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mirror of https://github.com/tenrok/bootstrap.git synced 2026-06-14 18:42:30 +03:00

Bump version to 5.0.0-alpha1 (#29925)

Also add v4.5.0 in versions and keep README.md pointing to v4.5.0 so that there are no broken stuff.
This commit is contained in:
XhmikosR
2020-05-13 22:36:00 +03:00
committed by GitHub
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---
layout: redirect
sitemap_exclude: true
redirect: "/docs/5.0/getting-started/introduction/"
---
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---
layout: docs
title: Brand guidelines
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's logo and brand usage guidelines.
group: about
toc: true
---
Have a need for Bootstrap's brand resources? Great! We have only a few guidelines we follow, and in turn ask you to follow as well. These guidelines were inspired by MailChimp's [Brand Assets](https://mailchimp.com/about/brand-assets/).
## Mark and logo
Use either the Bootstrap mark (a capital **B**) or the standard logo (just **Bootstrap**). It should always appear in San Francisco Display Semibold. **Do not use the Twitter bird** in association with Bootstrap.
<div class="bd-brand-logos d-sm-flex text-center bg-light rounded overflow-hidden w-100 mb-3">
<div class="bd-brand-item">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="Bootstrap" width="144" height="144" loading="lazy">
</div>
<div class="bd-brand-item inverse">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-outline.svg" alt="Bootstrap" width="144" height="144" loading="lazy">
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-brand-logos d-sm-flex text-center bg-light rounded overflow-hidden w-100 mb-3">
<div class="bd-brand-item">
<span class="h1">Bootstrap</span>
</div>
<div class="bd-brand-item inverse">
<span class="h1">Bootstrap</span>
</div>
</div>
## Download mark
Download the Bootstrap mark in one of three styles, each available as an SVG file. **Click to download the logos**.
<div class="bd-brand-logos d-sm-flex text-center bg-light rounded overflow-hidden w-100 mb-3">
<a href="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" download class="bd-brand-item" title="Download solid logo">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="Bootstrap" width="144" height="144" loading="lazy">
</a>
<a href="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-outline.svg" download class="bd-brand-item inverse" title="Download outlined logo">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-outline.svg" alt="Bootstrap" width="144" height="144" loading="lazy">
</a>
<a href="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-punchout.svg" download class="bd-brand-item inverse" title="Download inverted logo">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-punchout.svg" alt="Bootstrap" width="144" height="144" loading="lazy">
</a>
</div>
## Name
The project and framework should always be referred to as **Bootstrap**. No Twitter before it, no capital _s_, and no abbreviations except for one, a capital **B**.
<div class="bd-brand-logos d-sm-flex text-center bg-light rounded overflow-hidden w-100 mb-3">
<div class="bd-brand-item">
<span class="h3">Bootstrap</span>
<strong class="text-success">Right</strong>
</div>
<div class="bd-brand-item">
<span class="h3 text-muted">BootStrap</span>
<strong class="text-warning">Wrong</strong>
</div>
<div class="bd-brand-item">
<span class="h3 text-muted">Twitter Bootstrap</span>
<strong class="text-warning">Wrong</strong>
</div>
</div>
## Colors
Our docs and branding use a handful of primary colors to differentiate what *is* Bootstrap from what *is in* Bootstrap. In other words, if it's purple, it's representative of Bootstrap.
<div class="color-swatches">
<div class="color-swatch bd-purple"></div>
<div class="color-swatch bd-purple-light"></div>
<div class="color-swatch bd-purple-lighter"></div>
<div class="color-swatch bd-gray"></div>
</div>
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---
layout: docs
title: License FAQs
description: Commonly asked questions about Bootstrap's open source license.
group: about
---
Bootstrap is released under the MIT license and is copyright {{< year >}} Twitter. Boiled down to smaller chunks, it can be described with the following conditions.
## It requires you to:
* Keep the license and copyright notice included in Bootstrap's CSS and JavaScript files when you use them in your works
## It permits you to:
- Freely download and use Bootstrap, in whole or in part, for personal, private, company internal, or commercial purposes
- Use Bootstrap in packages or distributions that you create
- Modify the source code
- Grant a sublicense to modify and distribute Bootstrap to third parties not included in the license
## It forbids you to:
- Hold the authors and license owners liable for damages as Bootstrap is provided without warranty
- Hold the creators or copyright holders of Bootstrap liable
- Redistribute any piece of Bootstrap without proper attribution
- Use any marks owned by Twitter in any way that might state or imply that Twitter endorses your distribution
- Use any marks owned by Twitter in any way that might state or imply that you created the Twitter software in question
## It does not require you to:
- Include the source of Bootstrap itself, or of any modifications you may have made to it, in any redistribution you may assemble that includes it
- Submit changes that you make to Bootstrap back to the Bootstrap project (though such feedback is encouraged)
The full Bootstrap license is located [in the project repository]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/LICENSE) for more information.
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---
layout: docs
title: About
description: Learn more about the team maintaining Bootstrap, how and why the project started, and how to get involved.
group: about
aliases:
- "/about/"
- "/docs/5.0/about/"
---
## Team
Bootstrap is maintained by a [small team of developers](https://github.com/orgs/twbs/people) on GitHub. We're actively looking to grow this team and would love to hear from you if you're excited about CSS at scale, writing and maintaining vanilla JavaScript plugins, and improving build tooling processes for frontend code.
## History
Originally created by a designer and a developer at Twitter, Bootstrap has become one of the most popular front-end frameworks and open source projects in the world.
Bootstrap was created at Twitter in mid-2010 by [@mdo](https://twitter.com/mdo) and [@fat](https://twitter.com/fat). Prior to being an open-sourced framework, Bootstrap was known as _Twitter Blueprint_. A few months into development, Twitter held its [first Hack Week](https://blog.twitter.com/engineering/en_us/a/2010/hack-week.html) and the project exploded as developers of all skill levels jumped in without any external guidance. It served as the style guide for internal tools development at the company for over a year before its public release, and continues to do so today.
Originally [released](https://blog.twitter.com/developer/en_us/a/2011/bootstrap-twitter.html) on <time datetime="2011-08-19 11:25">Friday, August 19, 2011</time>, we've since had over [twenty releases]({{< param repo >}}/releases), including two major rewrites with v2 and v3. With Bootstrap 2, we added responsive functionality to the entire framework as an optional stylesheet. Building on that with Bootstrap 3, we rewrote the library once more to make it responsive by default with a mobile first approach.
With Bootstrap 4, we once again rewrote the project to account for two key architectural changes: a migration to Sass and the move to CSS's flexbox. Our intention is to help in a small way to move the web development community forward by pushing for newer CSS properties, fewer dependencies, and new technologies across more modern browsers.
## Get involved
Get involved with Bootstrap development by [opening an issue]({{< param repo >}}/issues/new) or submitting a pull request. Read our [contributing guidelines]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md) for information on how we develop.
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---
layout: docs
title: Team
description: An overview of the founding team and core contributors to Bootstrap.
group: about
---
Bootstrap is maintained by the founding team and a small group of invaluable core contributors, with the massive support and involvement of our community.
{{< team.inline >}}
<div class="list-group mb-3">
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "core-team") }}
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action d-flex align-items-center" href="https://github.com/{{ .user }}">
<img src="https://github.com/{{ .user }}.png" alt="@{{ .user }}" width="32" height="32" class="rounded mr-2" loading="lazy">
<span>
<strong>{{ .name }}</strong> @{{ .user }}
</span>
</a>
{{ end -}}
</div>
{{< /team.inline >}}
Get involved with Bootstrap development by [opening an issue]({{< param repo >}}/issues/new) or submitting a pull request. Read our [contributing guidelines]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md) for information on how we develop.
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---
layout: docs
title: Translations
description: Links to community-translated Bootstrap documentation sites.
group: about
---
Community members have translated Bootstrap's documentation into various languages. None are officially supported and they may not always be up to date.
{{< translations.inline >}}
<ul>
{{ range .Site.Data.translations -}}
<li><a href="{{ .url }}" hreflang="{{ .code }}">{{ .description }} ({{ .name }})</a></li>
{{ end -}}
</ul>
{{< /translations.inline >}}
**We don't help organize or host translations, we just link to them.**
Finished a new or better translation? Open a pull request to add it to our list.
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---
layout: docs
title: Alerts
description: Provide contextual feedback messages for typical user actions with the handful of available and flexible alert messages.
group: components
aliases:
- "/components/"
- "/docs/5.0/components/"
toc: true
---
## Examples
Alerts are available for any length of text, as well as an optional close button. For proper styling, use one of the eight **required** contextual classes (e.g., `.alert-success`). For inline dismissal, use the [alerts JavaScript plugin](#dismissing).
{{< example >}}
{{< alerts.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="alert alert-{{ .name }}" role="alert">
A simple {{ .name }} alert—check it out!
</div>{{- end -}}
{{< /alerts.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
### Link color
Use the `.alert-link` utility class to quickly provide matching colored links within any alert.
{{< example >}}
{{< alerts.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="alert alert-{{ .name }}" role="alert">
A simple {{ .name }} alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>{{ end -}}
{{< /alerts.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
### Additional content
Alerts can also contain additional HTML elements like headings, paragraphs and dividers.
{{< example >}}
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<h4 class="alert-heading">Well done!</h4>
<p>Aww yeah, you successfully read this important alert message. This example text is going to run a bit longer so that you can see how spacing within an alert works with this kind of content.</p>
<hr>
<p class="mb-0">Whenever you need to, be sure to use margin utilities to keep things nice and tidy.</p>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Dismissing
Using the alert JavaScript plugin, it's possible to dismiss any alert inline. Here's how:
- Be sure you've loaded the alert plugin, or the compiled Bootstrap JavaScript.
- Add a [close button]({{< docsref "/components/close-button" >}}) and the `.alert-dismissible` class, which adds extra padding to the right of the alert and positions the close button.
- On the close button, add the `data-dismiss="alert"` attribute, which triggers the JavaScript functionality. Be sure to use the `<button>` element with it for proper behavior across all devices.
- To animate alerts when dismissing them, be sure to add the `.fade` and `.show` classes.
You can see this in action with a live demo:
{{< example >}}
<div class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade show" role="alert">
<strong>Holy guacamole!</strong> You should check in on some of those fields below.
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## JavaScript behavior
### Triggers
Enable dismissal of an alert via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var alertList = document.querySelectorAll('.alert')
alertList.forEach(function (alert) {
new bootstrap.Alert(alert)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
Or with `data` attributes on a button **within the alert**, as demonstrated above:
{{< highlight html >}}
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
{{< /highlight >}}
Note that closing an alert will remove it from the DOM.
### Methods
You can create an alert instance with the alert constructor, for example:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myAlert = document.getElementById('myAlert')
var bsAlert = new bootstrap.Alert(myAlert)
{{< /highlight >}}
This makes an alert listen for click events on descendant elements which have the `data-dismiss="alert"` attribute. (Not necessary when using the data-api's auto-initialization.)
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<code>close</code>
</td>
<td>
Closes an alert by removing it from the DOM. If the <code>.fade</code> and <code>.show</code> classes are present on the element, the alert will fade out before it is removed.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>dispose</code>
</td>
<td>
Destroys an element's alert.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>getInstance</code>
</td>
<td>
Static method which allows you to get the alert instance associated to a DOM element, you can use it like this: <code>bootstrap.Alert.getInstance(alert)</code>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var alertNode = document.querySelector('.alert')
var alert = bootstrap.Alert.getInstance(alertNode)
alert.close()
{{< /highlight >}}
### Events
Bootstrap's alert plugin exposes a few events for hooking into alert functionality.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Event</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>close.bs.alert</code></td>
<td>
Fires immediately when the <code>close</code> instance method is called.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>closed.bs.alert</code></td>
<td>
Fired when the alert has been closed and CSS transitions have completed.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myAlert = document.getElementById('myAlert')
myAlert.addEventListener('closed.bs.alert', function () {
// do something…
})
{{< /highlight >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Badges
description: Documentation and examples for badges, our small count and labeling component.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Example
Badges scale to match the size of the immediate parent element by using relative font sizing and `em` units. As of v5, badges no longer have focus or hover styles for links.
{{< example >}}
<h1>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h1>
<h2>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h2>
<h3>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h3>
<h4>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h4>
<h5>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h5>
<h6>Example heading <span class="badge bg-secondary">New</span></h6>
{{< /example >}}
Badges can be used as part of links or buttons to provide a counter.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">
Notifications <span class="badge bg-secondary">4</span>
</button>
{{< /example >}}
Note that depending on how they are used, badges may be confusing for users of screen readers and similar assistive technologies. While the styling of badges provides a visual cue as to their purpose, these users will simply be presented with the content of the badge. Depending on the specific situation, these badges may seem like random additional words or numbers at the end of a sentence, link, or button.
Unless the context is clear (as with the "Notifications" example, where it is understood that the "4" is the number of notifications), consider including additional context with a visually hidden piece of additional text.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">
Profile <span class="badge bg-secondary">9</span>
<span class="sr-only">unread messages</span>
</button>
{{< /example >}}
## Background colors
Use our background utility classes to quickly change the appearance of a badge. Please note that when using Bootstrap's default `.bg-light`, you'll likely need a text color utility like `.text-dark` for proper styling. This is because background utilities do not set anything but `background-color`.
{{< example >}}
{{< badge.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<span class="badge bg-{{ .name }}{{ if or (eq .name "light") (eq .name "warning") }} text-dark{{ end }}">{{ .name | title }}</span>{{- end -}}
{{< /badge.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Pill badges
Use the `.rounded-pill` utility class to make badges more rounded with a larger `border-radius`.
{{< example >}}
{{< badge.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<span class="badge rounded-pill bg-{{ .name }}{{ if or (eq .name "light") (eq .name "warning") }} text-dark{{ end }}">{{ .name | title }}</span>{{- end -}}
{{< /badge.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Breadcrumb
description: Indicate the current page's location within a navigational hierarchy that automatically adds separators via CSS.
group: components
---
## Example
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="breadcrumb">
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">Home</li>
</ol>
</nav>
<nav aria-label="breadcrumb">
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">Library</li>
</ol>
</nav>
<nav aria-label="breadcrumb">
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Library</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">Data</li>
</ol>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Changing the separator
Separators are automatically added in CSS through [`::before`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::before) and [`content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content). They can be changed by changing `$breadcrumb-divider`. The [quote](https://sass-lang.com/documentation/modules/string#quote) function is needed to generate the quotes around a string, so if you want `>` as separator, you can use this:
```scss
$breadcrumb-divider: quote(">");
```
It's also possible to use an **embedded SVG icon**:
```scss
$breadcrumb-divider: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='8' height='8'%3E%3Cpath d='M2.5 0L1 1.5 3.5 4 1 6.5 2.5 8l4-4-4-4z' fill='currentColor'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
```
The separator can be removed by setting `$breadcrumb-divider` to `none`:
```scss
$breadcrumb-divider: none;
```
## Accessibility
Since breadcrumbs provide a navigation, it's a good idea to add a meaningful label such as `aria-label="breadcrumb"` to describe the type of navigation provided in the `<nav>` element, as well as applying an `aria-current="page"` to the last item of the set to indicate that it represents the current page.
For more information, see the [WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices for the breadcrumb pattern](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#breadcrumb).
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---
layout: docs
title: Button group
description: Group a series of buttons together on a single line with the button group, and super-power them with JavaScript.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Basic example
Wrap a series of buttons with `.btn` in `.btn-group`. Add on optional JavaScript radio and checkbox style behavior with [our buttons plugin]({{< docsref "/components/buttons#button-plugin" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Basic example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Ensure correct `role` and provide a label
In order for assistive technologies (such as screen readers) to convey that a series of buttons is grouped, an appropriate `role` attribute needs to be provided. For button groups, this would be `role="group"`, while toolbars should have a `role="toolbar"`.
In addition, groups and toolbars should be given an explicit label, as most assistive technologies will otherwise not announce them, despite the presence of the correct role attribute. In the examples provided here, we use `aria-label`, but alternatives such as `aria-labelledby` can also be used.
{{< /callout >}}
## Button toolbar
Combine sets of button groups into button toolbars for more complex components. Use utility classes as needed to space out groups, buttons, and more.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="Second group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">5</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">6</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">7</button>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Third group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">8</button>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Feel free to mix input groups with button groups in your toolbars. Similar to the example above, you'll likely need some utilities though to space things properly.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-toolbar mb-3" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group mr-2" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text" id="btnGroupAddon">@</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Input group example" aria-label="Input group example" aria-describedby="btnGroupAddon">
</div>
</div>
<div class="btn-toolbar justify-content-between" role="toolbar" aria-label="Toolbar with button groups">
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="First group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">3</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">4</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text" id="btnGroupAddon2">@</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Input group example" aria-label="Input group example" aria-describedby="btnGroupAddon2">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
Instead of applying button sizing classes to every button in a group, just add `.btn-group-*` to each `.btn-group`, including each one when nesting multiple groups.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group btn-group-lg" role="group" aria-label="Large button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
<br>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Default button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
<br>
<div class="btn-group btn-group-sm" role="group" aria-label="Small button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Middle</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Right</button>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="btn-group btn-group-lg" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
<div class="btn-group btn-group-sm" role="group" aria-label="...">...</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Nesting
Place a `.btn-group` within another `.btn-group` when you want dropdown menus mixed with a series of buttons.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Button group with nested dropdown">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">1</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">2</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupDrop1" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupDrop1">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Vertical variation
Make a set of buttons appear vertically stacked rather than horizontally. **Split button dropdowns are not supported here.**
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group-vertical" role="group" aria-label="Vertical button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group-vertical" role="group" aria-label="Vertical button group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop1" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop1">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Button</button>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop2" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop2">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop3" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop3">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button id="btnGroupVerticalDrop4" type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="btnGroupVerticalDrop4">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Dropdown link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="btn-group-vertical">
...
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
+201
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---
layout: docs
title: Buttons
description: Use Bootstrap's custom button styles for actions in forms, dialogs, and more with support for multiple sizes, states, and more.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Examples
Bootstrap includes several predefined button styles, each serving its own semantic purpose, with a few extras thrown in for more control.
{{< example >}}
{{< buttons.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-{{ .name }}">{{ .name | title }}</button>
{{- end -}}
{{< /buttons.inline >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Disable text wrapping
If you don't want the button text to wrap, you can add the `.text-nowrap` class to the button. In Sass, you can set `$btn-white-space: nowrap` to disable text wrapping for each button.
## Button tags
The `.btn` classes are designed to be used with the `<button>` element. However, you can also use these classes on `<a>` or `<input>` elements (though some browsers may apply a slightly different rendering).
When using button classes on `<a>` elements that are used to trigger in-page functionality (like collapsing content), rather than linking to new pages or sections within the current page, these links should be given a `role="button"` to appropriately convey their purpose to assistive technologies such as screen readers.
{{< example >}}
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Submit">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="reset" value="Reset">
{{< /example >}}
## Outline buttons
In need of a button, but not the hefty background colors they bring? Replace the default modifier classes with the `.btn-outline-*` ones to remove all background images and colors on any button.
{{< example >}}
{{< buttons.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-{{ .name }}">{{ .name | title }}</button>
{{- end -}}
{{< /buttons.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
## Sizes
Fancy larger or smaller buttons? Add `.btn-lg` or `.btn-sm` for additional sizes.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg">Large button</button>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Small button</button>
{{< /example >}}
Create block level buttons—those that span the full width of a parent—by adding `.btn-block`.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block">Block level button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg btn-block">Block level button</button>
{{< /example >}}
## Active state
Buttons will appear pressed (with a darker background, darker border, and inset shadow) when active. **There's no need to add a class to `<button>`s as they use a pseudo-class**. However, you can still force the same active appearance with `.active` (and include the <code>aria-pressed="true"</code> attribute) should you need to replicate the state programmatically.
{{< example >}}
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg active" role="button" aria-pressed="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg active" role="button" aria-pressed="true">Link</a>
{{< /example >}}
## Disabled state
Make buttons look inactive by adding the `disabled` boolean attribute to any `<button>` element. Disabled buttons have `pointer-events: none` applied to, preventing hover and active states from triggering.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" disabled>Button</button>
{{< /example >}}
Disabled buttons using the `<a>` element behave a bit different:
- `<a>`s don't support the `disabled` attribute, so you must add the `.disabled` class to make it visually appear disabled.
- Some future-friendly styles are included to disable all `pointer-events` on anchor buttons. In browsers which support that property, you won't see the disabled cursor at all.
- Disabled buttons should include the `aria-disabled="true"` attribute to indicate the state of the element to assistive technologies.
{{< example >}}
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Link functionality caveat
The `.disabled` class uses `pointer-events: none` to try to disable the link functionality of `<a>`s, but that CSS property is not yet standardized. In addition, even in browsers that do support `pointer-events: none`, keyboard navigation remains unaffected, meaning that sighted keyboard users and users of assistive technologies will still be able to activate these links. So to be safe, add a `tabindex="-1"` attribute on these links (to prevent them from receiving keyboard focus) and use custom JavaScript to disable their functionality.
{{< /callout >}}
## Button plugin
Do more with buttons. Control button states or create groups of buttons for more components like toolbars.
### Toggle states
Add `data-toggle="button"` to toggle a button's `active` state. If you're pre-toggling a button, you must manually add the `.active` class **and** `aria-pressed="true"` to the `<button>`.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="button" aria-pressed="false" autocomplete="off">
Single toggle
</button>
{{< /example >}}
### Checkbox and radio buttons
Bootstrap's `.button` styles can be applied to other elements, such as `<label>`s, to provide checkbox or radio style button toggling. Add `data-toggle="buttons"` to a `.btn-group` containing those modified buttons to enable their toggling behavior via JavaScript and add `.btn-group-toggle` to style the `<input>`s within your buttons. **Note that you can create single input-powered buttons or groups of them.**
The checked state for these buttons is **only updated via `click` event** on the button. If you use another method to update the input—e.g., with `<input type="reset">` or by manually applying the input's `checked` property—you'll need to toggle `.active` on the `<label>` manually.
Note that pre-checked buttons require you to manually add the `.active` class to the input's `<label>`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group-toggle" data-toggle="buttons">
<label class="btn btn-secondary active">
<input type="checkbox" checked autocomplete="off"> Checked
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group btn-group-toggle" data-toggle="buttons">
<label class="btn btn-secondary active">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option1" autocomplete="off" checked> Active
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option2" autocomplete="off"> Radio
</label>
<label class="btn btn-secondary">
<input type="radio" name="options" id="option3" autocomplete="off"> Radio
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Methods
You can create a button instance with the button constructor, for example:
{{< highlight js >}}
var button = document.getElementById('myButton')
var bsButton = new bootstrap.Button(button)
{{< /highlight >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<code>toggle</code>
</td>
<td>
Toggles push state. Gives the button the appearance that it has been activated.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>dispose</code>
</td>
<td>
Destroys an element's button.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
For example, to toggle all buttons
{{< highlight js >}}
var buttons = document.querySelectorAll('.btn')
buttons.forEach(function (button) {
var button = new bootstrap.Button(button)
button.toggle()
})
{{< /highlight >}}
+710
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---
layout: docs
title: Cards
description: Bootstrap's cards provide a flexible and extensible content container with multiple variants and options.
group: components
toc: true
---
## About
A **card** is a flexible and extensible content container. It includes options for headers and footers, a wide variety of content, contextual background colors, and powerful display options. If you're familiar with Bootstrap 3, cards replace our old panels, wells, and thumbnails. Similar functionality to those components is available as modifier classes for cards.
