can cause problems with some third party software like Google Maps and Google Custom Search Engine.
On the rare occasion you need to override it, use something like the following:
{% highlight scss %}
.selector-for-some-widget {
box-sizing: content-box;
}
{% endhighlight %}
With the above snippet, nested elements—including generated content via `:before` and `:after`—will all inherit the specified `box-sizing` for that `.selector-for-some-widget`.
Learn more about [box model and sizing at CSS Tricks](https://css-tricks.com/box-sizing/).
### Reboot
For improved cross-browser rendering, we use [Reboot]({{ site.baseurl }}/content/reboot/) to correct inconsistencies across browsers and devices while providing slightly more opinionated resets to common HTML elements.
## Community
Stay up to date on the development of Bootstrap and reach out to the community with these helpful resources.
- Follow [@getbootstrap on Twitter](https://twitter.com/getbootstrap).
- Read and subscribe to [The Official Bootstrap Blog]({{ site.blog }}).
- Join [the official Slack room]({{ site.slack }}).
- Chat with fellow Bootstrappers in IRC. On the `irc.freenode.net` server, in the `##bootstrap` channel.
- Implementation help may be found at Stack Overflow (tagged [`bootstrap-4`](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/bootstrap-4)).
- Developers should use the keyword `bootstrap` on packages which modify or add to the functionality of Bootstrap when distributing through [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/browse/keyword/bootstrap) or similar delivery mechanisms for maximum discoverability.
You can also follow [@getbootstrap on Twitter](https://twitter.com/getbootstrap) for the latest gossip and awesome music videos.
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---
layout: docs
title: JavaScript
description: Bring Bootstrap to life with our JavaScript plugins built on jQuery. Learn about each plugin, our data and programmatic API options, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Individual or compiled
Plugins can be included individually (using Bootstrap's individual `*.js` files), or all at once using `bootstrap.js` or the minified `bootstrap.min.js` (don't include both).
## Dependencies
Some plugins and CSS components depend on other plugins. If you include plugins individually, make sure to check for these dependencies in the docs. Also note that all plugins depend on jQuery (this means jQuery must be included **before** the plugin files). [Consult our `bower.json`]({{ site.repo }}/blob/v{{ site.current_version }}/bower.json) to see which versions of jQuery are supported.
## Data attributes
Nearly all Bootstrap plugins can be enabled and configured through HTML alone with data attributes (our preferred way of using JavaScript functionality). Be sure to **only use one set of data attributes on a single element** (e.g., you cannot trigger a tooltip and modal from the same button.)
However, in some situations it may be desirable to disable this functionality. To disable the data attribute API, unbind all events on the document namespaced with `data-api` like so:
{% highlight js %}
$(document).off('.data-api')
{% endhighlight %}
Alternatively, to target a specific plugin, just include the plugin's name as a namespace along with the data-api namespace like this:
{% highlight js %}
$(document).off('.alert.data-api')
{% endhighlight %}
## Events
Bootstrap provides custom events for most plugins' unique actions. Generally, these come in an infinitive and past participle form - where the infinitive (ex. `show`) is triggered at the start of an event, and its past participle form (ex. `shown`) is triggered on the completion of an action.
All infinitive events provide [`preventDefault()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event/preventDefault) functionality. This provides the ability to stop the execution of an action before it starts.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (e) {
if (!data) return e.preventDefault() // stops modal from being shown
})
{% endhighlight %}
## Programmatic API
We also believe you should be able to use all Bootstrap plugins purely through the JavaScript API. All public APIs are single, chainable methods, and return the collection acted upon.
{% highlight js %}
$('.btn.danger').button('toggle').addClass('fat')
{% endhighlight %}
All methods should accept an optional options object, a string which targets a particular method, or nothing (which initiates a plugin with default behavior):
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').modal() // initialized with defaults
$('#myModal').modal({ keyboard: false }) // initialized with no keyboard
$('#myModal').modal('show') // initializes and invokes show immediately
{% endhighlight %}
Each plugin also exposes its raw constructor on a `Constructor` property: `$.fn.popover.Constructor`. If you'd like to get a particular plugin instance, retrieve it directly from an element: `$('[rel="popover"]').data('popover')`.