## Example
Cards are built with as little markup and styles as possible, but still manage to deliver a ton of control and customization. Built with flexbox, they offer easy alignment and mix well with other Bootstrap components. They have no `margin` by default, so use [spacing utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}) as needed.
Below is an example of a basic card with mixed content and a fixed width. Cards have no fixed width to start, so they'll naturally fill the full width of its parent element. This is easily customized with our various [sizing options](#sizing).
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Content types
Cards support a wide variety of content, including images, text, list groups, links, and more. Below are examples of what's supported.
### Body
The building block of a card is the `.card-body`. Use it whenever you need a padded section within a card.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
This is some text within a card body.
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Titles, text, and links
Card titles are used by adding `.card-title` to a `<h*>` tag. In the same way, links are added and placed next to each other by adding `.card-link` to an `<a>` tag.
Subtitles are used by adding a `.card-subtitle` to a `<h*>` tag. If the `.card-title` and the `.card-subtitle` items are placed in a `.card-body` item, the card title and subtitle are aligned nicely.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Images
`.card-img-top` places an image to the top of the card. With `.card-text`, text can be added to the card. Text within `.card-text` can also be styled with the standard HTML tags.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### List groups
Create lists of content in a card with a flush list group.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-header">
Featured
</div>
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Kitchen sink
Mix and match multiple content types to create the card you need, or throw everything in there. Shown below are image styles, blocks, text styles, and a list group—all wrapped in a fixed-width card.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
<div class="card-body">
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Header and footer
Add an optional header and/or footer within a card.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
Featured
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Card headers can be styled by adding `.card-header` to `<h*>` elements.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card">
<h5 class="card-header">Featured</h5>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
Quote
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<blockquote class="blockquote mb-0">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
Featured
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-muted">
2 days ago
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
Cards assume no specific `width` to start, so they'll be 100% wide unless otherwise stated. You can change this as needed with custom CSS, grid classes, grid Sass mixins, or utilities.
### Using grid markup
Using the grid, wrap cards in columns and rows as needed.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Using utilities
Use our handful of [available sizing utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/sizing" >}}) to quickly set a card's width.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card w-75">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card w-50">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Using custom CSS
Use custom CSS in your stylesheets or as inline styles to set a width.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Text alignment
You can quickly change the text alignment of any card—in its entirety or specific parts—with our [text align classes]({{< docsref "/utilities/text#text-alignment" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<div class="card" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card text-center" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card text-right" style="width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Navigation
Add some navigation to a card's header (or block) with Bootstrap's [nav components]({{< docsref "/components/navs" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs card-header-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="true" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-header">
<ul class="nav nav-pills card-header-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h5>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Images
Cards include a few options for working with images. Choose from appending "image caps" at either end of a card, overlaying images with card content, or simply embedding the image in a card.
### Image caps
Similar to headers and footers, cards can include top and bottom "image caps"—images at the top or bottom of a card.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card mb-3">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-bottom" text="Image cap" >}}
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Image overlays
Turn an image into a card background and overlay your card's text. Depending on the image, you may or may not need additional styles or utilities.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card bg-dark text-white">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="270" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg card-img" text="Card image" >}}
<div class="card-img-overlay">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text">Last updated 3 mins ago</p>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
Note that content should not be larger than the height of the image. If content is larger than the image the content will be displayed outside the image.
{{< /callout >}}
## Horizontal
Using a combination of grid and utility classes, cards can be made horizontal in a mobile-friendly and responsive way. In the example below, we remove the grid gutters with `.g-0` and use `.col-md-*` classes to make the card horizontal at the `md` breakpoint. Further adjustments may be needed depending on your card content.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card mb-3" style="max-width: 540px;">
<div class="row g-0">
<div class="col-md-4">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="250" text="Image" >}}
</div>
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Card styles
Cards include various options for customizing their backgrounds, borders, and color.
### Background and color
Use [text and background utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/colors" >}}) to change the appearance of a card.
{{< example >}}
{{< card.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="card{{ if not (or (eq .name "light") (eq .name "warning")) }} text-white{{ end }} bg-{{ .name }} mb-3" style="max-width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-header">Header</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">{{ .name | title }} card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
</div>
{{- end -}}
{{< /card.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
### Border
Use [border utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/borders" >}}) to change just the `border-color` of a card. Note that you can put `.text-{color}` classes on the parent `.card` or a subset of the card's contents as shown below.
{{< example >}}
{{< card.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="card border-{{ .name }} mb-3" style="max-width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-header">Header</div>
<div class="card-body{{ if not (eq .name "light") }} text-{{ .name }}{{ end }}">
<h5 class="card-title">{{ .name | title }} card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
</div>
{{- end -}}
{{< /card.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
### Mixins utilities
You can also change the borders on the card header and footer as needed, and even remove their `background-color` with `.bg-transparent`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card border-success mb-3" style="max-width: 18rem;">
<div class="card-header bg-transparent border-success">Header</div>
<div class="card-body text-success">
<h5 class="card-title">Success card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer bg-transparent border-success">Footer</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Card layout
In addition to styling the content within cards, Bootstrap includes a few options for laying out series of cards. For the time being, **these layout options are not yet responsive**.
### Card groups
Use card groups to render cards as a single, attached element with equal width and height columns. Card groups start off stacked and use `display: flex;` to become attached with uniform dimensions starting at the `sm` breakpoint.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card-group">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
When using card groups with footers, their content will automatically line up.
{{< example >}}
<div class="card-group">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Grid cards
Use the Bootstrap grid system and its [`.row-cols` classes]({{< docsref "/layout/grid#row-columns" >}}) to control how many grid columns (wrapped around your cards) you show per row. For example, here's `.row-cols-1` laying out the cards on one column, and `.row-cols-md-2` splitting four cards to equal width across multiple rows, from the medium breakpoint up.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-2 g-4">
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Change it to `.row-cols-3` and you'll see the fourth card wrap.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
When you need equal height, add `.h-100` to the cards. If you want equal heights by default, you can set `$card-height: 100%` in Sass.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a short card.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="140" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Just like with card groups, card footers will automatically line up.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card h-100">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="180" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.</p>
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Masonry
In `v4` we used a CSS-only technique to mimic the behavior of [Masonry](https://masonry.desandro.com/)-like columns, but this technique came with lots of unpleasant [side effects](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/28922). If you want to have this type of layout in `v5`, you can just make use of Masonry plugin. **Masonry is not included in Bootstrap**, but we've made a [demo example]({{< docsref "/examples/masonry" >}}) to help you get started.
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Carousel
description: A slideshow component for cycling through elements—images or slides of text—like a carousel.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
The carousel is a slideshow for cycling through a series of content, built with CSS 3D transforms and a bit of JavaScript. It works with a series of images, text, or custom markup. It also includes support for previous/next controls and indicators.
In browsers where the [Page Visibility API](https://www.w3.org/TR/page-visibility/) is supported, the carousel will avoid sliding when the webpage is not visible to the user (such as when the browser tab is inactive, the browser window is minimized, etc.).
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Please be aware that nested carousels are not supported, and carousels are generally not compliant with accessibility standards.
## Example
Carousels don't automatically normalize slide dimensions. As such, you may need to use additional utilities or custom styles to appropriately size content. While carousels support previous/next controls and indicators, they're not explicitly required. Add and customize as you see fit.
**The `.active` class needs to be added to one of the slides** otherwise the carousel will not be visible. Also be sure to set a unique id on the `.carousel` for optional controls, especially if you're using multiple carousels on a single page. Control and indicator elements must have a `data-target` attribute (or `href` for links) that matches the id of the `.carousel` element.
### Slides only
Here's a carousel with slides only. Note the presence of the `.d-block` and `.w-100` on carousel images to prevent browser default image alignment.
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleSlidesOnly" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### With controls
Adding in the previous and next controls:
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleControls" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleControls" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleControls" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### With indicators
You can also add the indicators to the carousel, alongside the controls, too.
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleIndicators" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### With captions
Add captions to your slides easily with the `.carousel-caption` element within any `.carousel-item`. They can be easily hidden on smaller viewports, as shown below, with optional [display utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/display" >}}). We hide them initially with `.d-none` and bring them back on medium-sized devices with `.d-md-block`.
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleCaptions" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h5>First slide label</h5>
<p>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue mollis interdum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h5>Second slide label</h5>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
<div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
<h5>Third slide label</h5>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleCaptions" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleCaptions" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Crossfade
Add `.carousel-fade` to your carousel to animate slides with a fade transition instead of a slide.
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleFade" class="carousel slide carousel-fade" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleFade" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleFade" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Individual `.carousel-item` interval
Add `data-interval=""` to a `.carousel-item` to change the amount of time to delay between automatically cycling to the next item.
{{< example >}}
<div id="carouselExampleInterval" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active" data-interval="10000">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#555" background="#777" text="First slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item" data-interval="2000">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#444" background="#666" text="Second slide" >}}
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="800" height="400" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg d-block w-100" color="#333" background="#555" text="Third slide" >}}
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleInterval" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleInterval" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Usage
### Via data attributes
Use data attributes to easily control the position of the carousel. `data-slide` accepts the keywords `prev` or `next`, which alters the slide position relative to its current position. Alternatively, use `data-slide-to` to pass a raw slide index to the carousel `data-slide-to="2"`, which shifts the slide position to a particular index beginning with `0`.
The `data-ride="carousel"` attribute is used to mark a carousel as animating starting at page load. If you don't use `data-ride="carousel"` to initialize your carousel, you have to initialize it yourself. **It cannot be used in combination with (redundant and unnecessary) explicit JavaScript initialization of the same carousel.**
### Via JavaScript
Call carousel manually with:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCarousel = document.querySelector('#myCarousel')
var carousel = new bootstrap.Carousel(myCarousel)
{{< /highlight >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-interval=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>interval</td>
<td>number</td>
<td>5000</td>
<td>The amount of time to delay between automatically cycling an item. If false, carousel will not automatically cycle.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keyboard</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Whether the carousel should react to keyboard events.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pause</td>
<td>string | boolean</td>
<td>"hover"</td>
<td><p>If set to <code>"hover"</code>, pauses the cycling of the carousel on <code>mouseenter</code> and resumes the cycling of the carousel on <code>mouseleave</code>. If set to <code>false</code>, hovering over the carousel won't pause it.</p>
<p>On touch-enabled devices, when set to <code>"hover"</code>, cycling will pause on <code>touchend</code> (once the user finished interacting with the carousel) for two intervals, before automatically resuming. Note that this is in addition to the above mouse behavior.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>slide</td>
<td>string | boolean</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>Autoplays the carousel after the user manually cycles the first item. If "carousel", autoplays the carousel on load.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>wrap</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Whether the carousel should cycle continuously or have hard stops.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>touch</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Whether the carousel should support left/right swipe interactions on touchscreen devices.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
You can create a carousel instance with the carousel constructor, for example, to initialize with additional options and start cycling through items:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCarousel = document.querySelector('#myCarousel')
var carousel = new bootstrap.Carousel(myCarousel, {
interval: 2000,
wrap: false
})
{{< /highlight >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>cycle</code></td>
<td>Cycles through the carousel items from left to right.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>pause</code></td>
<td>Stops the carousel from cycling through items.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>prev</code></td>
<td>Cycles to the previous item. <strong>Returns to the caller before the previous item has been shown</strong> (e.g., before the <code>slid.bs.carousel</code> event occurs).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>next</code></td>
<td>Cycles to the next item. <strong>Returns to the caller before the next item has been shown</strong> (e.g., before the <code>slid.bs.carousel</code> event occurs).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>nextWhenVisible</code></td>
<td>Cycles the carousel to a particular frame (0 based, similar to an array). <strong>Returns to the caller before the target item has been shown</strong> (e.g., before the <code>slid.bs.carousel</code> event occurs).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dispose</code></td>
<td>Destroys an element's carousel.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>getInstance</code></td>
<td>Static method which allows you to get the carousel instance associated with a DOM element.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Events
Bootstrap's carousel class exposes two events for hooking into carousel functionality. Both events have the following additional properties:
- `direction`: The direction in which the carousel is sliding (either `"left"` or `"right"`).
- `relatedTarget`: The DOM element that is being slid into place as the active item.
- `from`: The index of the current item
- `to`: The index of the next item
All carousel events are fired at the carousel itself (i.e. at the `<div class="carousel">`).
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>slide.bs.carousel</code></td>
<td>Fires immediately when the <code>slide</code> instance method is invoked.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>slid.bs.carousel</code></td>
<td>Fired when the carousel has completed its slide transition.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCarousel = document.getElementById('myCarousel')
myCarousel.addEventListener('slide.bs.carousel', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
### Change transition duration
The transition duration of `.carousel-item` can be changed with the `$carousel-transition` Sass variable before compiling or custom styles if you're using the compiled CSS. If multiple transitions are applied, make sure the transform transition is defined first (eg. `transition: transform 2s ease, opacity .5s ease-out`).
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Close button
description: A generic close button for dismissing content like modals and alerts.
group: components
---
**Be sure to include text for screen readers**, as we've done with `aria-label`. Disabled close buttons have `pointer-events: none` applied to, preventing hover and active states from triggering.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
<button type="button" class="close" disabled aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
{{< /example >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Collapse
description: Toggle the visibility of content across your project with a few classes and our JavaScript plugins.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
The collapse JavaScript plugin is used to show and hide content. Buttons or anchors are used as triggers that are mapped to specific elements you toggle. Collapsing an element will animate the `height` from its current value to `0`. Given how CSS handles animations, you cannot use `padding` on a `.collapse` element. Instead, use the class as an independent wrapping element.
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Example
Click the buttons below to show and hide another element via class changes:
- `.collapse` hides content
- `.collapsing` is applied during transitions
- `.collapse.show` shows content
You can use a link with the `href` attribute, or a button with the `data-target` attribute. In both cases, the `data-toggle="collapse"` is required.
{{< example >}}
<p>
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseExample" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Link with href
</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseExample" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Button with data-target
</button>
</p>
<div class="collapse" id="collapseExample">
<div class="card card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident.
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Multiple targets
A `<button>` or `<a>` can show and hide multiple elements by referencing them with a selector in its `href` or `data-target` attribute.
Multiple `<button>` or `<a>` can show and hide an element if they each reference it with their `href` or `data-target` attribute
{{< example >}}
<p>
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="collapse" href="#multiCollapseExample1" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multiCollapseExample1">Toggle first element</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#multiCollapseExample2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multiCollapseExample2">Toggle second element</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".multi-collapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multiCollapseExample1 multiCollapseExample2">Toggle both elements</button>
</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
<div class="collapse multi-collapse" id="multiCollapseExample1">
<div class="card card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="collapse multi-collapse" id="multiCollapseExample2">
<div class="card card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Accordion example
Using the [card]({{< docsref "/components/card" >}}) component, you can extend the default collapse behavior to create an accordion. To properly achieve the accordion style, be sure to use `.accordion` as a wrapper.
{{< example >}}
<div class="accordion" id="accordionExample">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" id="headingOne">
<h2 class="mb-0">
<button class="btn btn-link btn-block text-left" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseOne" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseOne">
Collapsible Group Item #1
</button>
</h2>
</div>
<div id="collapseOne" class="collapse show" aria-labelledby="headingOne" data-parent="#accordionExample">
<div class="card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" id="headingTwo">
<h2 class="mb-0">
<button class="btn btn-link btn-block text-left collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseTwo" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseTwo">
Collapsible Group Item #2
</button>
</h2>
</div>
<div id="collapseTwo" class="collapse" aria-labelledby="headingTwo" data-parent="#accordionExample">
<div class="card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header" id="headingThree">
<h2 class="mb-0">
<button class="btn btn-link btn-block text-left collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseThree" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseThree">
Collapsible Group Item #3
</button>
</h2>
</div>
<div id="collapseThree" class="collapse" aria-labelledby="headingThree" data-parent="#accordionExample">
<div class="card-body">
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3 wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus labore sustainable VHS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Accessibility
Be sure to add `aria-expanded` to the control element. This attribute explicitly conveys the current state of the collapsible element tied to the control to screen readers and similar assistive technologies. If the collapsible element is closed by default, the attribute on the control element should have a value of `aria-expanded="false"`. If you've set the collapsible element to be open by default using the `show` class, set `aria-expanded="true"` on the control instead. The plugin will automatically toggle this attribute on the control based on whether or not the collapsible element has been opened or closed (via JavaScript, or because the user triggered another control element also tied to the same collapsible element). If the control element's HTML element is not a button (e.g., an `<a>` or `<div>`), the attribute `role="button"` should be added to the element.
If your control element is targeting a single collapsible element i.e. the `data-target` attribute is pointing to an `id` selector you should add the `aria-controls` attribute to the control element, containing the `id` of the collapsible element. Modern screen readers and similar assistive technologies make use of this attribute to provide users with additional shortcuts to navigate directly to the collapsible element itself.
Note that Bootstrap's current implementation does not cover the various keyboard interactions described in the [WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices 1.1 accordion pattern](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices-1.1/#accordion) - you will need to include these yourself with custom JavaScript.
## Usage
The collapse plugin utilizes a few classes to handle the heavy lifting:
- `.collapse` hides the content
- `.collapse.show` shows the content
- `.collapsing` is added when the transition starts, and removed when it finishes
These classes can be found in `_transitions.scss`.
### Via data attributes
Just add `data-toggle="collapse"` and a `data-target` to the element to automatically assign control of one or more collapsible elements. The `data-target` attribute accepts a CSS selector to apply the collapse to. Be sure to add the class `collapse` to the collapsible element. If you'd like it to default open, add the additional class `show`.
To add accordion-like group management to a collapsible area, add the data attribute `data-parent="#selector"`. Refer to the demo to see this in action.
### Via JavaScript
Enable manually with:
{{< highlight js >}}
var collapseElementList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('.collapse'))
var collapseList = collapseElementList.map(function (collapseEl) {
return new bootstrap.Collapse(collapseEl)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-parent=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>parent</td>
<td>selector | jQuery object | DOM element </td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If parent is provided, then all collapsible elements under the specified parent will be closed when this collapsible item is shown. (similar to traditional accordion behavior - this is dependent on the <code>card</code> class). The attribute has to be set on the target collapsible area.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>toggle</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Toggles the collapsible element on invocation</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Activates your content as a collapsible element. Accepts an optional options `object`.
You can create a collapse instance with the constructor, for example:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCollapse = document.getElementById('myCollapse')
var bsCollapse = new bootstrap.Collapse(myCollapse, {
toggle: false
})
{{< /highlight >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>toggle</code></td>
<td>Toggles a collapsible element to shown or hidden. <strong>Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been shown or hidden</strong> (i.e. before the <code>shown.bs.collapse</code> or <code>hidden.bs.collapse</code> event occurs).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>show</code></td>
<td>Shows a collapsible element. <strong>Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been shown</strong> (e.g., before the <code>shown.bs.collapse</code> event occurs). </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>hide</code></td>
<td>Hides a collapsible element. <strong>Returns to the caller before the collapsible element has actually been hidden</strong> (e.g., before the <code>hidden.bs.collapse</code> event occurs).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dispose</code></td>
<td>Destroys an element's collapse.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>getInstance</code></td>
<td>Static method which allows you to get the collapse instance associated with a DOM element.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Events
Bootstrap's collapse class exposes a few events for hooking into collapse functionality.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired when a collapse element has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.collapse</td>
<td>This event is fired when a collapse element has been hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCollapsible = document.getElementById('myCollapsible')
myCollapsible.addEventListener('hidden.bs.collapse', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,971 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Dropdowns
description: Toggle contextual overlays for displaying lists of links and more with the Bootstrap dropdown plugin.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Dropdowns are toggleable, contextual overlays for displaying lists of links and more. They're made interactive with the included Bootstrap dropdown JavaScript plugin. They're toggled by clicking, not by hovering; this is [an intentional design decision](https://markdotto.com/2012/02/27/bootstrap-explained-dropdowns/).
Dropdowns are built on a third party library, [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org/), which provides dynamic positioning and viewport detection. Be sure to include [popper.min.js]({{< param "cdn.popper" >}}) before Bootstrap's JavaScript or use `bootstrap.bundle.min.js` / `bootstrap.bundle.js` which contains Popper.js. Popper.js isn't used to position dropdowns in navbars though as dynamic positioning isn't required.
## Accessibility
The [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr>](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/) standard defines an actual [`role="menu"` widget](https://www.w3.org/WAI/PF/aria/roles#menu), but this is specific to application-like menus which trigger actions or functions. <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> menus can only contain menu items, checkbox menu items, radio button menu items, radio button groups, and sub-menus.
Bootstrap's dropdowns, on the other hand, are designed to be generic and applicable to a variety of situations and markup structures. For instance, it is possible to create dropdowns that contain additional inputs and form controls, such as search fields or login forms. For this reason, Bootstrap does not expect (nor automatically add) any of the `role` and `aria-` attributes required for true <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> menus. Authors will have to include these more specific attributes themselves.
However, Bootstrap does add built-in support for most standard keyboard menu interactions, such as the ability to move through individual `.dropdown-item` elements using the cursor keys and close the menu with the <kbd>ESC</kbd> key.
## Examples
Wrap the dropdown's toggle (your button or link) and the dropdown menu within `.dropdown`, or another element that declares `position: relative;`. Dropdowns can be triggered from `<a>` or `<button>` elements to better fit your potential needs. The examples shown here use semantic `<ul>` elements where appropriate, but custom markup is supported.
### Single button
Any single `.btn` can be turned into a dropdown toggle with some markup changes. Here's how you can put them to work with either `<button>` elements:
{{< example >}}
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
And with `<a>` elements:
{{< example >}}
<div class="dropdown">
<a class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" id="dropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuLink">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
The best part is you can do this with any button variant, too:
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Primary</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Secondary</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Success</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Info</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Warning</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Danger</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Example single danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Action
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Split button
Similarly, create split button dropdowns with virtually the same markup as single button dropdowns, but with the addition of `.dropdown-toggle-split` for proper spacing around the dropdown caret.
We use this extra class to reduce the horizontal `padding` on either side of the caret by 25% and remove the `margin-left` that's added for regular button dropdowns. Those extra changes keep the caret centered in the split button and provide a more appropriately sized hit area next to the main button.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Example split danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Sizing
Button dropdowns work with buttons of all sizes, including default and split dropdown buttons.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar">
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group ml-2">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary">Large split button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /btn-toolbar -->
<div class="btn-toolbar" role="toolbar">
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<div class="btn-group ml-2">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary">Small split button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /btn-toolbar -->
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Large button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Large button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" type="button">
Large split button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Small button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Small button
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm" type="button">
Small split button
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
...
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Directions
### Dropup
Trigger dropdown menus above elements by adding `.dropup` to the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropup
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropup
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Default dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropup
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropup
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Dropright
Trigger dropdown menus at the right of the elements by adding `.dropright` to the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group dropright">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropright
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group dropright">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropright
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropright</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Default dropright button -->
<div class="btn-group dropright">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropright
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropright button -->
<div class="btn-group dropright">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropright
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropright</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Dropleft
Trigger dropdown menus at the left of the elements by adding `.dropleft` to the parent element.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="btn-group dropleft">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropleft
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<div class="btn-group dropleft" role="group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropleft</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropleft
</button>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Default dropleft button -->
<div class="btn-group dropleft">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropleft
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Split dropleft button -->
<div class="btn-group">
<div class="btn-group dropleft" role="group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropleft</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<!-- Dropdown menu links -->
</ul>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
Split dropleft
</button>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Menu items
Historically dropdown menu contents *had* to be links, but that's no longer the case with v4. Now you can optionally use `<button>` elements in your dropdowns instead of just `<a>`s.
{{< example >}}
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
You can also create non-interactive dropdown items with `.dropdown-item-text`. Feel free to style further with custom CSS or text utilities.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><span class="dropdown-item-text">Dropdown item text</span></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Active
Add `.active` to items in the dropdown to **style them as active**. To convey the active state to assistive technologies, use the `aria-current` attribute — using the `page` value for the current page, or `true` for the current item in a set.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#" aria-current="true">Active link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a></li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Disabled
Add `.disabled` to items in the dropdown to **style them as disabled**.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled link</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a></li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Menu alignment
By default, a dropdown menu is automatically positioned 100% from the top and along the left side of its parent. Add `.dropdown-menu-right` to a `.dropdown-menu` to right align the dropdown menu.
{{< callout info >}}
**Heads up!** Dropdowns are positioned thanks to Popper.js (except when they are contained in a navbar).
{{< /callout >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned menu
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Responsive alignment
If you want to use responsive alignment, disable dynamic positioning by adding the `data-display="static"` attribute and use the responsive variation classes.
To align **right** the dropdown menu with the given breakpoint or larger, add `.dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}-right`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Left-aligned but right aligned when large screen
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
To align **left** the dropdown menu with the given breakpoint or larger, add `.dropdown-menu-right` and `.dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}-left`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-display="static" aria-expanded="false">
Right-aligned but left aligned when large screen
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right dropdown-menu-lg-left">
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Note that you don't need to add a `data-display="static"` attribute to dropdown buttons in navbars, since Popper.js isn't used in navbars.
## Menu content
### Headers
Add a header to label sections of actions in any dropdown menu.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><h6 class="dropdown-header">Dropdown header</h6></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Dividers
Separate groups of related menu items with a divider.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Text
Place any freeform text within a dropdown menu with text and use [spacing utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}). Note that you'll likely need additional sizing styles to constrain the menu width.
{{< example >}}
<div class="dropdown-menu p-4 text-muted" style="max-width: 200px;">
<p>
Some example text that's free-flowing within the dropdown menu.
</p>
<p class="mb-0">
And this is more example text.
</p>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Forms
Put a form within a dropdown menu, or make it into a dropdown menu, and use [margin or padding utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}) to give it the negative space you require.
{{< example >}}
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<form class="px-4 py-3">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail1" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail1" placeholder="email@example.com">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword1" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword1" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck">
<label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">New around here? Sign up</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Forgot password?</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<form class="dropdown-menu p-4">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail2" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail2" placeholder="email@example.com">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword2" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword2" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck2">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Dropdown options
Use `data-offset` or `data-reference` to change the location of the dropdown.
{{< example >}}
<div class="d-flex">
<div class="dropdown mr-1">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" id="dropdownMenuOffset" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-offset="10,20">
Offset
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuOffset">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Reference</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" id="dropdownMenuReference" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-reference="parent">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuReference">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Usage
Via data attributes or JavaScript, the dropdown plugin toggles hidden content (dropdown menus) by toggling the `.show` class on the parent list item. The `data-toggle="dropdown"` attribute is relied on for closing dropdown menus at an application level, so it's a good idea to always use it.
{{< callout info >}}
On touch-enabled devices, opening a dropdown adds empty `mouseover` handlers to the immediate children of the `<body>` element. This admittedly ugly hack is necessary to work around a [quirk in iOS' event delegation](https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html), which would otherwise prevent a tap anywhere outside of the dropdown from triggering the code that closes the dropdown. Once the dropdown is closed, these additional empty `mouseover` handlers are removed.
{{< /callout >}}
### Via data attributes
Add `data-toggle="dropdown"` to a link or button to toggle a dropdown.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="dropdown">
<button id="dLabel" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown trigger
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel">
...
</ul>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Via JavaScript
Call the dropdowns via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var dropdownElementList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('.dropdown-toggle'))
var dropdownList = dropdownElementList.map(function (dropdownToggleEl) {
return new bootstrap.Dropdown(dropdownToggleEl)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout info >}}
##### `data-toggle="dropdown"` still required
Regardless of whether you call your dropdown via JavaScript or instead use the data-api, `data-toggle="dropdown"` is always required to be present on the dropdown's trigger element.
{{< /callout >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-offset=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string | function</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Offset of the dropdown relative to its target.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the offset, it is called with an object containing the offset data as its first argument. The function must return an object with the same structure. The triggering element DOM node is passed as the second argument.</p>
<p>For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>flip</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Allow Dropdown to flip in case of an overlapping on the reference element. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..flip.enabled">flip docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>boundary</td>
<td>string | element</td>
<td>'scrollParent'</td>
<td>Overflow constraint boundary of the dropdown menu. Accepts the values of <code>'viewport'</code>, <code>'window'</code>, <code>'scrollParent'</code>, or an HTMLElement reference (JavaScript only). For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..preventOverflow.boundariesElement">preventOverflow docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>reference</td>
<td>string | element</td>
<td>'toggle'</td>
<td>Reference element of the dropdown menu. Accepts the values of <code>'toggle'</code>, <code>'parent'</code>, or an HTMLElement reference. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#referenceObject">referenceObject docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>display</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'dynamic'</td>
<td>By default, we use Popper.js for dynamic positioning. Disable this with <code>static</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>popperConfig</td>
<td>null | object</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>To change Bootstrap's default Popper.js config, see <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#Popper.Defaults">Popper.js's configuration</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Note when `boundary` is set to any value other than `'scrollParent'`, the style `position: static` is applied to the `.dropdown` container.
### Methods
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>toggle</code></td>
<td>
Toggles the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>show</code></td>
<td>
Shows the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>hide</code></td>
<td>
Hides the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>update</code></td>
<td>
Updates the position of an element's dropdown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dispose</code></td>
<td>
Destroys an element's dropdown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>getInstance</code></td>
<td>
Static method which allows you to get the dropdown instance associated with a DOM element.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Events
All dropdown events are fired at the `.dropdown-menu`'s parent element and have a `relatedTarget` property, whose value is the toggling anchor element.
`hide.bs.dropdown` and `hidden.bs.dropdown` events have a `clickEvent` property (only when the original Event type is `click`) that contains an Event Object for the click event.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<code>show.bs.dropdown</code>
</td>
<td>
Fires immediately when the show instance method is called.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>shown.bs.dropdown</code>
</td>
<td>
Fired when the dropdown has been made visible to the user and CSS transitions have completed.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>hide.bs.dropdown</code>
</td>
<td>
Fires immediately when the hide instance method has been called.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>hidden.bs.dropdown</code>
</td>
<td>
Fired when the dropdown has finished being hidden from the user and CSS transitions have completed.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myDropdown = document.getElementById('myDropdown')
myDropdown.addEventListener('show.bs.dropdown', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
---
layout: docs
title: List group
description: List groups are a flexible and powerful component for displaying a series of content. Modify and extend them to support just about any content within.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Basic example
The most basic list group is an unordered list with list items and the proper classes. Build upon it with the options that follow, or with your own CSS as needed.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Active items
Add `.active` to a `.list-group-item` to indicate the current active selection.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item active" aria-current="true">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Disabled items
Add `.disabled` to a `.list-group-item` to make it _appear_ disabled. Note that some elements with `.disabled` will also require custom JavaScript to fully disable their click events (e.g., links).
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item disabled" aria-disabled="true">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Links and buttons
Use `<a>`s or `<button>`s to create _actionable_ list group items with hover, disabled, and active states by adding `.list-group-item-action`. We separate these pseudo-classes to ensure list groups made of non-interactive elements (like `<li>`s or `<div>`s) don't provide a click or tap affordance.
Be sure to **not use the standard `.btn` classes here**.
{{< example >}}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" aria-current="true">
Cras justo odio
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Morbi leo risus</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Porta ac consectetur ac</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action disabled" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Vestibulum at eros</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
With `<button>`s, you can also make use of the `disabled` attribute instead of the `.disabled` class. Sadly, `<a>`s don't support the disabled attribute.
{{< example >}}
<div class="list-group">
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" aria-current="true">
Cras justo odio
</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Morbi leo risus</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Porta ac consectetur ac</button>
<button type="button" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" disabled>Vestibulum at eros</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Flush
Add `.list-group-flush` to remove some borders and rounded corners to render list group items edge-to-edge in a parent container (e.g., cards).
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Porta ac consectetur ac</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Vestibulum at eros</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Horizontal
Add `.list-group-horizontal` to change the layout of list group items from vertical to horizontal across all breakpoints. Alternatively, choose a responsive variant `.list-group-horizontal-{sm|md|lg|xl|xxl}` to make a list group horizontal starting at that breakpoint's `min-width`. Currently **horizontal list groups cannot be combined with flush list groups.**
**ProTip:** Want equal-width list group items when horizontal? Add `.flex-fill` to each list group item.
{{< example >}}
{{< list-group.inline >}}
{{- range $.Site.Data.breakpoints }}
<ul class="list-group list-group-horizontal{{ .abbr }}">
<li class="list-group-item">Cras justo odio</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
<li class="list-group-item">Morbi leo risus</li>
</ul>
{{- end -}}
{{< /list-group.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
## Contextual classes
Use contextual classes to style list items with a stateful background and color.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item">Dapibus ac facilisis in</li>
{{< list.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<li class="list-group-item list-group-item-{{ .name }}">A simple {{ .name }} list group item</li>
{{- end -}}
{{< /list.inline >}}
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
Contextual classes also work with `.list-group-item-action`. Note the addition of the hover styles here not present in the previous example. Also supported is the `.active` state; apply it to indicate an active selection on a contextual list group item.
{{< example >}}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">Dapibus ac facilisis in</a>
{{< list.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action list-group-item-{{ .name }}">A simple {{ .name }} list group item</a>
{{- end -}}
{{< /list.inline >}}
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## With badges
Add badges to any list group item to show unread counts, activity, and more with the help of some [utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Cras justo odio
<span class="badge bg-primary rounded-pill">14</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Dapibus ac facilisis in
<span class="badge bg-primary rounded-pill">2</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
Morbi leo risus
<span class="badge bg-primary rounded-pill">1</span>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## Custom content
Add nearly any HTML within, even for linked list groups like the one below, with the help of [flexbox utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<div class="list-group">
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" aria-current="true">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small>3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small>Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small class="text-muted">3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small class="text-muted">Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
<a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-action">
<div class="d-flex w-100 justify-content-between">
<h5 class="mb-1">List group item heading</h5>
<small class="text-muted">3 days ago</small>
</div>
<p class="mb-1">Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit.</p>
<small class="text-muted">Donec id elit non mi porta.</small>
</a>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Checkboxes and radios
Place Bootstrap's checkboxes and radios within list group items and customize as needed. You can use them without `<label>`s, but please remember to include an `aria-label` attribute and value for accessibility.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-group">
<li class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="...">
Cras justo odio
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="...">
Dapibus ac facilisis in
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="...">
Morbi leo risus
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="...">
Porta ac consectetur ac
</li>
<li class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="...">
Vestibulum at eros
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
And if you want `<label>`s as the `.list-group-item` for large hit areas, you can do that, too.
{{< example >}}
<div class="list-group">
<label class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="">
Cras justo odio
</label>
<label class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="">
Dapibus ac facilisis in
</label>
<label class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="">
Morbi leo risus
</label>
<label class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="">
Porta ac consectetur ac
</label>
<label class="list-group-item">
<input class="form-check-input mr-1" type="checkbox" value="">
Vestibulum at eros
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## JavaScript behavior
Use the tab JavaScript plugin—include it individually or through the compiled `bootstrap.js` file—to extend our list group to create tabbable panes of local content.
<div class="bd-example" role="tabpanel">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div class="list-group" id="list-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" id="list-home-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-home" role="tab" aria-controls="list-home">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-profile-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="list-profile">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-messages-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="list-messages">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-settings-list" data-toggle="tab" href="#list-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="list-settings">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="list-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-home-list">
<p>Velit aute mollit ipsum ad dolor consectetur nulla officia culpa adipisicing exercitation fugiat tempor. Voluptate deserunt sit sunt nisi aliqua fugiat proident ea ut. Mollit voluptate reprehenderit occaecat nisi ad non minim tempor sunt voluptate consectetur exercitation id ut nulla. Ea et fugiat aliquip nostrud sunt incididunt consectetur culpa aliquip eiusmod dolor. Anim ad Lorem aliqua in cupidatat nisi enim eu nostrud do aliquip veniam minim.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-profile-list">
<p>Cupidatat quis ad sint excepteur laborum in esse qui. Et excepteur consectetur ex nisi eu do cillum ad laborum. Mollit et eu officia dolore sunt Lorem culpa qui commodo velit ex amet id ex. Officia anim incididunt laboris deserunt anim aute dolor incididunt veniam aute dolore do exercitation. Dolor nisi culpa ex ad irure in elit eu dolore. Ad laboris ipsum reprehenderit irure non commodo enim culpa commodo veniam incididunt veniam ad.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-messages-list">
<p>Ut ut do pariatur aliquip aliqua aliquip exercitation do nostrud commodo reprehenderit aute ipsum voluptate. Irure Lorem et laboris nostrud amet cupidatat cupidatat anim do ut velit mollit consequat enim tempor. Consectetur est minim nostrud nostrud consectetur irure labore voluptate irure. Ipsum id Lorem sit sint voluptate est pariatur eu ad cupidatat et deserunt culpa sit eiusmod deserunt. Consectetur et fugiat anim do eiusmod aliquip nulla laborum elit adipisicing pariatur cillum.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-settings-list">
<p>Irure enim occaecat labore sit qui aliquip reprehenderit amet velit. Deserunt ullamco ex elit nostrud ut dolore nisi officia magna sit occaecat laboris sunt dolor. Nisi eu minim cillum occaecat aute est cupidatat aliqua labore aute occaecat ea aliquip sunt amet. Aute mollit dolor ut exercitation irure commodo non amet consectetur quis amet culpa. Quis ullamco nisi amet qui aute irure eu. Magna labore dolor quis ex labore id nostrud deserunt dolor eiusmod eu pariatur culpa mollit in irure.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div class="list-group" id="list-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" id="list-home-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-home" role="tab" aria-controls="home">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-profile-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-messages-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" id="list-settings-list" data-toggle="list" href="#list-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="list-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-home-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-profile-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-messages-list">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="list-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="list-settings-list">...</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Using data attributes
You can activate a list group navigation without writing any JavaScript by simply specifying `data-toggle="list"` or on an element. Use these data attributes on `.list-group-item`.
<div role="tabpanel">
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- List group -->
<div class="list-group" id="myList" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" data-toggle="list" href="#home" role="tab">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#profile" role="tab">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#messages" role="tab">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#settings" role="tab">Settings</a>
</div>
<!-- Tab panes -->
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
</div>
### Via JavaScript
Enable tabbable list item via JavaScript (each list item needs to be activated individually):
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerTabList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('#myTab a'))
triggerTabList.forEach(function (triggerEl) {
var tabTrigger = new bootstrap.Tab(triggerEl)
triggerEl.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
tabTrigger.show()
})
})
{{< /highlight >}}
You can activate individual list item in several ways:
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerEl = document.querySelector('#myTab a[href="#profile"]')
bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerEl).show() // Select tab by name
var triggerFirstTabEl = document.querySelector('#myTab li:first-child a')
bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerFirstTabEl).show() // Select first tab
{{< /highlight >}}
### Fade effect
To make tabs panel fade in, add `.fade` to each `.tab-pane`. The first tab pane must also have `.show` to make the initial content visible.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Methods
#### constructor
Activates a list item element and content container. Tab should have either a `data-target` or an `href` targeting a container node in the DOM.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="list-group" id="myList" role="tablist">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action active" data-toggle="list" href="#home" role="tab">Home</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#profile" role="tab">Profile</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#messages" role="tab">Messages</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" data-toggle="list" href="#settings" role="tab">Settings</a>
</div>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel">...</div>
</div>
<script>
var firstTabEl = document.querySelector('#myTab a:last-child')
var firstTab = new bootstrap.Tab(firstTabEl)
firstTab.show()
</script>
{{< /highlight >}}
#### show
Selects the given list item and shows its associated pane. Any other list item that was previously selected becomes unselected and its associated pane is hidden. **Returns to the caller before the tab pane has actually been shown** (for example, before the `shown.bs.tab` event occurs).
{{< highlight js >}}
var someListItemEl = document.querySelector('#someListItem')
var tab = new bootstrap.Tab(someListItemEl)
tab.show()
{{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Destroys an element's tab.
#### getInstance
*Static* method which allows you to get the tab instance associated with a DOM element
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerEl = document.querySelector('#trigger')
var tab = bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerEl) // Returns a Bootstrap tab instance
{{< /highlight >}}
### Events
When showing a new tab, the events fire in the following order:
1. `hide.bs.tab` (on the current active tab)
2. `show.bs.tab` (on the to-be-shown tab)
3. `hidden.bs.tab` (on the previous active tab, the same one as for the `hide.bs.tab` event)
4. `shown.bs.tab` (on the newly-active just-shown tab, the same one as for the `show.bs.tab` event)
If no tab was already active, the `hide.bs.tab` and `hidden.bs.tab` events will not be fired.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show, but before the new tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show after a tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires when a new tab is to be shown (and thus the previous active tab is to be hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the current active tab and the new soon-to-be-active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires after a new tab is shown (and thus the previous active tab is hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the previous active tab and the new active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var tabEl = document.querySelector('a[data-toggle="list"]')
tabEl.addEventListener('shown.bs.tab', function (e) {
e.target // newly activated tab
e.relatedTarget // previous active tab
})
{{< /highlight >}}
+999
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,999 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Modal
description: Use Bootstrap's JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.
- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `<body>` so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{< docsref "/getting-started/browsers-devices#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile" >}}) for details.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModal = document.getElementById('myModal')
var myInput = document.getElementById('myInput')
myModal.addEventListener('shown.bs.modal', function () {
myInput.focus()
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines.
## Examples
### Modal components
Below is a _static_ modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.
<div class="bd-example bd-example-modal">
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Live demo
Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLive" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLiveLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLiveLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Woohoo, you're reading this text in a modal!</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLive">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Static backdrop
When backdrop is set to static, the modal will not close when clicking outside it. Click the button below to try it.
<div class="modal fade" id="staticBackdropLive" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="staticBackdropLiveLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="staticBackdropLiveLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>I will not close if you click outside me. Don't even try to press escape key.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Understood</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#staticBackdropLive">
Launch static backdrop modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#staticBackdrop">
Launch static backdrop modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="staticBackdrop" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="staticBackdropLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="staticBackdropLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Understood</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Scrolling long content
When modals become too long for the user's viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLong" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLongTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLong">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
You can also create a scrollable modal that allows scroll the modal body by adding `.modal-dialog-scrollable` to `.modal-dialog`.
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalScrollable" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalScrollableTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-scrollable">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalScrollableTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalScrollable">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Scrollable modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-scrollable">
...
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Vertically centered
Add `.modal-dialog-centered` to `.modal-dialog` to vertically center the modal.
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalCenter" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalCenterTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalCenterTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalCenteredScrollable" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalCenteredScrollableTitle" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalCenteredScrollableTitle">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalCenter">
Vertically centered modal
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalCenteredScrollable">
Vertically centered scrollable modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Vertically centered modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
...
</div>
<!-- Vertically centered scrollable modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable">
...
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Tooltips and popovers
[Tooltips]({{< docsref "/components/tooltips" >}}) and [popovers]({{< docsref "/components/popovers" >}}) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalPopovers" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalPopoversLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalPopoversLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
<p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute." data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip" data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip" data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalPopovers">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="modal-body">
<h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
<p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Using the grid
Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.
<div class="modal fade" id="gridSystemModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="gridModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="gridModalLabel">Grids in modals</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="container-fluid bd-example-row">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 ml-auto">.col-md-4 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 ml-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-auto</div>
<div class="col-md-2 ml-auto">.col-md-2 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 ml-auto">.col-md-6 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-9">
Level 1: .col-sm-9
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
</div>
<div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#gridSystemModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 ml-auto">.col-md-4 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 ml-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-auto</div>
<div class="col-md-2 ml-auto">.col-md-2 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 ml-auto">.col-md-6 .ml-auto</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-9">
Level 1: .col-sm-9
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
</div>
<div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Varying modal content
Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto/Use_data_attributes) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.
Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, [read the modal events docs](#events) for details on `relatedTarget`.
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@mdo">Open modal for @mdo</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@fat">Open modal for @fat</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@getbootstrap">Open modal for @getbootstrap</button>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">New message</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<form>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="recipient-name" class="col-form-label">Recipient:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="recipient-name">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="message-text" class="col-form-label">Message:</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="message-text"></textarea>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Send message</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< highlight js >}}
var exampleModal = document.getElementById('exampleModal')
exampleModal.addEventListener('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
// Button that triggered the modal
var button = event.relatedTarget
// Extract info from data-* attributes
var recipient = button.getAttribute('data-whatever')
// If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here
// and then do the updating in a callback.
//
// Update the modal's content.
exampleModal.querySelector('.modal-title').textContent = 'New message to ' + recipient
exampleModal.querySelector('.modal-body input').value = recipient
})
{{< /highlight >}}
### Change animation
The `$modal-fade-transform` variable determines the transform state of `.modal-dialog` before the modal fade-in animation, the `$modal-show-transform` variable determines the transform of `.modal-dialog` at the end of the modal fade-in animation.
If you want for example a zoom-in animation, you can set `$modal-fade-transform: scale(.8)`.
### Remove animation
For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="..." aria-hidden="true">
...
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Dynamic heights
If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `myModal.handleUpdate()` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.
### Accessibility
Be sure to add `role="dialog"` and `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`.
### Embedding YouTube videos
Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information.
## Optional sizes
Modals have three optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Size</th>
<th>Class</th>
<th>Modal max-width</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td><code>.modal-sm</code></td>
<td><code>300px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default</td>
<td class="text-muted">None</td>
<td><code>500px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td><code>.modal-lg</code></td>
<td><code>800px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extra large</td>
<td><code>.modal-xl</code></td>
<td><code>1140px</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Our default modal without modifier class constitutes the "medium" size modal.