### Asynchronous functions and transitions
All programmatic API methods are **asynchronous** and returns to the caller once the transition is started but **before it ends**.
In order to execute an action once the transition is complete, you can listen to the corresponding event.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myCollapse').on('shown.bs.collapse', function (e) {
// Action to execute once the collapsible area is expanded
})
{% endhighlight %}
In addition a method call on a **transitioning component will be ignored**.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myCarousel').on('slid.bs.carousel', function (e) {
$('#myCarousel').carousel('2') // Will slide to the slide 2 as soon as the transition to slide 1 is finished
})
$('#myCarousel').carousel('1') // Will start sliding to the slide 1 and returns to the caller
$('#myCarousel').carousel('2') // !! Will be ignored, as the transition to the slide 1 is not finished !!
{% endhighlight %}
### Default settings
You can change the default settings for a plugin by modifying the plugin's `Constructor.Default` object:
{% highlight js %}
$.fn.modal.Constructor.Default.keyboard = false // changes default for the modal plugin's `keyboard` option to false
{% endhighlight %}
## No conflict
Sometimes it is necessary to use Bootstrap plugins with other UI frameworks. In these circumstances, namespace collisions can occasionally occur. If this happens, you may call `.noConflict` on the plugin you wish to revert the value of.
{% highlight js %}
var bootstrapButton = $.fn.button.noConflict() // return $.fn.button to previously assigned value
$.fn.bootstrapBtn = bootstrapButton // give $().bootstrapBtn the Bootstrap functionality
{% endhighlight %}
## Version numbers
The version of each of Bootstrap's jQuery plugins can be accessed via the `VERSION` property of the plugin's constructor. For example, for the tooltip plugin:
{% highlight js %}
$.fn.tooltip.Constructor.VERSION // => "{{ site.current_version }}"
{% endhighlight %}
## No special fallbacks when JavaScript is disabled
Bootstrap's plugins don't fall back particularly gracefully when JavaScript is disabled. If you care about the user experience in this case, use [`<noscript>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/noscript) to explain the situation (and how to re-enable JavaScript) to your users, and/or add your own custom fallbacks.
{% callout warning %}
#### Third-party libraries
**Bootstrap does not officially support third-party JavaScript libraries** like Prototype or jQuery UI. Despite `.noConflict` and namespaced events, there may be compatibility problems that you need to fix on your own.
{% endcallout %}
## Util
All Bootstrap Javascript depend on `util.js` and it has to be included alongside the other JS files. If you're using the compiled (or minified) `bootstrap.js`, there is no need to include this—it's already there.
`util.js` includes utility functions and a basic helper for `transitionEnd` events as well as a CSS transition emulator. It's used by the other plugins to check for CSS transition support and to catch hanging transitions.
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---
layout: docs
title: Customization options
description: Customize Bootstrap 4 with our built-in custom variables file and easily toggle global CSS preferences with new Sass variables.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Customizing variables
Bootstrap 4 ships with a `_custom.scss` file for easy overriding of default variables in `/scss/_variables.scss`. Copy and paste relevant lines from there into the `_custom.scss` file, modify the values, and recompile your Sass to change our default values. **Be sure to remove the `!default` flag from override values.**
For example, to change out the `background-color` and `color` for the `<body>`, you'd do the following:
{% highlight scss %}
// Bootstrap overrides
//
// Copy variables from `_variables.scss` to this file to override default values
// without modifying source files.
$body-bg: $gray-dark;
$body-color: $gray-light;
{% endhighlight %}
Do the same for any variable you need to override, including the global options listed below.
## Global options
Customize Bootstrap 4 with our built-in custom variables file and easily toggle global CSS preferences with new `$enable-*` Sass variables. Override a variable's value and recompile with `npm run test` as needed.