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalXl">Extra large modal</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLg">Large modal</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalSm">Small modal</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="modal-dialog modal-xl">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">...</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalXl" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalXlLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-xl">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalXlLabel">Extra large modal</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLgLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalLgLabel">Large modal</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalSm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalSmLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalSmLabel">Small modal</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
## Fullscreen Modal
Another override is the option to pop up a modal that covers the user viewport, available via modifier classes that are placed on a `.modal-dialog`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Class</th>
<th>Availability</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>.modal-fullscreen</code></td>
<td>Always</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>.modal-fullscreen-sm-down</code></td>
<td><code>Below 576px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>.modal-fullscreen-md-down</code></td>
<td><code>Below 768px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>.modal-fullscreen-lg-down</code></td>
<td><code>Below 992px</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>.modal-fullscreen-xl-down</code></td>
<td><code>Below 1200px</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="bd-example">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalFullscreen">Full screen</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalFullscreenSm">Full screen below sm</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalFullscreenMd">Full screen below md</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalFullscreenLg">Full screen below lg</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalFullscreenXl">Full screen below xl</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Full screen modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-sm-down">
...
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreen" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalFullscreenLabel">Full screen modal</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenSm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenSmLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-sm-down">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalFullscreenSmLabel">Full screen below sm</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenMd" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenMdLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-md-down">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalFullscreenMdLabel">Full screen below md</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenLg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenLgLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-lg-down">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalFullscreenLgLabel">Full screen below lg</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenXl" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenXlLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-xl-down">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title h4" id="exampleModalFullscreenXlLabel">Full screen below xl</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
## Usage
The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.
### Via data attributes
Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.
{{< highlight html >}}
<button type="button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Launch modal</button>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Via JavaScript
Create a modal with a single line of JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModal = new bootstrap.Modal(document.getElementById('myModal'), options)
{{< /highlight >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-backdrop=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>backdrop</td>
<td>boolean or the string <code>'static'</code></td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify <code>static</code> for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keyboard</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Closes the modal when escape key is pressed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>focus</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Puts the focus on the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>show</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Shows the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
#### Passing options
Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModal = new bootstrap.Modal(document.getElementById('myModal'), {
keyboard: false
})
{{< /highlight >}}
#### toggle
Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
{{< highlight js >}}myModal.toggle(){{< /highlight >}}
#### show
Manually opens a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs).
{{< highlight js >}}myModal.show(){{< /highlight >}}
#### hide
Manually hides a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
{{< highlight js >}}myModal.hide(){{< /highlight >}}
#### handleUpdate
Manually readjust the modal's position if the height of a modal changes while it is open (i.e. in case a scrollbar appears).
{{< highlight js >}}myModal.handleUpdate(){{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Destroys an element's modal.
{{< highlight js >}}myModal.dispose(){{< /highlight >}}
#### getInstance
*Static* method which allows you to get the modal instance associated with a DOM element
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModalEl = document.getElementById('myModal')
var modal = bootstrap.Modal.getInstance(myModalEl) // Returns a Bootstrap modal instance
{{< /highlight >}}
### Events
Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidePrevented.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal is shown, its backdrop is <code>static</code> and a click outside the modal or an escape key press is performed with the keyboard option or <code>data-keyboard</code> set to <code>false</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModalEl = document.getElementById('myModal')
myModalEl.addEventListener('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
+600
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,600 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Navbar
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's powerful, responsive navigation header, the navbar. Includes support for branding, navigation, and more, including support for our collapse plugin.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Here's what you need to know before getting started with the navbar:
- Navbars require a wrapping `.navbar` with `.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}` for responsive collapsing and [color scheme](#color-schemes) classes.
- Navbars and their contents are fluid by default. Change the [container](#containers) to limit their horizontal width in different ways.
- Use our [spacing]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}) and [flex]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}) utility classes for controlling spacing and alignment within navbars.
- Navbars are responsive by default, but you can easily modify them to change that. Responsive behavior depends on our Collapse JavaScript plugin.
- Ensure accessibility by using a `<nav>` element or, if using a more generic element such as a `<div>`, add a `role="navigation"` to every navbar to explicitly identify it as a landmark region for users of assistive technologies.
- Indicate the current item by using `aria-current="page"` for the current page or `aria-current="true"` for the current item in a set.
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Read on for an example and list of supported sub-components.
## Supported content
Navbars come with built-in support for a handful of sub-components. Choose from the following as needed:
- `.navbar-brand` for your company, product, or project name.
- `.navbar-nav` for a full-height and lightweight navigation (including support for dropdowns).
- `.navbar-toggler` for use with our collapse plugin and other [navigation toggling](#responsive-behaviors) behaviors.
- Flex and spacing utilities for any form controls and actions.
- `.navbar-text` for adding vertically centered strings of text.
- `.collapse.navbar-collapse` for grouping and hiding navbar contents by a parent breakpoint.
Here's an example of all the sub-components included in a responsive light-themed navbar that automatically collapses at the `lg` (large) breakpoint.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdown" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
This example uses [color]({{< docsref "/utilities/colors" >}}) (`bg-light`) and [spacing]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}) (`my-2`, `my-lg-0`, `mr-sm-0`, `my-sm-0`) utility classes.
### Brand
The `.navbar-brand` can be applied to most elements, but an anchor works best as some elements might require utility classes or custom styles.
{{< example >}}
<!-- As a link -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- As a heading -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<span class="navbar-brand mb-0 h1">Navbar</span>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
Adding images to the `.navbar-brand` will likely always require custom styles or utilities to properly size. Here are some examples to demonstrate.
{{< example >}}
<!-- Just an image -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" alt="" loading="lazy">
</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<!-- Image and text -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" class="d-inline-block align-top" alt="" loading="lazy">
Bootstrap
</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
### Nav
Navbar navigation links build on our `.nav` options with their own modifier class and require the use of [toggler classes](#toggler) for proper responsive styling. **Navigation in navbars will also grow to occupy as much horizontal space as possible** to keep your navbar contents securely aligned.
Active states—with `.active`—to indicate the current page can be applied directly to `.nav-link`s or their immediate parent `.nav-item`s.
Please note that you should also add the `aria-current` attribute on the `.nav-link` itself.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
And because we use classes for our navs, you can avoid the list-based approach entirely if you like.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavAltMarkup">
<div class="navbar-nav">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
You may also utilize dropdowns in your navbar nav. Dropdown menus require a wrapping element for positioning, so be sure to use separate and nested elements for `.nav-item` and `.nav-link` as shown below.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavDropdown">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
### Forms
Place various form controls and components within a navbar:
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
Immediate children elements in `.navbar` use flex layout and will default to `justify-content: space-between`. Use additional [flex utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}) as needed to adjust this behavior.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand">Navbar</a>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
Input groups work, too. If your navbar is an entire form, or mostly form, you can use the `<form>` element as the container and save some HTML. Applies to the option above and below this copy.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<form class="container-fluid">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
Various buttons are supported as part of these navbar forms, too. This is also a great reminder that vertical alignment utilities can be used to align different sized elements.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<form class="container-fluid justify-content-start">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success mr-2" type="button">Main button</button>
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Smaller button</button>
</form>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
### Text
Navbars may contain bits of text with the help of `.navbar-text`. This class adjusts vertical alignment and horizontal spacing for strings of text.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
Mix and match with other components and utilities as needed.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar w/ text</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarText" aria-controls="navbarText" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarText">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
</ul>
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Color schemes
Theming the navbar has never been easier thanks to the combination of theming classes and `background-color` utilities. Choose from `.navbar-light` for use with light background colors, or `.navbar-dark` for dark background colors. Then, customize with `.bg-*` utilities.
<div class="bd-example">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor01" aria-controls="navbarColor01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor01">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-info" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-primary">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor02" aria-controls="navbarColor02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-light" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarColor03" aria-controls="navbarColor03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarColor03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-primary" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-primary">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Containers
Although it's not required, you can wrap a navbar in a `.container` to center it on a page or add one within to only center the contents of a [fixed or static top navbar](#placement). Note that an inner container is still required.
{{< example >}}
<div class="container">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Use any of the responsive containers to change how wide the content in your navbar.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-md">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Placement
Use our [position utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/position" >}}) to place navbars in non-static positions. Choose from fixed to the top, fixed to the bottom, or stickied to the top (scrolls with the page until it reaches the top, then stays there). Fixed navbars use `position: fixed`, meaning they're pulled from the normal flow of the DOM and may require custom CSS (e.g., `padding-top` on the `<body>`) to prevent overlap with other elements.
Also note that **`.sticky-top` uses `position: sticky`, which [isn't fully supported in every browser](https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-sticky)**.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Default</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed top</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar fixed-bottom navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed bottom</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar sticky-top navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Sticky top</a>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Responsive behaviors
Navbars can utilize `.navbar-toggler`, `.navbar-collapse`, and `.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}` classes to change when their content collapses behind a button. In combination with other utilities, you can easily choose when to show or hide particular elements.
For navbars that never collapse, add the `.navbar-expand` class on the navbar. For navbars that always collapse, don't add any `.navbar-expand` class.
### Toggler
Navbar togglers are left-aligned by default, but should they follow a sibling element like a `.navbar-brand`, they'll automatically be aligned to the far right. Reversing your markup will reverse the placement of the toggler. Below are examples of different toggle styles.
With no `.navbar-brand` shown in lowest breakpoint:
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo01">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Hidden brand</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
With a brand name shown on the left and toggler on the right:
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
With a toggler on the left and brand name on the right:
{{< example >}}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container-fluid">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
### External content
Sometimes you want to use the collapse plugin to trigger hidden content elsewhere on the page. Because our plugin works on the `id` and `data-target` matching, that's easily done!
{{< example >}}
<div class="collapse" id="navbarToggleExternalContent">
<div class="bg-dark p-4">
<h5 class="text-white h4">Collapsed content</h5>
<span class="text-muted">Toggleable via the navbar brand.</span>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-controls="navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
</div>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
+672
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Navs
description: Documentation and examples for how to use Bootstrap's included navigation components.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Base nav
Navigation available in Bootstrap share general markup and styles, from the base `.nav` class to the active and disabled states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
The base `.nav` component is built with flexbox and provide a strong foundation for building all types of navigation components. It includes some style overrides (for working with lists), some link padding for larger hit areas, and basic disabled styling.
{{< callout info >}}
The base `.nav` component does not include any `.active` state. The following examples include the class, mainly to demonstrate that this particular class does not trigger any special styling.
To convey the active state to assistive technologies, use the `aria-current` attribute — using the `page` value for current page, or `true` for the current item in a set.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
Classes are used throughout, so your markup can be super flexible. Use `<ul>`s like above, `<ol>` if the order of your items is important, or roll your own with a `<nav>` element. Because the `.nav` uses `display: flex`, the nav links behave the same as nav items would, but without the extra markup.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="nav">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Available styles
Change the style of `.nav`s component with modifiers and utilities. Mix and match as needed, or build your own.
### Horizontal alignment
Change the horizontal alignment of your nav with [flexbox utilities]({{< docsref "/layout/grid#horizontal-alignment" >}}). By default, navs are left-aligned, but you can easily change them to center or right aligned.
Centered with `.justify-content-center`:
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav justify-content-center">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
Right-aligned with `.justify-content-end`:
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav justify-content-end">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Vertical
Stack your navigation by changing the flex item direction with the `.flex-column` utility. Need to stack them on some viewports but not others? Use the responsive versions (e.g., `.flex-sm-column`).
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
As always, vertical navigation is possible without `<ul>`s, too.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="nav flex-column">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
### Tabs
Takes the basic nav from above and adds the `.nav-tabs` class to generate a tabbed interface. Use them to create tabbable regions with our [tab JavaScript plugin](#javascript-behavior).
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Pills
Take that same HTML, but use `.nav-pills` instead:
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Fill and justify
Force your `.nav`'s contents to extend the full available width one of two modifier classes. To proportionately fill all available space with your `.nav-item`s, use `.nav-fill`. Notice that all horizontal space is occupied, but not every nav item has the same width.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-fill">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Much longer nav link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
When using a `<nav>`-based navigation, be sure to include `.nav-item` on the anchors.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="nav nav-pills nav-fill">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Much longer nav link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
For equal-width elements, use `.nav-justified`. All horizontal space will be occupied by nav links, but unlike the `.nav-fill` above, every nav item will be the same width.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Much longer nav link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
Similar to the `.nav-fill` example using a `<nav>`-based navigation, be sure to include `.nav-item` on the anchors.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Much longer nav link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Working with flex utilities
If you need responsive nav variations, consider using a series of [flexbox utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}). While more verbose, these utilities offer greater customization across responsive breakpoints. In the example below, our nav will be stacked on the lowest breakpoint, then adapt to a horizontal layout that fills the available width starting from the small breakpoint.
{{< example >}}
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column flex-sm-row">
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link" href="#">Longer nav link</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="flex-sm-fill text-sm-center nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Regarding accessibility
If you're using navs to provide a navigation bar, be sure to add a `role="navigation"` to the most logical parent container of the `<ul>`, or wrap a `<nav>` element around the whole navigation. Do not add the role to the `<ul>` itself, as this would prevent it from being announced as an actual list by assistive technologies.
Note that navigation bars, even if visually styled as tabs with the `.nav-tabs` class, should **not** be given `role="tablist"`, `role="tab"` or `role="tabpanel"` attributes. These are only appropriate for dynamic tabbed interfaces, as described in the [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#tabpanel). See [JavaScript behavior](#javascript-behavior) for dynamic tabbed interfaces in this section for an example. The `aria-current` attribute is not necessary on dynamic tabbed interfaces since our JavaScript handles the selected state by adding `aria-selected="true"` on the active tab.
## Using dropdowns
Add dropdown menus with a little extra HTML and the [dropdowns JavaScript plugin]({{< docsref "/components/dropdowns#usage" >}}).
### Tabs with dropdowns
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Pills with dropdowns
{{< example >}}
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Active</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
## JavaScript behavior
Use the tab JavaScript plugin—include it individually or through the compiled `bootstrap.js` file—to extend our navigational tabs and pills to create tabbable panes of local content, even via dropdown menus.
Dynamic tabbed interfaces, as described in the [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr> <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#tabpanel), require `role="tablist"`, `role="tab"`, `role="tabpanel"`, and additional `aria-` attributes in order to convey their structure, functionality and current state to users of assistive technologies (such as screen readers).
Note that dynamic tabbed interfaces should <em>not</em> contain dropdown menus, as this causes both usability and accessibility issues. From a usability perspective, the fact that the currently displayed tab's trigger element is not immediately visible (as it's inside the closed dropdown menu) can cause confusion. From an accessibility point of view, there is currently no sensible way to map this sort of construct to a standard WAI ARIA pattern, meaning that it cannot be easily made understandable to users of assistive technologies.
<div class="bd-example">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs mb-3" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="contact-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#contact" role="tab" aria-controls="contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="myTabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">
<p>Raw denim you probably haven't heard of them jean shorts Austin. Nesciunt tofu stumptown aliqua, retro synth master cleanse. Mustache cliche tempor, williamsburg carles vegan helvetica. Reprehenderit butcher retro keffiyeh dreamcatcher synth. Cosby sweater eu banh mi, qui irure terry richardson ex squid. Aliquip placeat salvia cillum iphone. Seitan aliquip quis cardigan american apparel, butcher voluptate nisi qui.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">
<p>Food truck fixie locavore, accusamus mcsweeney's marfa nulla single-origin coffee squid. Exercitation +1 labore velit, blog sartorial PBR leggings next level wes anderson artisan four loko farm-to-table craft beer twee. Qui photo booth letterpress, commodo enim craft beer mlkshk aliquip jean shorts ullamco ad vinyl cillum PBR. Homo nostrud organic, assumenda labore aesthetic magna delectus mollit. Keytar helvetica VHS salvia yr, vero magna velit sapiente labore stumptown. Vegan fanny pack odio cillum wes anderson 8-bit, sustainable jean shorts beard ut DIY ethical culpa terry richardson biodiesel. Art party scenester stumptown, tumblr butcher vero sint qui sapiente accusamus tattooed echo park.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="contact-tab">
<p>Etsy mixtape wayfarers, ethical wes anderson tofu before they sold out mcsweeney's organic lomo retro fanny pack lo-fi farm-to-table readymade. Messenger bag gentrify pitchfork tattooed craft beer, iphone skateboard locavore carles etsy salvia banksy hoodie helvetica. DIY synth PBR banksy irony. Leggings gentrify squid 8-bit cred pitchfork. Williamsburg banh mi whatever gluten-free, carles pitchfork biodiesel fixie etsy retro mlkshk vice blog. Scenester cred you probably haven't heard of them, vinyl craft beer blog stumptown. Pitchfork sustainable tofu synth chambray yr.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="contact-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#contact" role="tab" aria-controls="contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="myTabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="contact-tab">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
To help fit your needs, this works with `<ul>`-based markup, as shown above, or with any arbitrary "roll your own" markup. Note that if you're using `<nav>`, you shouldn't add `role="tablist"` directly to it, as this would override the element's native role as a navigation landmark. Instead, switch to an alternative element (in the example below, a simple `<div>`) and wrap the `<nav>` around it.
<div class="bd-example">
<nav>
<div class="nav nav-tabs mb-3" id="nav-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" id="nav-home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-home" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-contact-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-contact" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="nav-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-home-tab">
<p>Et et consectetur ipsum labore excepteur est proident excepteur ad velit occaecat qui minim occaecat veniam. Fugiat veniam incididunt anim aliqua enim pariatur veniam sunt est aute sit dolor anim. Velit non irure adipisicing aliqua ullamco irure incididunt irure non esse consectetur nostrud minim non minim occaecat. Amet duis do nisi duis veniam non est eiusmod tempor incididunt tempor dolor ipsum in qui sit. Exercitation mollit sit culpa nisi culpa non adipisicing reprehenderit do dolore. Duis reprehenderit occaecat anim ullamco ad duis occaecat ex.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-profile-tab">
<p>Nulla est ullamco ut irure incididunt nulla Lorem Lorem minim irure officia enim reprehenderit. Magna duis labore cillum sint adipisicing exercitation ipsum. Nostrud ut anim non exercitation velit laboris fugiat cupidatat. Commodo esse dolore fugiat sint velit ullamco magna consequat voluptate minim amet aliquip ipsum aute laboris nisi. Labore labore veniam irure irure ipsum pariatur mollit magna in cupidatat dolore magna irure esse tempor ad mollit. Dolore commodo nulla minim amet ipsum officia consectetur amet ullamco voluptate nisi commodo ea sit eu.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-contact-tab">
<p>Sint sit mollit irure quis est nostrud cillum consequat Lorem esse do quis dolor esse fugiat sunt do. Eu ex commodo veniam Lorem aliquip laborum occaecat qui Lorem esse mollit dolore anim cupidatat. Deserunt officia id Lorem nostrud aute id commodo elit eiusmod enim irure amet eiusmod qui reprehenderit nostrud tempor. Fugiat ipsum excepteur in aliqua non et quis aliquip ad irure in labore cillum elit enim. Consequat aliquip incididunt ipsum et minim laborum laborum laborum et cillum labore. Deserunt adipisicing cillum id nulla minim nostrud labore eiusmod et amet. Laboris consequat consequat commodo non ut non aliquip reprehenderit nulla anim occaecat. Sunt sit ullamco reprehenderit irure ea ullamco Lorem aute nostrud magna.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<nav>
<div class="nav nav-tabs" id="nav-tab" role="tablist">
<a class="nav-item nav-link active" id="nav-home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-home" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-item nav-link" id="nav-contact-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-contact" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="tab-content" id="nav-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="nav-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="nav-contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-contact-tab">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
The tabs plugin also works with pills.
<div class="bd-example">
<ul class="nav nav-pills mb-3" id="pills-tab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-contact-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-contact" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-home-tab">
<p>Consequat occaecat ullamco amet non eiusmod nostrud dolore irure incididunt est duis anim sunt officia. Fugiat velit proident aliquip nisi incididunt nostrud exercitation proident est nisi. Irure magna elit commodo anim ex veniam culpa eiusmod id nostrud sit cupidatat in veniam ad. Eiusmod consequat eu adipisicing minim anim aliquip cupidatat culpa excepteur quis. Occaecat sit eu exercitation irure Lorem incididunt nostrud.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-profile-tab">
<p>Ad pariatur nostrud pariatur exercitation ipsum ipsum culpa mollit commodo mollit ex. Aute sunt incididunt amet commodo est sint nisi deserunt pariatur do. Aliquip ex eiusmod voluptate exercitation cillum id incididunt elit sunt. Qui minim sit magna Lorem id et dolore velit Lorem amet exercitation duis deserunt. Anim id labore elit adipisicing ut in id occaecat pariatur ut ullamco ea tempor duis.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-contact-tab">
<p>Est quis nulla laborum officia ad nisi ex nostrud culpa Lorem excepteur aliquip dolor aliqua irure ex. Nulla ut duis ipsum nisi elit fugiat commodo sunt reprehenderit laborum veniam eu veniam. Eiusmod minim exercitation fugiat irure ex labore incididunt do fugiat commodo aliquip sit id deserunt reprehenderit aliquip nostrud. Amet ex cupidatat excepteur aute veniam incididunt mollit cupidatat esse irure officia elit do ipsum ullamco Lorem. Ullamco ut ad minim do mollit labore ipsum laboris ipsum commodo sunt tempor enim incididunt. Commodo quis sunt dolore aliquip aute tempor irure magna enim minim reprehenderit. Ullamco consectetur culpa veniam sint cillum aliqua incididunt velit ullamco sunt ullamco quis quis commodo voluptate. Mollit nulla nostrud adipisicing aliqua cupidatat aliqua pariatur mollit voluptate voluptate consequat non.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<ul class="nav nav-pills mb-3" id="pills-tab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="pills-contact-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-contact" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content" id="pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-contact-tab">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
And with vertical pills.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">
<div class="nav flex-column nav-pills" id="v-pills-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical">
<a class="nav-link active" id="v-pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-messages-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-messages" aria-selected="false">Messages</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-settings-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-settings" aria-selected="false">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-9">
<div class="tab-content" id="v-pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-home-tab">
<p>Cillum ad ut irure tempor velit nostrud occaecat ullamco aliqua anim Lorem sint. Veniam sint duis incididunt do esse magna mollit excepteur laborum qui. Id id reprehenderit sit est eu aliqua occaecat quis et velit excepteur laborum mollit dolore eiusmod. Ipsum dolor in occaecat commodo et voluptate minim reprehenderit mollit pariatur. Deserunt non laborum enim et cillum eu deserunt excepteur ea incididunt minim occaecat.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-profile-tab">
<p>Culpa dolor voluptate do laboris laboris irure reprehenderit id incididunt duis pariatur mollit aute magna pariatur consectetur. Eu veniam duis non ut dolor deserunt commodo et minim in quis laboris ipsum velit id veniam. Quis ut consectetur adipisicing officia excepteur non sit. Ut et elit aliquip labore Lorem enim eu. Ullamco mollit occaecat dolore ipsum id officia mollit qui esse anim eiusmod do sint minim consectetur qui.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-messages-tab">
<p>Fugiat id quis dolor culpa eiusmod anim velit excepteur proident dolor aute qui magna. Ad proident laboris ullamco esse anim Lorem Lorem veniam quis Lorem irure occaecat velit nostrud magna nulla. Velit et et proident Lorem do ea tempor officia dolor. Reprehenderit Lorem aliquip labore est magna commodo est ea veniam consectetur.</p>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-settings-tab">
<p>Eu dolore ea ullamco dolore Lorem id cupidatat excepteur reprehenderit consectetur elit id dolor proident in cupidatat officia. Voluptate excepteur commodo labore nisi cillum duis aliqua do. Aliqua amet qui mollit consectetur nulla mollit velit aliqua veniam nisi id do Lorem deserunt amet. Culpa ullamco sit adipisicing labore officia magna elit nisi in aute tempor commodo eiusmod.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">
<div class="nav flex-column nav-pills" id="v-pills-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical">
<a class="nav-link active" id="v-pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-messages-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-messages" aria-selected="false">Messages</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-settings-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-settings" aria-selected="false">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-9">
<div class="tab-content" id="v-pills-tabContent">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-messages-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-settings-tab">...</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Using data attributes
You can activate a tab or pill navigation without writing any JavaScript by simply specifying `data-toggle="tab"` or `data-toggle="pill"` on an element. Use these data attributes on `.nav-tabs` or `.nav-pills`.
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- Nav tabs -->
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="messages-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages" aria-selected="false">Messages</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="settings-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings" aria-selected="false">Settings</a>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- Tab panes -->
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="messages-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="settings-tab">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Via JavaScript
Enable tabbable tabs via JavaScript (each tab needs to be activated individually):
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerTabList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('#myTab a'))
triggerTabList.forEach(function (triggerEl) {
var tabTrigger = new bootstrap.Tab(triggerEl)
triggerEl.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
tabTrigger.show()
})
})
{{< /highlight >}}
You can activate individual tabs in several ways:
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerEl = document.querySelector('#myTab a[href="#profile"]')
bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerEl).show() // Select tab by name
var triggerFirstTabEl = document.querySelector('#myTab li:first-child a')
bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerFirstTabEl).show() // Select first tab
{{< /highlight >}}
### Fade effect
To make tabs fade in, add `.fade` to each `.tab-pane`. The first tab pane must also have `.show` to make the initial content visible.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="messages-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="settings-tab">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
#### constructor
Activates a tab element and content container. Tab should have either a `data-target` or an `href` targeting a container node in the DOM.
{{< highlight html >}}
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab" role="tablist">
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link active" id="home-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#home" role="tab" aria-controls="home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="profile-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#profile" role="tab" aria-controls="profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="messages-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#messages" role="tab" aria-controls="messages" aria-selected="false">Messages</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" role="presentation">
<a class="nav-link" id="settings-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#settings" role="tab" aria-controls="settings" aria-selected="false">Settings</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="home-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="profile-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="messages-tab">...</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="settings-tab">...</div>
</div>
<script>
var firstTabEl = document.querySelector('#myTab li:last-child a')
var firstTab = new bootstrap.Tab(firstTabEl)
firstTab.show()
</script>
{{< /highlight >}}
#### show
Selects the given tab and shows its associated pane. Any other tab that was previously selected becomes unselected and its associated pane is hidden. **Returns to the caller before the tab pane has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tab` event occurs).
{{< highlight js >}}
var someTabTriggerEl = document.querySelector('#someTabTrigger')
var tab = new bootstrap.Tab(someTabTriggerEl)
tab.show()
{{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Destroys an element's tab.
#### getInstance
*Static* method which allows you to get the tab instance associated with a DOM element
{{< highlight js >}}
var triggerEl = document.querySelector('#trigger')
var tab = bootstrap.Tab.getInstance(triggerEl) // Returns a Bootstrap tab instance
{{< /highlight >}}
### Events
When showing a new tab, the events fire in the following order:
1. `hide.bs.tab` (on the current active tab)
2. `show.bs.tab` (on the to-be-shown tab)
3. `hidden.bs.tab` (on the previous active tab, the same one as for the `hide.bs.tab` event)
4. `shown.bs.tab` (on the newly-active just-shown tab, the same one as for the `show.bs.tab` event)
If no tab was already active, then the `hide.bs.tab` and `hidden.bs.tab` events will not be fired.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show, but before the new tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires on tab show after a tab has been shown. Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires when a new tab is to be shown (and thus the previous active tab is to be hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the current active tab and the new soon-to-be-active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tab</td>
<td>This event fires after a new tab is shown (and thus the previous active tab is hidden). Use <code>event.target</code> and <code>event.relatedTarget</code> to target the previous active tab and the new active tab, respectively.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var tabEl = document.querySelector('a[data-toggle="tab"]')
tabEl.addEventListener('shown.bs.tab', function (e) {
e.target // newly activated tab
e.relatedTarget // previous active tab
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Pagination
description: Documentation and examples for showing pagination to indicate a series of related content exists across multiple pages.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
We use a large block of connected links for our pagination, making links hard to miss and easily scalable—all while providing large hit areas. Pagination is built with list HTML elements so screen readers can announce the number of available links. Use a wrapping `<nav>` element to identify it as a navigation section to screen readers and other assistive technologies.
In addition, as pages likely have more than one such navigation section, it's advisable to provide a descriptive `aria-label` for the `<nav>` to reflect its purpose. For example, if the pagination component is used to navigate between a set of search results, an appropriate label could be `aria-label="Search results pages"`.
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Previous</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Working with icons
Looking to use an icon or symbol in place of text for some pagination links? Be sure to provide proper screen reader support with `aria` attributes.
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Disabled and active states
Pagination links are customizable for different circumstances. Use `.disabled` for links that appear un-clickable and `.active` to indicate the current page.
While the `.disabled` class uses `pointer-events: none` to _try_ to disable the link functionality of `<a>`s, that CSS property is not yet standardized and doesn't account for keyboard navigation. As such, you should always add `tabindex="-1"` on disabled links and use custom JavaScript to fully disable their functionality.
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item active" aria-current="page">
<a class="page-link" href="#">2 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
You can optionally swap out active or disabled anchors for `<span>`, or omit the anchor in the case of the prev/next arrows, to remove click functionality and prevent keyboard focus while retaining intended styles.
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<span class="page-link">Previous</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item active" aria-current="page">
<span class="page-link">
2
<span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
Fancy larger or smaller pagination? Add `.pagination-lg` or `.pagination-sm` for additional sizes.
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination pagination-lg">
<li class="page-item active" aria-current="page">
<span class="page-link">
1
<span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="...">
<ul class="pagination pagination-sm">
<li class="page-item active" aria-current="page">
<span class="page-link">
1
<span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</span>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
## Alignment
Change the alignment of pagination components with [flexbox utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination justify-content-center">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination justify-content-end">
<li class="page-item disabled">
<a class="page-link" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Previous</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
{{< /example >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Popovers
description: Documentation and examples for adding Bootstrap popovers, like those found in iOS, to any element on your site.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Things to know when using the popover plugin:
- Popovers rely on the 3rd party library [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org/) for positioning. You must include [popper.min.js]({{< param "cdn.popper" >}}) before bootstrap.js or use `bootstrap.bundle.min.js` / `bootstrap.bundle.js` which contains Popper.js in order for popovers to work!
- Popovers require the [tooltip plugin]({{< docsref "/components/tooltips" >}}) as a dependency.
- Popovers are opt-in for performance reasons, so **you must initialize them yourself**.
- Zero-length `title` and `content` values will never show a popover.
- Specify `container: 'body'` to avoid rendering problems in more complex components (like our input groups, button groups, etc).
- Triggering popovers on hidden elements will not work.
- Popovers for `.disabled` or `disabled` elements must be triggered on a wrapper element.
- When triggered from anchors that wrap across multiple lines, popovers will be centered between the anchors' overall width. Use `.text-nowrap` on your `<a>`s to avoid this behavior.
- Popovers must be hidden before their corresponding elements have been removed from the DOM.
- Popovers can be triggered thanks to an element inside a shadow DOM.
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Keep reading to see how popovers work with some examples.
## Example: Enable popovers everywhere
One way to initialize all popovers on a page would be to select them by their `data-toggle` attribute:
{{< highlight js >}}
var popoverTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-toggle="popover"]'))
var popoverList = popoverTriggerList.map(function (popoverTriggerEl) {
return new bootstrap.Popover(popoverTriggerEl)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
## Example: Using the `container` option
When you have some styles on a parent element that interfere with a popover, you'll want to specify a custom `container` so that the popover's HTML appears within that element instead.
{{< highlight js >}}
var popover = new bootstrap.Popover(document.querySelector('.example-popover'), {
container: 'body'
})
{{< /highlight >}}
## Example
{{< example >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-danger" data-toggle="popover" title="Popover title" data-content="And here's some amazing content. It's very engaging. Right?">Click to toggle popover</button>
{{< /example >}}
### Four directions
Four options are available: top, right, bottom, and left aligned.
<div class="bd-example popover-demo">
<div class="bd-example-popovers">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="top" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="right" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="bottom" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="left" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on left
</button>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="top" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="right" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="bottom" data-content="Vivamus
sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-container="body" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="left" data-content="Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus.">
Popover on left
</button>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Dismiss on next click
Use the `focus` trigger to dismiss popovers on the user's next click of a different element than the toggle element.
{{< callout danger >}}
#### Specific markup required for dismiss-on-next-click
For proper cross-browser and cross-platform behavior, you must use the `<a>` tag, _not_ the `<button>` tag, and you also must include a [`tabindex`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/tabindex) attribute.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< example >}}
<a tabindex="0" class="btn btn-lg btn-danger" role="button" data-toggle="popover" data-trigger="focus" title="Dismissible popover" data-content="And here's some amazing content. It's very engaging. Right?">Dismissible popover</a>
{{< /example >}}
{{< highlight js >}}
var popover = new bootstrap.Popover(document.querySelector('.popover-dismiss'), {
trigger: 'focus'
})
{{< /highlight >}}
### Disabled elements
Elements with the `disabled` attribute aren't interactive, meaning users cannot hover or click them to trigger a popover (or tooltip). As a workaround, you'll want to trigger the popover from a wrapper `<div>` or `<span>` and override the `pointer-events` on the disabled element.
For disabled popover triggers, you may also prefer `data-trigger="hover"` so that the popover appears as immediate visual feedback to your users as they may not expect to _click_ on a disabled element.
{{< example >}}
<span class="d-inline-block" data-toggle="popover" data-content="Disabled popover">
<button class="btn btn-primary" style="pointer-events: none;" type="button" disabled>Disabled button</button>
</span>
{{< /example >}}
## Usage
Enable popovers via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var exampleEl = document.getElementById('example')
var popover = new bootstrap.Popover(exampleEl, options)
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
### Making popovers work for keyboard and assistive technology users
To allow keyboard users to activate your popovers, you should only add them to HTML elements that are traditionally keyboard-focusable and interactive (such as links or form controls). Although arbitrary HTML elements (such as `<span>`s) can be made focusable by adding the `tabindex="0"` attribute, this will add potentially annoying and confusing tab stops on non-interactive elements for keyboard users, and most assistive technologies currently do not announce the popover's content in this situation. Additionally, do not rely solely on `hover` as the trigger for your popovers, as this will make them impossible to trigger for keyboard users.
While you can insert rich, structured HTML in popovers with the `html` option, we strongly recommend that you avoid adding an excessive amount of content. The way popovers currently work is that, once displayed, their content is tied to the trigger element with the `aria-describedby` attribute. As a result, the entirety of the popover's content will be announced to assistive technology users as one long, uninterrupted stream.
Additionally, while it is possible to also include interactive controls (such as form elements or links) in your popover (by adding these elements to the `whiteList` or allowed attributes and tags), be aware that currently the popover does not manage keyboard focus order. When a keyboard user opens a popover, focus remains on the triggering element, and as the popover usually does not immediately follow the trigger in the document's structure, there is no guarantee that moving forward/pressing <kbd>TAB</kbd> will move a keyboard user into the popover itself. In short, simply adding interactive controls to a popover is likely to make these controls unreachable/unusable for keyboard users and users of assistive technologies, or at the very least make for an illogical overall focus order. In these cases, consider using a modal dialog instead.
{{< /callout >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-animation=""`.
{{< callout warning >}}
Note that for security reasons the `sanitize`, `sanitizeFn` and `whiteList` options cannot be supplied using data attributes.
{{< /callout >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>animation</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Apply a CSS fade transition to the popover</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>container</td>
<td>string | element | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Appends the popover to a specific element. Example: <code>container: 'body'</code>. This option is particularly useful in that it allows you to position the popover in the flow of the document near the triggering element - which will prevent the popover from floating away from the triggering element during a window resize.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>content</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default content value if <code>data-content</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the popover is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>delay</td>
<td>number | object</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Delay showing and hiding the popover (ms) - does not apply to manual trigger type</p>
<p>If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show</p>
<p>Object structure is: <code>delay: { "show": 500, "hide": 100 }</code></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>html</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>Insert HTML into the popover. If false, <code>innerText</code> property will be used to insert content into the DOM. Use text if you're worried about XSS attacks.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>placement</td>
<td>string | function</td>
<td>'right'</td>
<td>
<p>How to position the popover - auto | top | bottom | left | right.<br>When <code>auto</code> is specified, it will dynamically reorient the popover.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the placement, it is called with the popover DOM node as its first argument and the triggering element DOM node as its second. The <code>this</code> context is set to the popover instance.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>selector</td>
<td>string | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If a selector is provided, popover objects will be delegated to the specified targets. In practice, this is used to enable dynamic HTML content to have popovers added. See <a href="{{< param repo >}}/issues/4215">this</a> and <a href="https://codepen.io/Johann-S/pen/djJYPb">an informative example</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>template</td>
<td>string</td>
<td><code>'&lt;div class="popover" role="tooltip"&gt;&lt;div class="popover-arrow"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 class="popover-header"&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div class="popover-body"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'</code></td>
<td>
<p>Base HTML to use when creating the popover.</p>
<p>The popover's <code>title</code> will be injected into the <code>.popover-header</code>.</p>
<p>The popover's <code>content</code> will be injected into the <code>.popover-body</code>.</p>
<p><code>.popover-arrow</code> will become the popover's arrow.</p>
<p>The outermost wrapper element should have the <code>.popover</code> class.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default title value if <code>title</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the popover is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trigger</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'click'</td>
<td>How popover is triggered - click | hover | focus | manual. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space. <code>manual</code> cannot be combined with any other trigger.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>Offset of the popover relative to its target. For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fallbackPlacement</td>
<td>string | array</td>
<td>'flip'</td>
<td>Allow to specify which position Popper will use on fallback. For more information refer to
Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..flip.behavior">behavior docs</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>boundary</td>
<td>string | element</td>
<td>'scrollParent'</td>
<td>Overflow constraint boundary of the popover. Accepts the values of <code>'viewport'</code>, <code>'window'</code>, <code>'scrollParent'</code>, or an HTMLElement reference (JavaScript only). For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..preventOverflow.boundariesElement">preventOverflow docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sanitize</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Enable or disable the sanitization. If activated <code>'template'</code>, <code>'content'</code> and <code>'title'</code> options will be sanitized.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>whiteList</td>
<td>object</td>
<td><a href="{{< docsref "/getting-started/javascript#sanitizer" >}}">Default value</a></td>
<td>Object which contains allowed attributes and tags</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sanitizeFn</td>
<td>null | function</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>Here you can supply your own sanitize function. This can be useful if you prefer to use a dedicated library to perform sanitization.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>popperConfig</td>
<td>null | object</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>To change Bootstrap's default Popper.js config, see <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#Popper.Defaults">Popper.js's configuration</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< callout info >}}
#### Data attributes for individual popovers
Options for individual popovers can alternatively be specified through the use of data attributes, as explained above.
{{< /callout >}}
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
#### show
Reveals an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover. Popovers whose title and content are both zero-length are never displayed.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.show(){{< /highlight >}}
#### hide
Hides an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.hide(){{< /highlight >}}
#### toggle
Toggles an element's popover. **Returns to the caller before the popover has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.popover` or `hidden.bs.popover` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the popover.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.toggle(){{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Hides and destroys an element's popover. Popovers that use delegation (which are created using [the `selector` option](#options)) cannot be individually destroyed on descendant trigger elements.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.dispose(){{< /highlight >}}
#### enable
Gives an element's popover the ability to be shown. **Popovers are enabled by default.**
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.enable(){{< /highlight >}}
#### disable
Removes the ability for an element's popover to be shown. The popover will only be able to be shown if it is re-enabled.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.disable(){{< /highlight >}}
#### toggleEnabled
Toggles the ability for an element's popover to be shown or hidden.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.toggleEnabled(){{< /highlight >}}
#### update
Updates the position of an element's popover.
{{< highlight js >}}myPopover.update(){{< /highlight >}}
#### getInstance
*Static* method which allows you to get the popover instance associated with a DOM element
{{< highlight js >}}
var exampleTriggerEl = document.getElementById('example')
var popover = bootstrap.Popover.getInstance(exampleTriggerEl) // Returns a Bootstrap popover instance
{{< /highlight >}}
### Events
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired when the popover has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired when the popover has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>inserted.bs.popover</td>
<td>This event is fired after the <code>show.bs.popover</code> event when the popover template has been added to the DOM.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myPopoverTrigger = document.getElementById('myPopover')
myPopoverTrigger.addEventListener('hidden.bs.popover', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Progress
description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap custom progress bars featuring support for stacked bars, animated backgrounds, and text labels.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Progress components are built with two HTML elements, some CSS to set the width, and a few attributes. We don't use [the HTML5 `<progress>` element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/progress), ensuring you can stack progress bars, animate them, and place text labels over them.
- We use the `.progress` as a wrapper to indicate the max value of the progress bar.
- We use the inner `.progress-bar` to indicate the progress so far.
- The `.progress-bar` requires an inline style, utility class, or custom CSS to set their width.
- The `.progress-bar` also requires some `role` and `aria` attributes to make it accessible.
Put that all together, and you have the following examples.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Bootstrap provides a handful of [utilities for setting width]({{< docsref "/utilities/sizing" >}}). Depending on your needs, these may help with quickly configuring progress.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar w-75" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Labels
Add labels to your progress bars by placing text within the `.progress-bar`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">25%</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Height
We only set a `height` value on the `.progress`, so if you change that value the inner `.progress-bar` will automatically resize accordingly.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress" style="height: 1px;">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress" style="height: 20px;">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%;" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Backgrounds
Use background utility classes to change the appearance of individual progress bars.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-warning" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar bg-danger" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Multiple bars
Include multiple progress bars in a progress component if you need.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" style="width: 15%" aria-valuenow="15" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
<div class="progress-bar bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 30%" aria-valuenow="30" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
<div class="progress-bar bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 20%" aria-valuenow="20" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Striped
Add `.progress-bar-striped` to any `.progress-bar` to apply a stripe via CSS gradient over the progress bar's background color.
{{< example >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped" role="progressbar" style="width: 10%" aria-valuenow="10" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-success" role="progressbar" style="width: 25%" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%" aria-valuenow="50" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-warning" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped bg-danger" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%" aria-valuenow="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Animated stripes
The striped gradient can also be animated. Add `.progress-bar-animated` to `.progress-bar` to animate the stripes right to left via CSS3 animations.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" style="width: 75%"></div>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary mt-3" data-toggle="button" id="btnToggleAnimatedProgress" aria-pressed="false" autocomplete="off">
Toggle animation
</button>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped progress-bar-animated" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="75" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" style="width: 75%"></div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Scrollspy
description: Automatically update Bootstrap navigation or list group components based on scroll position to indicate which link is currently active in the viewport.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Scrollspy has a few requirements to function properly:
- It must be used on a Bootstrap [nav component]({{< docsref "/components/navs" >}}) or [list group]({{< docsref "/components/list-group" >}}).
- Scrollspy requires `position: relative;` on the element you're spying on, usually the `<body>`.
- When spying on elements other than the `<body>`, be sure to have a `height` set and `overflow-y: scroll;` applied.
- Anchors (`<a>`) are required and must point to an element with that `id`.
When successfully implemented, your nav or list group will update accordingly, moving the `.active` class from one item to the next based on their associated targets.
## Example in navbar
Scroll the area below the navbar and watch the active class change. The dropdown items will be highlighted as well.
<div class="bd-example">
<nav id="navbar-example2" class="navbar navbar-light bg-light px-3">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#fat">@fat</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#mdo">@mdo</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#one">one</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#two">two</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#three">three</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example2" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="fat">@fat</h4>
<p>Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney's photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven't heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.</p>
<h4 id="mdo">@mdo</h4>
<p>Veniam marfa mustache skateboard, adipisicing fugiat velit pitchfork beard. Freegan beard aliqua cupidatat mcsweeney's vero. Cupidatat four loko nisi, ea helvetica nulla carles. Tattooed cosby sweater food truck, mcsweeney's quis non freegan vinyl. Lo-fi wes anderson +1 sartorial. Carles non aesthetic exercitation quis gentrify. Brooklyn adipisicing craft beer vice keytar deserunt.</p>
<h4 id="one">one</h4>
<p>Occaecat commodo aliqua delectus. Fap craft beer deserunt skateboard ea. Lomo bicycle rights adipisicing banh mi, velit ea sunt next level locavore single-origin coffee in magna veniam. High life id vinyl, echo park consequat quis aliquip banh mi pitchfork. Vero VHS est adipisicing. Consectetur nisi DIY minim messenger bag. Cred ex in, sustainable delectus consectetur fanny pack iphone.</p>
<h4 id="two">two</h4>
<p>In incididunt echo park, officia deserunt mcsweeney's proident master cleanse thundercats sapiente veniam. Excepteur VHS elit, proident shoreditch +1 biodiesel laborum craft beer. Single-origin coffee wayfarers irure four loko, cupidatat terry richardson master cleanse. Assumenda you probably haven't heard of them art party fanny pack, tattooed nulla cardigan tempor ad. Proident wolf nesciunt sartorial keffiyeh eu banh mi sustainable. Elit wolf voluptate, lo-fi ea portland before they sold out four loko. Locavore enim nostrud mlkshk brooklyn nesciunt.</p>
<h4 id="three">three</h4>
<p>Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney's photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven't heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.</p>
<p>Keytar twee blog, culpa messenger bag marfa whatever delectus food truck. Sapiente synth id assumenda. Locavore sed helvetica cliche irony, thundercats you probably haven't heard of them consequat hoodie gluten-free lo-fi fap aliquip. Labore elit placeat before they sold out, terry richardson proident brunch nesciunt quis cosby sweater pariatur keffiyeh ut helvetica artisan. Cardigan craft beer seitan readymade velit. VHS chambray laboris tempor veniam. Anim mollit minim commodo ullamco thundercats.