You can find and customize these variables for key global options in our `_variables.scss` file.
| Variable | Values | Description |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `$spacer` | `1rem` (default), or any value > 0 | Specifies the default spacer value to programmatically generate our [spacer utilities](/utilities/spacing/). |
| `$enable-rounded` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables predefined `border-radius` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-shadows` | `true` or `false` (default) | Enables predefined `box-shadow` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-gradients` | `true` or `false` (default) | Enables predefined gradients via `background-image` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-transitions` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables predefined `transition`s on various components. |
| `$enable-hover-media-query` | `true` or `false` (default) | ... |
| `$enable-grid-classes` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables the generation of CSS classes for the grid system (e.g., `.container`, `.row`, `.col-md-1`, etc.). |
| `$enable-print-styles` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables styles for optimizing printing. |
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---
layout: docs
title: Webpack
description: Learn how to include Bootstrap in your project using Webpack 2.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Installing Bootstrap
[Install bootstrap](/getting-started/download/#npm) as a node module using npm.
## Importing JavaScript
Import [Bootstrap's JavaScript](/getting-started/javascript/) by adding this line to your app's entry point (usally `index.js` or `app.js`):
{% highlight js %}
import 'bootstrap';
{% endhighlight %}
Alternatively, you may **import plugins individually** as needed:
{% highlight js %}
import 'bootstrap/js/dist/util';
import 'bootstrap/js/dist/dropdown';
...
{% endhighlight %}
Bootstrap is dependent on [jQuery](https://jquery.com/) and [Popper](https://popper.js.org/), so npm will install them for you if needed. But they must be explicitly provided by webpack. Add the following code to the `plugins` section in your webpack config file:
{% highlight js %}
plugins: [
...
new webpack.ProvidePlugin({
$: 'jquery',
jQuery: 'jquery',
'window.jQuery': 'jquery',
Popper: ['popper.js', 'default'],
// In case you imported plugins individually, you must also require them here:
Util: "exports-loader?Util!bootstrap/js/dist/util",
Dropdown: "exports-loader?Dropdown!bootstrap/js/dist/dropdown",
...
})
...
]
{% endhighlight %}
{% callout warning %}
Notice that if you chose to **import plugins individually**, you must also install [exports-loader](https://github.com/webpack-contrib/exports-loader)
{% endcallout %}
## Importing Styles
### Importing Precompiled SASS
To enjoy the full potential of Bootstrap and customize it to your needs, use the source files as a part of your project's bundling process.
First, create your own `_custom.scss` and use it to override the [built-in custom variables](/getting-started/options/). Then, use your main sass file to import your custom variables, followed by Bootstrap:
{% highlight scss %}
@import "custom";
@import "~bootstrap/scss/bootstrap";
{% endhighlight %}
For Bootstrap to compile, make sure you install and use the required loaders: [sass-loader](https://github.com/webpack-contrib/sass-loader), [postcss-loader](https://github.com/postcss/postcss-loader) with [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer#webpack) and [postcss-flexbugs-fixes](https://github.com/luisrudge/postcss-flexbugs-fixes). With minimal setup, your webpack config should include this rule or similar:
{% highlight js %}
...
{
test: /\.(scss)$/,
use: [{
loader: 'style-loader', // inject CSS to page
}, {
loader: 'css-loader', // translates CSS into CommonJS modules
}, {
loader: 'postcss-loader', // Run post css actions
options: {
plugins: function () { // post css plugins, can be exported to postcss.config.js
return [
require('precss'),
require('autoprefixer')
];
}
}
}, {
loader: 'sass-loader' // compiles SASS to CSS
}]
},
...
{% endhighlight %}
### Importing Compiled CSS
Alternatively, you may use Bootstrap's ready-to-use css by simply adding this line to your project's entry point:
{% highlight js %}
import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css';
{% endhighlight %}
In this case you may use your existing rule for `css` without any special modifications to webpack config.

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