</p>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<nav id="navbar-example2" class="navbar navbar-light bg-light px-3">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#fat">@fat</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#mdo">@mdo</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#one">one</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#two">two</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#three">three</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example2" data-offset="0">
<h4 id="fat">@fat</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="mdo">@mdo</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="one">one</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="two">two</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="three">three</h4>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Example with nested nav
Scrollspy also works with nested `.nav`s. If a nested `.nav` is `.active`, its parents will also be `.active`. Scroll the area next to the navbar and watch the active class change.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<nav id="navbar-example3" class="navbar navbar-light bg-light flex-column">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-1">Item 1</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-1">Item 1-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-2">Item 1-2</a>
</nav>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-2">Item 2</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-3">Item 3</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-1">Item 3-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-2">Item 3-2</a>
</nav>
</nav>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example3" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example-2">
<h4 id="item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>Ex consequat commodo adipisicing exercitation aute excepteur occaecat ullamco duis aliqua id magna ullamco eu. Do aute ipsum ipsum ullamco cillum consectetur ut et aute consectetur labore. Fugiat laborum incididunt tempor eu consequat enim dolore proident. Qui laborum do non excepteur nulla magna eiusmod consectetur in. Aliqua et aliqua officia quis et incididunt voluptate non anim reprehenderit adipisicing dolore ut consequat deserunt mollit dolore. Aliquip nulla enim veniam non fugiat id cupidatat nulla elit cupidatat commodo velit ut eiusmod cupidatat elit dolore.</p>
<h5 id="item-1-1">Item 1-1</h5>
<p>Amet tempor mollit aliquip pariatur excepteur commodo do ea cillum commodo Lorem et occaecat elit qui et. Aliquip labore ex ex esse voluptate occaecat Lorem ullamco deserunt. Aliqua cillum excepteur irure consequat id quis ea. Sit proident ullamco aute magna pariatur nostrud labore. Reprehenderit aliqua commodo eiusmod aliquip est do duis amet proident magna consectetur consequat eu commodo fugiat non quis. Enim aliquip exercitation ullamco adipisicing voluptate excepteur minim exercitation minim minim commodo adipisicing exercitation officia nisi adipisicing. Anim id duis qui consequat labore adipisicing sint dolor elit cillum anim et fugiat.</p>
<h5 id="item-1-2">Item 1-2</h5>
<p>Cillum nisi deserunt magna eiusmod qui eiusmod velit voluptate pariatur laborum sunt enim. Irure laboris mollit consequat incididunt sint et culpa culpa incididunt adipisicing magna magna occaecat. Nulla ipsum cillum eiusmod sint elit excepteur ea labore enim consectetur in labore anim. Proident ullamco ipsum esse elit ut Lorem eiusmod dolor et eiusmod. Anim occaecat nulla in non consequat eiusmod velit incididunt.</p>
<h4 id="item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>Quis magna Lorem anim amet ipsum do mollit sit cillum voluptate ex nulla tempor. Laborum consequat non elit enim exercitation cillum aliqua consequat id aliqua. Esse ex consectetur mollit voluptate est in duis laboris ad sit ipsum anim Lorem. Incididunt veniam velit elit elit veniam Lorem aliqua quis ullamco deserunt sit enim elit aliqua esse irure. Laborum nisi sit est tempor laborum mollit labore officia laborum excepteur commodo non commodo dolor excepteur commodo. Ipsum fugiat ex est consectetur ipsum commodo tempor sunt in proident.</p>
<h4 id="item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
<h5 id="item-3-1">Item 3-1</h5>
<p>Deserunt quis elit Lorem eiusmod amet enim enim amet minim Lorem proident nostrud. Ea id dolore anim exercitation aute fugiat labore voluptate cillum do laboris labore. Ex velit exercitation nisi enim labore reprehenderit labore nostrud ut ut. Esse officia sunt duis aliquip ullamco tempor eiusmod deserunt irure nostrud irure. Ullamco proident veniam laboris ea consectetur magna sunt ex exercitation aliquip minim enim culpa occaecat exercitation. Est tempor excepteur aliquip laborum consequat do deserunt laborum esse eiusmod irure proident ipsum esse qui.</p>
<h5 id="item-3-2">Item 3-2</h5>
<p>Labore sit culpa commodo elit adipisicing sit aliquip elit proident voluptate minim mollit nostrud aute reprehenderit do. Mollit excepteur eu Lorem ipsum anim commodo sint labore Lorem in exercitation velit incididunt. Occaecat consectetur nisi in occaecat proident minim enim sunt reprehenderit exercitation cupidatat et do officia. Aliquip consequat ad labore labore mollit ut amet. Sit pariatur tempor proident in veniam culpa aliqua excepteur elit magna fugiat eiusmod amet officia.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<nav id="navbar-example3" class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-1">Item 1</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-1">Item 1-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-1-2">Item 1-2</a>
</nav>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-2">Item 2</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#item-3">Item 3</a>
<nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column">
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-1">Item 3-1</a>
<a class="nav-link ml-3 my-1" href="#item-3-2">Item 3-2</a>
</nav>
</nav>
</nav>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example3" data-offset="0">
<h4 id="item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-1-1">Item 1-1</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-1-2">Item 1-2</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-3-1">Item 3-1</h5>
<p>...</p>
<h5 id="item-3-2">Item 3-2</h5>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Example with list-group
Scrollspy also works with `.list-group`s. Scroll the area next to the list group and watch the active class change.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<div id="list-example" class="list-group">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-1">Item 1</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-2">Item 2</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-3">Item 3</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-4">Item 4</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-8">
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#list-example" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="list-item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>Ex consequat commodo adipisicing exercitation aute excepteur occaecat ullamco duis aliqua id magna ullamco eu. Do aute ipsum ipsum ullamco cillum consectetur ut et aute consectetur labore. Fugiat laborum incididunt tempor eu consequat enim dolore proident. Qui laborum do non excepteur nulla magna eiusmod consectetur in. Aliqua et aliqua officia quis et incididunt voluptate non anim reprehenderit adipisicing dolore ut consequat deserunt mollit dolore. Aliquip nulla enim veniam non fugiat id cupidatat nulla elit cupidatat commodo velit ut eiusmod cupidatat elit dolore.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>Quis magna Lorem anim amet ipsum do mollit sit cillum voluptate ex nulla tempor. Laborum consequat non elit enim exercitation cillum aliqua consequat id aliqua. Esse ex consectetur mollit voluptate est in duis laboris ad sit ipsum anim Lorem. Incididunt veniam velit elit elit veniam Lorem aliqua quis ullamco deserunt sit enim elit aliqua esse irure. Laborum nisi sit est tempor laborum mollit labore officia laborum excepteur commodo non commodo dolor excepteur commodo. Ipsum fugiat ex est consectetur ipsum commodo tempor sunt in proident.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
<h4 id="list-item-4">Item 4</h4>
<p>Quis anim sit do amet fugiat dolor velit sit ea ea do reprehenderit culpa duis. Nostrud aliqua ipsum fugiat minim proident occaecat excepteur aliquip culpa aute tempor reprehenderit. Deserunt tempor mollit elit ex pariatur dolore velit fugiat mollit culpa irure ullamco est ex ullamco excepteur.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div id="list-example" class="list-group">
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-1">Item 1</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-2">Item 2</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-3">Item 3</a>
<a class="list-group-item list-group-item-action" href="#list-item-4">Item 4</a>
</div>
<div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#list-example" data-offset="0" class="scrollspy-example">
<h4 id="list-item-1">Item 1</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-2">Item 2</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-3">Item 3</h4>
<p>...</p>
<h4 id="list-item-4">Item 4</h4>
<p>...</p>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Usage
### Via data attributes
To easily add scrollspy behavior to your topbar navigation, add `data-spy="scroll"` to the element you want to spy on (most typically this would be the `<body>`). Then add the `data-target` attribute with the ID or class of the parent element of any Bootstrap `.nav` component.
{{< highlight css >}}
body {
position: relative;
}
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< highlight html >}}
<body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#navbar-example">
...
<div id="navbar-example">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist">
...
</ul>
</div>
...
</body>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Via JavaScript
After adding `position: relative;` in your CSS, call the scrollspy via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var scrollSpy = new bootstrap.ScrollSpy(document.body, {
target: '#navbar-example'
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout danger >}}
#### Resolvable ID targets required
Navbar links must have resolvable id targets. For example, a `<a href="#home">home</a>` must correspond to something in the DOM like `<div id="home"></div>`.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< callout info >}}
#### Non-visible target elements ignored
Target elements that are not visible will be ignored and their corresponding nav items will never be highlighted.
{{< /callout >}}
### Methods
#### refresh
When using scrollspy in conjunction with adding or removing of elements from the DOM, you'll need to call the refresh method like so:
{{< highlight js >}}
var dataSpyList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-spy="scroll"]'))
dataSpyList.forEach(function (dataSpyEl) {
bootstrap.ScrollSpy.getInstance(dataSpyEl)
.refresh()
})
{{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Destroys an element's scrollspy.
#### getInstance
*Static* method which allows you to get the scrollspy instance associated with a DOM element
{{< highlight js >}}
var scrollSpyContentEl = document.getElementById('content')
var scrollSpy = bootstrap.ScrollSpy.getInstance(scrollSpyContentEl) // Returns a Bootstrap scrollspy instance
{{< /highlight >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-offset=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>Pixels to offset from top when calculating position of scroll.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>method</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>auto</td>
<td>Finds which section the spied element is in. <code>auto</code> will choose the best method to get scroll coordinates. <code>offset</code> will use the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/getBoundingClientRect"><code>Element.getBoundingClientRect()</code></a> method to get scroll coordinates. <code>position</code> will use the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/offsetTop"><code>HTMLElement.offsetTop</code></a> and <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/offsetLeft"><code>HTMLElement.offsetLeft</code></a> properties to get scroll coordinates.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>target</td>
<td>string | jQuery object | DOM element</td>
<td></td>
<td>Specifies element to apply Scrollspy plugin.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Events
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>activate.bs.scrollspy</td>
<td>This event fires on the scroll element whenever a new item becomes activated by the scrollspy.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var firstScrollSpyEl = document.querySelector('[data-spy="scroll"]')
firstScrollSpyEl.addEventListener('activate.bs.scrollspy', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Spinners
description: Indicate the loading state of a component or page with Bootstrap spinners, built entirely with HTML, CSS, and no JavaScript.
group: components
toc: true
---
## About
Bootstrap "spinners" can be used to show the loading state in your projects. They're built only with HTML and CSS, meaning you don't need any JavaScript to create them. You will, however, need some custom JavaScript to toggle their visibility. Their appearance, alignment, and sizing can be easily customized with our amazing utility classes.
For accessibility purposes, each loader here includes `role="status"` and a nested `<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>`.
## Border spinner
Use the border spinners for a lightweight loading indicator.
{{< example >}}
<div class="spinner-border" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Colors
The border spinner uses `currentColor` for its `border-color`, meaning you can customize the color with [text color utilities][color]. You can use any of our text color utilities on the standard spinner.
{{< example >}}
{{< spinner.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="spinner-border text-{{ .name }}" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{- end -}}
{{< /spinner.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout info >}}
**Why not use `border-color` utilities?** Each border spinner specifies a `transparent` border for at least one side, so `.border-{color}` utilities would override that.
{{< /callout >}}
## Growing spinner
If you don't fancy a border spinner, switch to the grow spinner. While it doesn't technically spin, it does repeatedly grow!
{{< example >}}
<div class="spinner-grow" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Once again, this spinner is built with `currentColor`, so you can easily change its appearance with [text color utilities][color]. Here it is in blue, along with the supported variants.
{{< example >}}
{{< spinner.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="spinner-grow text-{{ .name }}" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{- end -}}
{{< /spinner.inline >}}
{{< /example >}}
## Alignment
Spinners in Bootstrap are built with `rem`s, `currentColor`, and `display: inline-flex`. This means they can easily be resized, recolored, and quickly aligned.
### Margin
Use [margin utilities][margin] like `.m-5` for easy spacing.
{{< example >}}
<div class="spinner-border m-5" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Placement
Use [flexbox utilities][flex], [float utilities][float], or [text alignment][text] utilities to place spinners exactly where you need them in any situation.
#### Flex
{{< example >}}
<div class="d-flex justify-content-center">
<div class="spinner-border" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="d-flex align-items-center">
<strong>Loading...</strong>
<div class="spinner-border ml-auto" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
#### Floats
{{< example >}}
<div class="clearfix">
<div class="spinner-border float-right" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
#### Text align
{{< example >}}
<div class="text-center">
<div class="spinner-border" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Size
Add `.spinner-border-sm` and `.spinner-grow-sm` to make a smaller spinner that can quickly be used within other components.
{{< example >}}
<div class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Or, use custom CSS or inline styles to change the dimensions as needed.
{{< example >}}
<div class="spinner-border" style="width: 3rem; height: 3rem;" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow" style="width: 3rem; height: 3rem;" role="status">
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Buttons
Use spinners within buttons to indicate an action is currently processing or taking place. You may also swap the text out of the spinner element and utilize button text as needed.
{{< example >}}
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
<span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
<span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
Loading...
</button>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
<span class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
<span class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
Loading...
</button>
{{< /example >}}
[color]: {{< docsref "/utilities/colors" >}}
[display]: {{< docsref "/utilities/display" >}}
[flex]: {{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}
[float]: {{< docsref "/utilities/float" >}}
[margin]: {{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}
[sizing]: {{< docsref "/utilities/sizing" >}}
[text]: {{< docsref "/content/typography" >}}
+328
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Toasts
description: Push notifications to your visitors with a toast, a lightweight and easily customizable alert message.
group: components
toc: true
---
Toasts are lightweight notifications designed to mimic the push notifications that have been popularized by mobile and desktop operating systems. They're built with flexbox, so they're easy to align and position.
## Overview
Things to know when using the toast plugin:
- Toasts are opt-in for performance reasons, so **you must initialize them yourself**.
- **Please note that you are responsible for positioning toasts.**
- Toasts will automatically hide if you do not specify `autohide: false`.
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Examples
### Basic
To encourage extensible and predictable toasts, we recommend a header and body. Toast headers use `display: flex`, allowing easy alignment of content thanks to our margin and flexbox utilities.
Toasts are as flexible as you need and have very little required markup. At a minimum, we require a single element to contain your "toasted" content and strongly encourage a dismiss button.
{{< example class="bg-light" >}}
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small>11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Translucent
Toasts are slightly translucent, too, so they blend over whatever they might appear over. For browsers that support the `backdrop-filter` CSS property, we'll also attempt to blur the elements under a toast.
{{< example class="bg-dark" >}}
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small class="text-muted">11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Stacking
When you have multiple toasts, we default to vertically stacking them in a readable manner.
{{< example class="bg-light" >}}
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small class="text-muted">just now</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
See? Just like this.
</div>
</div>
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small class="text-muted">2 seconds ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Heads up, toasts will stack automatically
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Placement
Place toasts with custom CSS as you need them. The top right is often used for notifications, as is the top middle. If you're only ever going to show one toast at a time, put the positioning styles right on the `.toast`.
{{< example class="bg-dark" >}}
<div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" style="position: relative; min-height: 200px;">
<div class="toast" style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0;">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small>11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
For systems that generate more notifications, consider using a wrapping element so they can easily stack.
{{< example class="bg-dark" >}}
<div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" style="position: relative; min-height: 200px;">
<!-- Position it -->
<div style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0;">
<!-- Then put toasts within -->
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small class="text-muted">just now</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
See? Just like this.
</div>
</div>
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small class="text-muted">2 seconds ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Heads up, toasts will stack automatically
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
You can also get fancy with flexbox utilities to align toasts horizontally and/or vertically.
{{< example class="bg-dark" >}}
<!-- Flexbox container for aligning the toasts -->
<div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center" style="min-height: 200px;">
<!-- Then put toasts within -->
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small>11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Accessibility
Toasts are intended to be small interruptions to your visitors or users, so to help those with screen readers and similar assistive technologies, you should wrap your toasts in an [`aria-live` region](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/ARIA_Live_Regions). Changes to live regions (such as injecting/updating a toast component) are automatically announced by screen readers without needing to move the user's focus or otherwise interrupt the user. Additionally, include `aria-atomic="true"` to ensure that the entire toast is always announced as a single (atomic) unit, rather than announcing what was changed (which could lead to problems if you only update part of the toast's content, or if displaying the same toast content at a later point in time). If the information needed is important for the process, e.g. for a list of errors in a form, then use the [alert component]({{< docsref "/components/alerts" >}}) instead of toast.
Note that the live region needs to be present in the markup *before* the toast is generated or updated. If you dynamically generate both at the same time and inject them into the page, they will generally not be announced by assistive technologies.
You also need to adapt the `role` and `aria-live` level depending on the content. If it's an important message like an error, use `role="alert" aria-live="assertive"`, otherwise use `role="status" aria-live="polite"` attributes.
As the content you're displaying changes, be sure to update the [`delay` timeout](#options) to ensure people have enough time to read the toast.
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" data-delay="10000">
<div role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">...</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
When using `autohide: false`, you must add a close button to allow users to dismiss the toast.
{{< example class="bg-light" >}}
<div role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true" class="toast" data-autohide="false">
<div class="toast-header">
{{< placeholder width="20" height="20" background="#007aff" class="rounded mr-2" text="false" title="false" >}}
<strong class="mr-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small>11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## JavaScript behavior
### Usage
Initialize toasts via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var toastElList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('.toast'))
var toastList = toastElList.map(function (toastEl) {
return new bootstrap.Toast(toastEl, option)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-animation=""`.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>animation</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Apply a CSS fade transition to the toast</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>autohide</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Auto hide the toast</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>delay</td>
<td>number</td>
<td>
<code>500</code>
</td>
<td>Delay hiding the toast (ms)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
#### show
Reveals an element's toast. **Returns to the caller before the toast has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.toast` event occurs).
You have to manually call this method, instead your toast won't show.
{{< highlight js >}}toast.show(){{< /highlight >}}
#### hide
Hides an element's toast. **Returns to the caller before the toast has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.toast` event occurs). You have to manually call this method if you made `autohide` to `false`.
{{< highlight js >}}toast.hide(){{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Hides an element's toast. Your toast will remain on the DOM but won't show anymore.
{{< highlight js >}}toast.dispose(){{< /highlight >}}
### Events
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.toast</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.toast</td>
<td>This event is fired when the toast has been made visible to the user.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.toast</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.toast</td>
<td>This event is fired when the toast has finished being hidden from the user.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myToastEl = document.getElementById('myToast')
myToastEl.addEventListener('hidden.bs.toast', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Tooltips
description: Documentation and examples for adding custom Bootstrap tooltips with CSS and JavaScript using CSS3 for animations and data-attributes for local title storage.
group: components
toc: true
---
## Overview
Things to know when using the tooltip plugin:
- Tooltips rely on the 3rd party library [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org/) for positioning. You must include [popper.min.js]({{< param "cdn.popper" >}}) before bootstrap.js or use `bootstrap.bundle.min.js` / `bootstrap.bundle.js` which contains Popper.js in order for tooltips to work!
- Tooltips are opt-in for performance reasons, so **you must initialize them yourself**.
- Tooltips with zero-length titles are never displayed.
- Specify `container: 'body'` to avoid rendering problems in more complex components (like our input groups, button groups, etc).
- Triggering tooltips on hidden elements will not work.
- Tooltips for `.disabled` or `disabled` elements must be triggered on a wrapper element.
- When triggered from hyperlinks that span multiple lines, tooltips will be centered. Use `white-space: nowrap;` on your `<a>`s to avoid this behavior.
- Tooltips must be hidden before their corresponding elements have been removed from the DOM.
- Tooltips can be triggered thanks to an element inside a shadow DOM.
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
Got all that? Great, let's see how they work with some examples.
## Example: Enable tooltips everywhere
One way to initialize all tooltips on a page would be to select them by their `data-toggle` attribute:
{{< highlight js >}}
var tooltipTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-toggle="tooltip"]'))
var tooltipList = tooltipTriggerList.map(function (tooltipTriggerEl) {
return new bootstrap.Tooltip(tooltipTriggerEl)
})
{{< /highlight >}}
## Examples
Hover over the links below to see tooltips:
<div class="bd-example tooltip-demo">
<p class="muted">Tight pants next level keffiyeh <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Default tooltip">you probably</a> haven't heard of them. Photo booth beard raw denim letterpress vegan messenger bag stumptown. Farm-to-table seitan, mcsweeney's fixie sustainable quinoa 8-bit american apparel <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Another tooltip">have a</a> terry richardson vinyl chambray. Beard stumptown, cardigans banh mi lomo thundercats. Tofu biodiesel williamsburg marfa, four loko mcsweeney's cleanse vegan chambray. A really ironic artisan <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Another one here too">whatever keytar</a>, scenester farm-to-table banksy Austin <a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="The last tip!">twitter handle</a> freegan cred raw denim single-origin coffee viral.
</p>
</div>
Hover over the buttons below to see the four tooltips directions: top, right, bottom, and left.
<div class="bd-example tooltip-demo">
<div class="bd-example-tooltips">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Tooltip on top">Tooltip on top</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Tooltip on right">Tooltip on right</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Tooltip on bottom">Tooltip on bottom</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Tooltip on left">Tooltip on left</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-html="true" title="<em>Tooltip</em> <u>with</u> <b>HTML</b>">Tooltip with HTML</button>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="Tooltip on top">
Tooltip on top
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Tooltip on right">
Tooltip on right
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Tooltip on bottom">
Tooltip on bottom
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Tooltip on left">
Tooltip on left
</button>
{{< /highlight >}}
And with custom HTML added:
{{< highlight html >}}
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-toggle="tooltip" data-html="true" title="<em>Tooltip</em> <u>with</u> <b>HTML</b>">
Tooltip with HTML
</button>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Usage
The tooltip plugin generates content and markup on demand, and by default places tooltips after their trigger element.
Trigger the tooltip via JavaScript:
{{< highlight js >}}
var exampleEl = document.getElementById('example')
var tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(exampleEl, options)
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Overflow `auto` and `scroll`
Tooltip position attempts to automatically change when a parent container has `overflow: auto` or `overflow: scroll` like our `.table-responsive`, but still keeps the original placement's positioning. To resolve, set the `boundary` option to anything other than default value, `'scrollParent'`, such as `'window'`:
{{< highlight js >}}
var exampleEl = document.getElementById('example')
var tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(exampleEl, {
boundary: 'window'
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< /callout >}}
### Markup
The required markup for a tooltip is only a `data` attribute and `title` on the HTML element you wish to have a tooltip. The generated markup of a tooltip is rather simple, though it does require a position (by default, set to `top` by the plugin).
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Making tooltips work for keyboard and assistive technology users
You should only add tooltips to HTML elements that are traditionally keyboard-focusable and interactive (such as links or form controls). Although arbitrary HTML elements (such as `<span>`s) can be made focusable by adding the `tabindex="0"` attribute, this will add potentially annoying and confusing tab stops on non-interactive elements for keyboard users, and most assistive technologies currently do not announce the tooltip in this situation. Additionally, do not rely solely on `hover` as the trigger for your tooltip, as this will make your tooltips impossible to trigger for keyboard users.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- HTML to write -->
<a href="#" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Some tooltip text!">Hover over me</a>
<!-- Generated markup by the plugin -->
<div class="tooltip bs-tooltip-top" role="tooltip">
<div class="tooltip-arrow"></div>
<div class="tooltip-inner">
Some tooltip text!
</div>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Disabled elements
Elements with the `disabled` attribute aren't interactive, meaning users cannot focus, hover, or click them to trigger a tooltip (or popover). As a workaround, you'll want to trigger the tooltip from a wrapper `<div>` or `<span>`, ideally made keyboard-focusable using `tabindex="0"`, and override the `pointer-events` on the disabled element.
<div class="tooltip-demo">
{{< example >}}
<span class="d-inline-block" tabindex="0" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Disabled tooltip">
<button class="btn btn-primary" style="pointer-events: none;" type="button" disabled>Disabled button</button>
</span>
{{< /example >}}
</div>
### Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-animation=""`.
{{< callout warning >}}
Note that for security reasons the `sanitize`, `sanitizeFn` and `whiteList` options cannot be supplied using data attributes.
{{< /callout >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
<th style="width: 100px;">Type</th>
<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>animation</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Apply a CSS fade transition to the tooltip</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>container</td>
<td>string | element | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Appends the tooltip to a specific element. Example: <code>container: 'body'</code>. This option is particularly useful in that it allows you to position the tooltip in the flow of the document near the triggering element - which will prevent the tooltip from floating away from the triggering element during a window resize.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>delay</td>
<td>number | object</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Delay showing and hiding the tooltip (ms) - does not apply to manual trigger type</p>
<p>If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show</p>
<p>Object structure is: <code>delay: { "show": 500, "hide": 100 }</code></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>html</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>
<p>Allow HTML in the tooltip.</p>
<p>If true, HTML tags in the tooltip's <code>title</code> will be rendered in the tooltip. If false, <code>innerText</code> property will be used to insert content into the DOM.</p>
<p>Use text if you're worried about XSS attacks.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>placement</td>
<td>string | function</td>
<td>'top'</td>
<td>
<p>How to position the tooltip - auto | top | bottom | left | right.<br>When <code>auto</code> is specified, it will dynamically reorient the tooltip.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the placement, it is called with the tooltip DOM node as its first argument and the triggering element DOM node as its second. The <code>this</code> context is set to the tooltip instance.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>selector</td>
<td>string | false</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>If a selector is provided, tooltip objects will be delegated to the specified targets. In practice, this is used to also apply tooltips to dynamically added DOM elements (<code>jQuery.on</code> support). See <a href="{{< param repo >}}/issues/4215">this</a> and <a href="https://codepen.io/Johann-S/pen/djJYPb">an informative example</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>template</td>
<td>string</td>
<td><code>'&lt;div class="tooltip" role="tooltip"&gt;&lt;div class="tooltip-arrow"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="tooltip-inner"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'</code></td>
<td>
<p>Base HTML to use when creating the tooltip.</p>
<p>The tooltip's <code>title</code> will be injected into the <code>.tooltip-inner</code>.</p>
<p><code>.tooltip-arrow</code> will become the tooltip's arrow.</p>
<p>The outermost wrapper element should have the <code>.tooltip</code> class and <code>role="tooltip"</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td>string | element | function</td>
<td>''</td>
<td>
<p>Default title value if <code>title</code> attribute isn't present.</p>
<p>If a function is given, it will be called with its <code>this</code> reference set to the element that the tooltip is attached to.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trigger</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>'hover focus'</td>
<td>
<p>How tooltip is triggered - click | hover | focus | manual. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space.</p>
<p><code>'manual'</code> indicates that the tooltip will be triggered programmatically via the <code>.tooltip('show')</code>, <code>.tooltip('hide')</code> and <code>.tooltip('toggle')</code> methods; this value cannot be combined with any other trigger.</p>
<p><code>'hover'</code> on its own will result in tooltips that cannot be triggered via the keyboard, and should only be used if alternative methods for conveying the same information for keyboard users is present.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>offset</td>
<td>number | string | function</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>
<p>Offset of the tooltip relative to its target.</p>
<p>When a function is used to determine the offset, it is called with an object containing the offset data as its first argument. The function must return an object with the same structure. The triggering element DOM node is passed as the second argument.</p>
<p>For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..offset.offset">offset docs</a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fallbackPlacement</td>
<td>string | array</td>
<td>'flip'</td>
<td>Allow to specify which position Popper will use on fallback. For more information refer to
Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..flip.behavior">behavior docs</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>boundary</td>
<td>string | element</td>
<td>'scrollParent'</td>
<td>Overflow constraint boundary of the tooltip. Accepts the values of <code>'viewport'</code>, <code>'window'</code>, <code>'scrollParent'</code>, or an HTMLElement reference (JavaScript only). For more information refer to Popper.js's <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#modifiers..preventOverflow.boundariesElement">preventOverflow docs</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sanitize</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Enable or disable the sanitization. If activated <code>'template'</code> and <code>'title'</code> options will be sanitized.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>whiteList</td>
<td>object</td>
<td><a href="{{< docsref "/getting-started/javascript#sanitizer" >}}">Default value</a></td>
<td>Object which contains allowed attributes and tags</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sanitizeFn</td>
<td>null | function</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>Here you can supply your own sanitize function. This can be useful if you prefer to use a dedicated library to perform sanitization.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>popperConfig</td>
<td>null | object</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>To change Bootstrap's default Popper.js config, see <a href="https://popper.js.org/docs/v1/#Popper.Defaults">Popper.js's configuration</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< callout info >}}
#### Data attributes for individual tooltips
Options for individual tooltips can alternatively be specified through the use of data attributes, as explained above.
{{< /callout >}}
### Methods
{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
#### show
Reveals an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip. Tooltips with zero-length titles are never displayed.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.show(){{< /highlight >}}
#### hide
Hides an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.hide(){{< /highlight >}}
#### toggle
Toggles an element's tooltip. **Returns to the caller before the tooltip has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.tooltip` or `hidden.bs.tooltip` event occurs). This is considered a "manual" triggering of the tooltip.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.toggle(){{< /highlight >}}
#### dispose
Hides and destroys an element's tooltip. Tooltips that use delegation (which are created using [the `selector` option](#options)) cannot be individually destroyed on descendant trigger elements.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.dispose(){{< /highlight >}}
#### enable
Gives an element's tooltip the ability to be shown. **Tooltips are enabled by default.**
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.enable(){{< /highlight >}}
#### disable
Removes the ability for an element's tooltip to be shown. The tooltip will only be able to be shown if it is re-enabled.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.disable(){{< /highlight >}}
#### toggleEnabled
Toggles the ability for an element's tooltip to be shown or hidden.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.toggleEnabled(){{< /highlight >}}
#### update
Updates the position of an element's tooltip.
{{< highlight js >}}tooltip.update(){{< /highlight >}}
### Events
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="width: 150px;">Event type</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>show.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired when the tooltip has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired when the tooltip has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>inserted.bs.tooltip</td>
<td>This event is fired after the <code>show.bs.tooltip</code> event when the tooltip template has been added to the DOM.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight js >}}
var myTooltipEl = document.getElementById('myTooltip')
var tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(myTooltipEl)
myTooltipEl.addEventListener('hidden.bs.tooltip', function () {
// do something...
})
tooltip.hide()
{{< /highlight >}}
+26
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---
layout: docs
title: Figures
description: Documentation and examples for displaying related images and text with the figure component in Bootstrap.
group: content
---
Anytime you need to display a piece of content—like an image with an optional caption, consider using a `<figure>`.
Use the included `.figure`, `.figure-img` and `.figure-caption` classes to provide some baseline styles for the HTML5 `<figure>` and `<figcaption>` elements. Images in figures have no explicit size, so be sure to add the `.img-fluid` class to your `<img>` to make it responsive.
{{< example >}}
<figure class="figure">
{{< placeholder width="400" height="300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" >}}
<figcaption class="figure-caption">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{{< /example >}}
Aligning the figure's caption is easy with our [text utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/text#text-alignment" >}}).
{{< example >}}
<figure class="figure">
{{< placeholder width="400" height="300" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded" >}}
<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
{{< /example >}}
+55
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---
layout: docs
title: Images
description: Documentation and examples for opting images into responsive behavior (so they never become larger than their parent elements) and add lightweight styles to them—all via classes.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Responsive images
Images in Bootstrap are made responsive with `.img-fluid`. This applies `max-width: 100%;` and `height: auto;` to the image so that it scales with the parent element.
{{< example >}}
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="250" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg img-fluid" text="Responsive image" >}}
{{< /example >}}
## Image thumbnails
In addition to our [border-radius utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/borders" >}}), you can use `.img-thumbnail` to give an image a rounded 1px border appearance.
{{< example >}}
{{< placeholder width="200" height="200" class="img-thumbnail" title="A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera" >}}
{{< /example >}}
## Aligning images
Align images with the [helper float classes]({{< docsref "/utilities/float" >}}) or [text alignment classes]({{< docsref "/utilities/text#text-alignment" >}}). `block`-level images can be centered using [the `.mx-auto` margin utility class]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing#horizontal-centering" >}}).
{{< example >}}
{{< placeholder width="200" height="200" class="rounded float-left" >}}
{{< placeholder width="200" height="200" class="rounded float-right" >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
{{< placeholder width="200" height="200" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" >}}
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="text-center">
{{< placeholder width="200" height="200" class="rounded" >}}
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Picture
If you are using the `<picture>` element to specify multiple `<source>` elements for a specific `<img>`, make sure to add the `.img-*` classes to the `<img>` and not to the `<picture>` tag.
{{< highlight html >}}
<picture>
<source srcset="..." type="image/svg+xml">
<img src="..." class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" alt="...">
</picture>
{{< /highlight >}}
+442
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---
layout: docs
title: Reboot
description: Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.
group: content
aliases: "/docs/5.0/content/"
toc: true
---
## Approach
Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some `<table>` styles for a simpler baseline and later provide `.table`, `.table-bordered`, and more.
Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:
- Update some browser default values to use `rem`s instead of `em`s for scalable component spacing.
- Avoid `margin-top`. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of `margin` is a simpler mental model.
- For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use `rem`s for `margin`s.
- Keep declarations of `font`-related properties to a minimum, using `inherit` whenever possible.
## Page defaults
The `<html>` and `<body>` elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:
- The `box-sizing` is globally set on every element—including `*::before` and `*::after`, to `border-box`. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
- No base `font-size` is declared on the `<html>`, but `16px` is assumed (the browser default). `font-size: 1rem` is applied on the `<body>` for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach. This browser default can be overridden by modifying the `$font-size-root` variable.
- The `<body>` also sets a global `font-family`, `font-weight`, `line-height`, and `color`. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.
- For safety, the `<body>` has a declared `background-color`, defaulting to `#fff`.
## Native font stack
Bootstrap utilizes a "native font stack" or "system font stack" for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. These system fonts have been designed specifically with today's devices in mind, with improved rendering on screens, variable font support, and more. Read more about [native font stacks in this *Smashing Magazine* article](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/).
{{< highlight scss >}}
$font-family-sans-serif:
// Safari for macOS and iOS (San Francisco)
-apple-system,
// Chrome < 56 for macOS (San Francisco)
BlinkMacSystemFont,
// Windows
"Segoe UI",
// Android
Roboto,
// Basic web fallback
"Helvetica Neue", Arial,
// Linux
"Noto Sans",
// Sans serif fallback
sans-serif,
// Emoji fonts
"Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji" !default;
{{< /highlight >}}
This `font-family` is applied to the `<body>` and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global `font-family`, update `$font-family-base` and recompile Bootstrap.
## Headings and paragraphs
All heading elements—e.g., `<h1>`—and `<p>` are reset to have their `margin-top` removed. Headings have `margin-bottom: .5rem` added and paragraphs `margin-bottom: 1rem` for easy spacing.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h1></h1>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h2></h2>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h3></h3>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h4></h4>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h5></h5>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h6></h6>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Lists
All lists—`<ul>`, `<ol>`, and `<dl>`—have their `margin-top` removed and a `margin-bottom: 1rem`. Nested lists have no `margin-bottom`. We've also reset the `padding-left` on `<ul>` and `<ol>` elements.
<div class="bd-example">
{{< markdown >}}
* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
* Consectetur adipiscing elit
* Integer molestie lorem at massa
* Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
* Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
* Phasellus iaculis neque
* Purus sodales ultricies
* Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
* Ac tristique libero volutpat at
* Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
* Aenean sit amet erat nunc
* Eget porttitor lorem
1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
2. Consectetur adipiscing elit
3. Integer molestie lorem at massa
4. Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
5. Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
6. Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
7. Aenean sit amet erat nunc
8. Eget porttitor lorem
{{< /markdown >}}
</div>
For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated `margin`s. `<dd>`s reset `margin-left` to `0` and add `margin-bottom: .5rem`. `<dt>`s are **bolded**.
<div class="bd-example">
<dl>
<dt>Description lists</dt>
<dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt>Euismod</dt>
<dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
<dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
<dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
## Inline code
Wrap inline snippets of code with `<code>`. Be sure to escape HTML angle brackets.
{{< example >}}
For example, <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> should be wrapped as inline.
{{< /example >}}
## Code blocks
Use `<pre>`s for multiple lines of code. Once again, be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering. The `<pre>` element is reset to remove its `margin-top` and use `rem` units for its `margin-bottom`.
{{< example >}}
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And another line of sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
</code></pre>
{{< /example >}}
## Variables
For indicating variables use the `<var>` tag.
{{< example >}}
<var>y</var> = <var>m</var><var>x</var> + <var>b</var>
{{< /example >}}
## User input
Use the `<kbd>` to indicate input that is typically entered via keyboard.
{{< example >}}
To switch directories, type <kbd>cd</kbd> followed by the name of the directory.<br>
To edit settings, press <kbd><kbd>ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>,</kbd></kbd>
{{< /example >}}
## Sample output
For indicating sample output from a program use the `<samp>` tag.
{{< example >}}
<samp>This text is meant to be treated as sample output from a computer program.</samp>
{{< /example >}}
## Tables
Tables are slightly adjusted to style `<caption>`s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent `text-align` throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with [the `.table` class]({{< docsref "/content/tables" >}}).
<div class="bd-example">
<table>
<caption>
This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
## Forms
Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:
- `<fieldset>`s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.
- `<legend>`s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.
- `<label>`s are set to `display: inline-block` to allow `margin` to be applied.
- `<input>`s, `<select>`s, `<textarea>`s, and `<button>`s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their `margin` and sets `line-height: inherit`, too.
- `<textarea>`s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often "breaks" page layout.
- `<button>`s and `<input>` button elements have `cursor: pointer` when `:not(:disabled)`.
These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.
<form class="bd-example">
<fieldset>
<legend>Example legend</legend>
<p>
<label for="input">Example input</label>
<input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input">
</p>
<p>
<label for="email">Example email</label>
<input type="email" id="email" placeholder="lorem@ipsum.com">
</p>
<p>
<label for="tel">Example telephone</label>
<input type="tel" id="tel">
</p>
<p>
<label for="url">Example url</label>
<input type="url" id="url">
</p>
<p>
<label for="number">Example number</label>
<input type="number" id="number">
</p>
<p>
<label for="search">Example search</label>
<input type="search" id="search">
</p>
<p>
<label for="range">Example range</label>
<input type="range" id="range" min="0" max="10">
</p>
<p>
<label for="file">Example file input</label>
<input type="file" id="file">
</p>
<p>
<label for="select">Example select</label>
<select id="select">
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<optgroup label="Option group 1">
<option value="">Option 1</option>
<option value="">Option 2</option>
<option value="">Option 3</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Option group 2">
<option value="">Option 4</option>
<option value="">Option 5</option>
<option value="">Option 6</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="">
Check this checkbox
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked>
Option one is this and that
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2">
Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
Option three is disabled
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
<textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
</p>
<p>
<label for="date">Example date</label>
<input type="date" id="date">
</p>
<p>
<label for="time">Example time</label>
<input type="time" id="time">
</p>
<p>
<label for="password">Example password</label>
<input type="password" id="password">
</p>
<p>
<label for="datetime-local">Example datetime-local</label>
<input type="datetime-local" id="datetime-local">
</p>
<p>
<label for="week">Example week</label>
<input type="week" id="week">
</p>
<p>
<label for="month">Example month</label>
<input type="month" id="month">
</p>
<p>
<label for="color">Example color</label>
<input type="color" id="color">
</p>
<p>
<label for="output">Example output</label>
<output name="result" id="output">100</output>
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit">Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button">
<input type="reset" value="Input reset button">
<input type="button" value="Input button">
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit" disabled>Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled>
<input type="reset" value="Input reset button" disabled>
<input type="button" value="Input button" disabled>
</p>
</fieldset>
</form>
{{< callout warning >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-input-support.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Misc elements
### Address
The `<address>` element is updated to reset the browser default `font-style` from `italic` to `normal`. `line-height` is also now inherited, and `margin-bottom: 1rem` has been added. `<address>`s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with `<br>`.
<div class="bd-example">
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
1355 Market St, Suite 900<br>
San Francisco, CA 94103<br>
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href="mailto:first.last@example.com">first.last@example.com</a>
</address>
</div>
### Blockquote
The default `margin` on blockquotes is `1em 40px`, so we reset that to `0 0 1rem` for something more consistent with other elements.
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
### Inline elements
The `<abbr>` element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.
<div class="bd-example">
Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
</div>
### Summary
The default `cursor` on summary is `text`, so we reset that to `pointer` to convey that the element can be interacted with by clicking on it.
<div class="bd-example">
<details>
<summary>Some details</summary>
<p>More info about the details.</p>
</details>
<details open>
<summary>Even more details</summary>
<p>Here are even more details about the details.</p>
</details>
</div>
## HTML5 `[hidden]` attribute
HTML5 adds [a new global attribute named `[hidden]`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden), which is styled as `display: none` by default. Borrowing an idea from [PureCSS](https://purecss.io/), we improve upon this default by making `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` to help prevent its `display` from getting accidentally overridden.
{{< highlight html >}}
<input type="text" hidden>
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
##### jQuery incompatibility
`[hidden]` is not compatible with jQuery's `$(...).hide()` and `$(...).show()` methods. Therefore, we don't currently especially endorse `[hidden]` over other techniques for managing the `display` of elements.
{{< /callout >}}
To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its `display` is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use [the `.invisible` class]({{< docsref "/utilities/visibility" >}}) instead.
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---
layout: docs
title: Tables
description: Documentation and examples for opt-in styling of tables (given their prevalent use in JavaScript plugins) with Bootstrap.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Overview
Due to the widespread use of `<table>` elements across third-party widgets like calendars and date pickers, Bootstrap's tables are **opt-in**. Add the base class `.table` to any `<table>`, then extend with our optional modifier classes or custom styles. All table styles are not inherited in Bootstrap, meaning any nested tables can be styled independent from the parent.
Using the most basic table markup, here's how `.table`-based tables look in Bootstrap.
{{< table class="table" simplified="false" >}}
## Variants
Use contextual classes to color tables, table rows or individual cells.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Class</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Default</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
{{< table.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<tr class="table-{{ .name }}">
<th scope="row">{{ .name | title }}</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
{{- end -}}
{{< /table.inline >}}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<!-- On tables -->{{< table.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<table class="table-{{ .name }}">...</table>
{{- end -}}
{{< /table.inline >}}
<!-- On rows -->{{< table.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<tr class="table-{{ .name }}">...</tr>
{{- end -}}
{{< /table.inline >}}
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>{{< table.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<td class="table-{{ .name }}">...</td>
{{- end -}}
{{< /table.inline >}}
</tr>
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-warning-color-assistive-technologies.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Accented tables
### Striped rows
Use `.table-striped` to add zebra-striping to any table row within the `<tbody>`.
{{< table class="table table-striped" >}}
These classes can also be added to table variants:
{{< table class="table table-dark table-striped" >}}
{{< table class="table table-success table-striped" >}}
### Hoverable rows
Add `.table-hover` to enable a hover state on table rows within a `<tbody>`.
{{< table class="table table-hover" >}}
{{< table class="table table-dark table-hover" >}}
These hoverable rows can also be combined with the striped variant:
{{< table class="table table-striped table-hover" >}}
### Active tables
Highlight a table row or cell by adding a `.table-active` class.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
...
</tr>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table table-dark">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table table-dark">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
...
</tr>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
## How do the variants and accented tables work?
For the accented tables ([striped rows](#striped-rows), [hoverable rows](#hoverable-rows), and [active tables](#active-tables)), we used some techniques to make these effects work for all our [table variants](#variants):
- We start by setting the background of a table cell with the `--bs-table-bg` custom property. All table variants then set that custom property to colorize the table cells. This way, we don't get into trouble if semi-transparent colors are used as table backgrounds.
- Then we add a gradient on the table cells with `background-image: linear-gradient(var(--bs-table-accent-bg), var(--bs-table-accent-bg));` to layer on top of any specified `background-color`. Since `--bs-table-accent-bg` is transparent by default, we have an invisible transparent linear gradient by default.
- When either `.table-striped`, `.table-hover` or `.table-active` classes are added, the `--bs-table-accent-bg` is set to a semitransparent color to colorize the background.
- For each table variant, we generate a `--bs-table-accent-bg` color with the highest contrast depedending on that color. For example, the accent color for `.table-primary` is darker while `.table-dark` has a lighter accent color.
- Text and border colors are generated the same way, and their colors are inherited by default.
Behind the scenes it looks like this:
{{< scss-docs name="table-variant" file="scss/mixins/_table-variants.scss" >}}
## Table borders
### Bordered tables
Add `.table-bordered` for borders on all sides of the table and cells.
{{< table class="table table-bordered" >}}
[Border color utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/borders#border-color" >}}) can be added to change colors:
{{< table class="table table-bordered border-primary" >}}
### Tables without borders
Add `.table-borderless` for a table without borders.
{{< table class="table table-borderless" >}}
{{< table class="table table-dark table-borderless" >}}
## Small tables
Add `.table-sm` to make any `.table` more compact by cutting all cell `padding` in half.
{{< table class="table table-sm" >}}
{{< table class="table table-dark table-sm" >}}
## Vertical alignment
Table cells of `<thead>` are always vertical aligned to the bottom. Table cells in `<tbody>` inherit their alignment from `<table>` and are aligned to the the top by default. Use the [vertical align]({{< docsref "/utilities/vertical-align" >}}) classes to re-align where needed.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table align-middle">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col" class="w-25">Heading 1</th>
<th scope="col" class="w-25">Heading 2</th>
<th scope="col" class="w-25">Heading 3</th>
<th scope="col" class="w-25">Heading 4</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: middle;</code> from the table</td>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: middle;</code> from the table</td>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: middle;</code> from the table</td>
<td>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="align-bottom">
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: bottom;</code> from the table row</td>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: bottom;</code> from the table row</td>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: bottom;</code> from the table row</td>
<td>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: middle;</code> from the table</td>
<td>This cell inherits <code>vertical-align: middle;</code> from the table</td>
<td class="align-top">This cell is aligned to the top.</td>
<td>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table table-sm table-dark">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table align-middle">
<thead>
<tr>
...
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr class="align-bottom">
...
</tr>
<tr>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td class="align-top">This cell is aligned to the top.</td>
<td>...</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Nesting
Border styles, active styles, and table variants are not inherited by nested tables.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<table class="table mb-0">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Header</th>
<th scope="col">Header</th>
<th scope="col">Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">A</th>
<td>First</td>
<td>Last</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">B</th>
<td>First</td>
<td>Last</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">C</th>
<td>First</td>
<td>Last</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<table class="table mb-0">
...
</table>
</td>
</tr>
...
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
## How nesting works
To prevent _any_ styles from leaking to nested tables, we use the child combinator (`>`) selector in our CSS. Since we need to target all the `td`s and `th`s in the `thead`, `tbody`, and `tfoot`, our selector would look pretty long without it. As such, we use the rather odd looking `.table > :not(caption) > * > * ` selector to target all `td`s and `th`s of the `.table`, but none of any potential nested tables.
Note that if you add `<tr>`s as direct children of a table, those `<tr>` will be wrapped in a `<tbody>` by default, thus making our selectors work as intended.
## Anatomy
### Table head
Similar to tables and dark tables, use the modifier classes `.table-light` or `.table-dark` to make `<thead>`s appear light or dark gray.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-light">
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-light">
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-dark">
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-dark">
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Table foot
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-light">
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td>Footer</td>
<td>Footer</td>
<td>Footer</td>
<td>Footer</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
<tfoot>
...
</tfoot>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Captions
A `<caption>` functions like a heading for a table. It helps users with screen readers to find a table and understand what it's about and decide if they want to read it.
<div class="bd-example">
<table class="table">
<caption>List of users</caption>
{{< partial "table-content.html" >}}
</table>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<table class="table table-sm">
<caption>List of users</caption>
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /highlight >}}
You can also put the `<caption>` on the top of the table with `.caption-top`.
{{< example >}}
<table class="table caption-top">
<caption>List of users</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< /example >}}
## Responsive tables
Responsive tables allow tables to be scrolled horizontally with ease. Make any table responsive across all viewports by wrapping a `.table` with `.table-responsive`. Or, pick a maximum breakpoint with which to have a responsive table up to by using `.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}`.
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Vertical clipping/truncation
Responsive tables make use of `overflow-y: hidden`, which clips off any content that goes beyond the bottom or top edges of the table. In particular, this can clip off dropdown menus and other third-party widgets.
{{< /callout >}}
### Always responsive
Across every breakpoint, use `.table-responsive` for horizontally scrolling tables.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Breakpoint specific
Use `.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}` as needed to create responsive tables up to a particular breakpoint. From that breakpoint and up, the table will behave normally and not scroll horizontally.
**These tables may appear broken until their responsive styles apply at specific viewport widths.**
{{< tables.inline >}}
{{ range $.Site.Data.breakpoints }}
{{ if not (eq . "xs") }}
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="table-responsive{{ .abbr }}">
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
<th scope="col">Heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
<td>Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
{{ end -}}
{{- end -}}
{{< /tables.inline >}}
{{< highlight html >}}
{{< tables.inline >}}
{{- range $.Site.Data.breakpoints -}}
{{- if not (eq . "xs") }}
<div class="table-responsive{{ .abbr }}">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
{{ end -}}
{{- end -}}
{{< /tables.inline >}}
{{< /highlight >}}
## Customizing in Sass
- The factor variables (`$table-striped-bg-factor`, `$table-active-bg-factor` & `$table-hover-bg-factor`) are used to determine the contrast in table variants.
- Apart from the light & dark table variants, theme colors are lightened by the `$table-bg-level` variable.
{{< scss-docs name="table-variables" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Typography
description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap typography, including global settings, headings, body text, lists, and more.
group: content
toc: true
---
## Global settings
Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. When more control is needed, check out the [textual utility classes]({{< docsref "/utilities/text" >}}).
- Use a [native font stack]({{< docsref "/content/reboot#native-font-stack" >}}) that selects the best `font-family` for each OS and device.
- For a more inclusive and accessible type scale, we assume the browser default root `font-size` (typically 16px) so visitors can customize their browser defaults as needed.
- Use the `$font-family-base`, `$font-size-base`, and `$line-height-base` attributes as our typographic base applied to the `<body>`.
- Set the global link color via `$link-color` and apply link underlines only on `:hover`.
- Use `$body-bg` to set a `background-color` on the `<body>` (`#fff` by default).
These styles can be found within `_reboot.scss`, and the global variables are defined in `_variables.scss`. Make sure to set `$font-size-base` in `rem`.
## Headings
All HTML headings, `<h1>` through `<h6>`, are available.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h1></h1>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h2></h2>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h3></h3>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h4></h4>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h5></h5>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
{{< markdown >}}`<h6></h6>`{{< /markdown >}}
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{{< highlight html >}}
<h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1>
<h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2>
<h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3>
<h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4>
<h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5>
<h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6>
{{< /highlight >}}
`.h1` through `.h6` classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but cannot use the associated HTML element.
{{< example >}}
<p class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</p>
{{< /example >}}
### Customizing headings
Use the included utility classes to recreate the small secondary heading text from Bootstrap 3.
{{< example >}}
<h3>
Fancy display heading
<small class="text-muted">With faded secondary text</small>
</h3>
{{< /example >}}
## Display headings
Traditional heading elements are designed to work best in the meat of your page content. When you need a heading to stand out, consider using a **display heading**—a larger, slightly more opinionated heading style.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="display-1 pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom">Display 1</div>
<div class="display-2 pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom">Display 2</div>
<div class="display-3 pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom">Display 3</div>
<div class="display-4 pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom">Display 4</div>
<div class="display-5 pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom">Display 5</div>
<div class="display-6">Display 6</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<h1 class="display-1">Display 1</h1>
<h1 class="display-2">Display 2</h1>
<h1 class="display-3">Display 3</h1>
<h1 class="display-4">Display 4</h1>
<h1 class="display-5">Display 5</h1>
<h1 class="display-6">Display 6</h1>
{{< /highlight >}}
Display headings are configured via the `$display-font-sizes` Sass map and two variables, `$display-font-weight` and `$display-line-height`.
{{< scss-docs name="display-headings" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
## Lead
Make a paragraph stand out by adding `.lead`.
{{< example >}}
<p class="lead">
Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.
</p>
{{< /example >}}
## Inline text elements
Styling for common inline HTML5 elements.
{{< example >}}
<p>You can use the mark tag to <mark>highlight</mark> text.</p>
<p><del>This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.</del></p>
<p><s>This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.</s></p>
<p><ins>This line of text is meant to be treated as an addition to the document.</ins></p>
<p><u>This line of text will render as underlined</u></p>
<p><small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small></p>
<p><strong>This line rendered as bold text.</strong></p>
<p><em>This line rendered as italicized text.</em></p>
{{< /example >}}
Beware that those tags should be used for semantic purpose:
* `<mark>` represents text which is marked or highlighted for reference or notation purposes.
* `<small>` represents side-comments and small print, like copyright and legal text.
* `<s>` represents element that are no longer relevant or no longer accurate.
* `<u>` represents a span of inline text which should be rendered in a way that indicates that it has a non-textual annotation.
If you want to style your text, you should use the following classes instead:
* `.mark` will apply the same styles as `<mark>`.
* `.small` will apply the same styles as `<small>`.
* `.text-decoration-underline` will apply the same styles as `<u>`.
* `.text-decoration-line-through` will apply the same styles as `<s>`.
While not shown above, feel free to use `<b>` and `<i>` in HTML5. `<b>` is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance, while `<i>` is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.
## Text utilities
Change text alignment, transform, style, weight, line-height, decoration and color with our [text utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/text" >}}) and [color utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/colors" >}}).
## Abbreviations
Stylized implementation of HTML's `<abbr>` element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations have a default underline and gain a help cursor to provide additional context on hover and to users of assistive technologies.
Add `.initialism` to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.
{{< example >}}
<p><abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr></p>
<p><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr></p>
{{< /example >}}
## Blockquotes
For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document. Wrap `<blockquote class="blockquote">` around any <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> as the quote.
{{< example >}}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
{{< /example >}}
### Naming a source
Add a `<footer class="blockquote-footer">` for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in `<cite>`.
{{< example >}}
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{{< /example >}}
### Alignment
Use text utilities as needed to change the alignment of your blockquote.
{{< example >}}
<blockquote class="blockquote text-center">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<blockquote class="blockquote text-right">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
{{< /example >}}
## Lists
### Unstyled
Remove the default `list-style` and left margin on list items (immediate children only). **This only applies to immediate children list items**, meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Inline
Remove a list's bullets and apply some light `margin` with a combination of two classes, `.list-inline` and `.list-inline-item`.
{{< example >}}
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item">Lorem ipsum</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Phasellus iaculis</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Nulla volutpat</li>
</ul>
{{< /example >}}
### Description list alignment
Align terms and descriptions horizontally by using our grid system's predefined classes (or semantic mixins). For longer terms, you can optionally add a `.text-truncate` class to truncate the text with an ellipsis.
{{< example >}}
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-3">Description lists</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Euismod</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<p>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.</p>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3 text-truncate">Truncated term is truncated</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Nesting</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-4">Nested definition list</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-8">Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
{{< /example >}}
## Responsive font sizes
In Bootstrap 5, we've enabled responsive font sizes by default, allowing text to scale more naturally across device and viewport sizes. Have a look at the [RFS page]({{< docsref "/getting-started/rfs" >}}) to find out how this works.
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---
layout: docs
title: Color
description: Bootstrap is supported by an extensive color system that themes our styles and components. This enables more comprehensive customization and extension for any project.
group: customize
toc: true
---
## Theme colors
We use a subset of all colors to create a smaller color palette for generating color schemes, also available as Sass variables and a Sass map in Bootstrap's `scss/_variables.scss` file.
<div class="row">
{{< theme-colors.inline >}}
{{- range (index $.Site.Data "theme-colors") }}
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="p-3 mb-3 bg-{{ .name }} {{ if or (eq .name "light") (eq .name "warning") }}text-dark{{ else }}text-white{{ end }}">{{ .name | title }}</div>
</div>
{{ end -}}
{{< /theme-colors.inline >}}
</div>
All these colors are available as a Sass map, `$theme-colors`.
{{< scss-docs name="theme-colors-map" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
Check out [our Sass maps and loops docs]({{< docsref "/customize/sass#maps-and-loops" >}}) for how to modify these colors.
## All colors
All Bootstrap colors are available as Sass variables and a Sass map in `scss/_variables.scss` file. To avoid increased file sizes, we don't create text or background color classes for each of these variables. Instead, we choose a subset of these colors for a [theme palette](#theme-colors).
<div class="row font-monospace">
{{< theme-colors.inline >}}
{{- range $color := $.Site.Data.colors }}
{{- if (and (not (eq $color.name "white")) (not (eq $color.name "gray")) (not (eq $color.name "gray-dark"))) }}
<div class="col-md-4 mb-3">
<div class="p-3 mb-2 swatch-{{ $color.name }}">
<strong class="d-block">${{ $color.name }}</strong>
{{ $color.hex }}
</div>
{{ range (seq 100 100 900) }}
<div class="p-3 bd-{{ $color.name }}-{{ . }}">${{ $color.name }}-{{ . }}</div>
{{ end }}
</div>
{{ end -}}
{{ end -}}
<div class="col-md-4 mb-3">
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bd-gray-500">
<strong class="d-block">$gray-500</strong>
#adb5bd
</div>
{{- range $.Site.Data.grays }}
<div class="p-3 bd-gray-{{ .name }}">$gray-{{ .name }}</div>
{{ end -}}
</div>
{{< /theme-colors.inline >}}
<div class="col-md-4 mb-3">
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bd-black text-white">
<strong class="d-block">$black</strong>
#000
</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bd-white border">
<strong class="d-block">$white</strong>
#fff
</div>
</div>
</div>
### Notes on Sass
Sass cannot programmatically generate variables, so we manually created variables for every tint and shade ourselves. We specify the midpoint value (e.g., `$blue-500`) and use custom color functions to tint (lighten) or shade (darken) our colors via Sass's `mix()` color function.
Using `mix()` is not the same as `lighten()` and `darken()`—the former blends the specified color with white or black, while the latter only adjusts the lightness value of each color. The result is a much more complete suite of colors, as [shown in this CodePen demo](https://codepen.io/emdeoh/pen/zYOQOPB).
Our `tint-color()` and `shade-color()` functions use `mix()` alongside our `$theme-color-interval` variable, which specifies a stepped percentage value for each mixed color we produce. See the `scss/_functions.scss` and `scss/_variables.scss` files for the full source code.
## Color Sass maps
Bootstrap's source Sass files include three maps to help you quickly and easily loop over a list of colors and their hex values.
- `$colors` lists all our available base (`500`) colors
- `$theme-colors` lists all semantically named theme colors (shown below)
- `$grays` lists all tins and shades of gray
Within `scss/_variables.scss`, you'll find Bootstrap's color variables and Sass map. Here's an example of the `$colors` Sass map:
{{< scss-docs name="colors-map" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
Add, remove, or modify values within the map to update how they're used in many other components. Unfortunately at this time, not _every_ component utilizes this Sass map. Future updates will strive to improve upon this. Until then, plan on making use of the `${color}` variables and this Sass map.
### Example
Here's how you can use these in your Sass:
{{< highlight scss >}}
.alpha { color: $purple; }
.beta {
color: $yellow-300;
background-color: $indigo-900;
}
{{< /highlight >}}
[Color utility classes]({{< docsref "/utilities/colors" >}}) are also available for setting `color` and `background-color` using the `500` color values.
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Components
description: Learn how and why we build nearly all our components responsively and with base and modifier classes.
group: customize
toc: true
---
## Base classes
Bootstrap's components are largely built with a base-modifier nomenclature. We group as many shared properties as possible into a base class, like `.btn`, and then group individual styles for each variant into modifier classes, like `.btn-primary` or `.btn-success`.
To build our modifier classes, we use Sass's `@each` loops to iterate over a Sass map. This is especially helpful for generating variants of a component by our `$theme-colors` and creating responsive variants for each breakpoint. As you customize these Sass maps and recompile, you'll automatically see your changes reflected in these loops.
Check out [our Sass maps and loops docs]({{< docsref "/customize/sass#maps-and-loops" >}}) for how to customize these loops and extend Bootstrap's base-modifier approach to your own code.
## Modifiers
Many of Bootstrap's components are built with a base-modifier class approach. This means the bulk of the styling is contained to a base class (e.g., `.btn`) while style variations are confined to modifier classes (e.g., `.btn-danger`). These modifier classes are built from the `$theme-colors` map to make customizing the number and name of our modifier classes.
Here are two examples of how we loop over the `$theme-colors` map to generate modifiers to the `.alert` and `.list-group` components.
{{< scss-docs name="alert-modifiers" file="scss/_alert.scss" >}}
{{< scss-docs name="list-group-modifiers" file="scss/_list-group.scss" >}}
## Responsive
These Sass loops aren't limited to color maps, either. You can also generate responsive variations of your components. Take for example our responsive alignment of the dropdowns where we mix an `@each` loop for the `$grid-breakpoints` Sass map with a media query include.
{{< scss-docs name="responsive-breakpoints" file="scss/_dropdown.scss" >}}
Should you modify your `$grid-breakpoints`, your changes will apply to all the loops iterating over that map.
{{< scss-docs name="grid-breakpoints" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
For more information and examples on how to modify our Sass maps and variables, please refer to [the Sass section of the Grid documentation]({{< docsref "/layout/grid#sass" >}}).
## Creating your own
We encourage you to adopt these guidelines when building with Bootstrap to create your own components. We've extended this approach ourselves to the custom components in our documentation and examples. Components like our callouts are built just like our provided components with base and modifier classes.
<div class="bd-example">
<div class="bd-callout my-0">
<strong>This is a callout.</strong> We built it custom for our docs so our messages to you stand out. It has three variants via modifier classes.
</div>
</div>
{{< highlight html >}}
<div class="callout">...</div>
{{< /highlight >}}
In your CSS, you'd have something like the following where the bulk of the styling is done via `.callout`. Then, the unique styles between each variant is controlled via modifier class.
```scss
// Base class
.callout {}
// Modifier classes
.callout-info {}
.callout-warning {}
.callout-danger {}
```
For the callouts, that unique styling is just a `border-left-color`. When you combine that base class with one of those modifier classes, you get your complete component family:
{{< callout info >}}
**This is an info callout.** Example text to show it in action.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
**This is a warning callout.** Example text to show it in action.
{{< /callout >}}
{{< callout danger >}}
**This is a danger callout.** Example text to show it in action.
{{< /callout >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
---
layout: docs
title: CSS variables
description: Use Bootstrap's CSS custom properties for fast and forward-looking design and development.
group: customize
toc: true
---
Bootstrap includes around two dozen [CSS custom properties (variables)](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties) in its compiled CSS, with dozens more on the way for improved customization on a per-component basis. These provide easy access to commonly used values like our theme colors, breakpoints, and primary font stacks when working in your browser's inspector, a code sandbox, or general prototyping.
**All our custom properties are prefixed with `bs-`** to avoid conflicts with third party CSS.
## Root variables
Here are the variables we include (note that the `:root` is required) that can be accessed anywhere Bootstrap's CSS is loaded. They're located in our `_root.scss` file and included in our compiled dist files.
{{< highlight css >}}
{{< root.inline >}}
{{- $css := readFile "dist/css/bootstrap.css" -}}
{{- $match := findRE ":root {([^}]*)}" $css 1 -}}
{{- if (eq (len $match) 0) -}}
{{- errorf "Got no matches for :root in %q!" $.Page.Path -}}
{{- end -}}
{{- index $match 0 -}}
{{< /root.inline >}}
{{< /highlight >}}
## Component variables
We're also beginning to make use of custom properties as local variables for various components. This way we can reduce our compiled CSS, ensure styles aren't inherited in places like nested tables, and allow some basic restyling and extending of Bootstrap components after Sass compilation.
Have a look at our table documentation for some [insight into how we're using CSS variables]({{< docsref "/content/tables#how-do-the-variants-and-accented-tables-work" >}}).
We're also using CSS variables across our grids—primarily for gutters—with more component usage coming in the future.
## Examples
CSS variables offer similar flexibility to Sass's variables, but without the need for compilation before being served to the browser. For example, here we're resetting our page's font and link styles with CSS variables.
{{< highlight css >}}
body {
font: 1rem/1.5 var(--bs-font-sans-serif);
}
a {
color: var(--bs-blue);
}
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Optimize
description: Keep your projects lean, responsive, and maintainable so you can deliver the best experience and focus on more important jobs.
group: customize
toc: true
---
## Lean Sass imports
When using Sass in your asset pipeline, make sure you optimize Bootstrap by only `@import`ing the components you need. Your largest optimizations will likely come from the `Layout & Components` section of our `bootstrap.scss`.
{{< scss-docs name="import-stack" file="scss/bootstrap.scss" >}}
If you're not using a component, comment it out or delete it entirely. For example, if you're not using the carousel, remove that import to save some file size in your compiled CSS. Keep in mind there are some dependencies across Sass imports that may make it more difficult to omit a file.
## Lean JavaScript
Bootstrap's JavaScript includes every component in our primary dist files (`bootstrap.js` and `bootstrap.min.js`), and even our primary dependency (Popper.js) with our bundle files (`bootstrap.bundle.js` and `bootstrap.bundle.min.js`). While you're customizing via Sass, be sure to remove related JavaScript.
For instance, assuming you're using your own JavaScript bundler like Webpack or Rollup, you'd only import the JavaScript you plan on using. In the example below, we show how to just include our modal JavaScript:
```js
// Import just what we need
// If you're importing tooltips or popovers, be sure to include the Popper.js dependency
// import "../../node_modules/popper.js/dist/popper.min.js";
import "../../node_modules/bootstrap/js/dist/util.js";
import "../../node_modules/bootstrap/js/dist/modal.js";
```
This way, you're not including any JavaScript you don't intend to use for components like buttons, carousels, and tooltips.
## Autoprefixer .browserslistrc
Bootstrap depends on Autoprefixer to automatically add browser prefixes to certain CSS properties. Prefixes are dictated by our `.browserslistrc` file, found in the root of the Bootstrap repo. Customizing this list of browsers and recompiling the Sass will automatically remove some CSS from your compiled CSS, if there are vendor prefixes unique to that browser or version.
## Unused CSS
_Help wanted with this section, please consider opening a PR. Thanks!_
While we don't have a prebuilt example for using [PurgeCSS](https://github.com/FullHuman/purgecss) with Bootstrap, there are some helpful articles and walkthroughs that the community has written. Here are some options:
- https://medium.com/dwarves-foundation/remove-unused-css-styles-from-bootstrap-using-purgecss-88395a2c5772
- https://lukencode.com/2018/07/29/automatically-removeunused-css-from-bootstrap-or-other-frameworks/
Lastly, this [CSS Tricks article on unused CSS](https://css-tricks.com/how-do-you-remove-unused-css-from-a-site/) shows how to use PurgeCSS and other similar tools.
## Minify and gzip
Whenever possible, be sure to compress all the code you serve to your visitors. If you're using Bootstrap dist files, try to stick to the minified versions (indicated by the `.min.css` and `.min.js` extensions). If you're building Bootstrap from the source with your own build system, be sure to implement your own minifiers for HTML, CSS, and JS.
## Nonblocking files
_Help wanted with this section, please consider opening a PR. Thanks!_
## Always use https
_Help wanted with this section, please consider opening a PR. Thanks!_
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Options
description: Quickly customize Bootstrap with built-in variables to easily toggle global CSS preferences for controlling style and behavior.
group: customize
---
Customize Bootstrap with our built-in custom variables file and easily toggle global CSS preferences with new `$enable-*` Sass variables. Override a variable's value and recompile with `npm run test` as needed.
You can find and customize these variables for key global options in Bootstrap's `scss/_variables.scss` file.
{{< bs-table "table text-left" >}}
| Variable | Values | Description |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `$spacer` | `1rem` (default), or any value > 0 | Specifies the default spacer value to programmatically generate our [spacer utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}). |
| `$enable-rounded` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables predefined `border-radius` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-shadows` | `true` or `false` (default) | Enables predefined `box-shadow` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-gradients` | `true` or `false` (default) | Enables predefined gradients via `background-image` styles on various components. |
| `$enable-transitions` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables predefined `transition`s on various components. |
| `$enable-reduced-motion` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables the [`prefers-reduced-motion` media query]({{< docsref "/getting-started/accessibility#reduced-motion" >}}), which suppresses certain animations/transitions based on the users' browser/operating system preferences. |
| `$enable-grid-classes` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables the generation of CSS classes for the grid system (e.g. `.row`, `.col-md-1`, etc.). |
| `$enable-caret` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables pseudo element caret on `.dropdown-toggle`. |
| `$enable-button-pointers` | `true` (default) or `false` | Add "hand" cursor to non-disabled button elements. |
| `$enable-rfs` | `true` (default) or `false` | Globally enables [RFS]({{< docsref "/getting-started/rfs" >}}). |
| `$enable-validation-icons` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables `background-image` icons within textual inputs and some custom forms for validation states. |
| `$enable-negative-margins` | `true` or `false` (default) | Enables the generation of [negative margin utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing#negative-margin" >}}). |
| `$enable-deprecation-messages` | `true` or `false` (default) | Set to `true` to show warnings when using any of the deprecated mixins and functions that are planned to be removed in `v5`. |
| `$enable-important-utilities` | `true` (default) or `false` | Enables the `!important` suffix in utility classes. |
{{< /bs-table >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Customize
description: Learn how to theme, customize, and extend Bootstrap with Sass, a boatload of global options, an expansive color system, and more.
group: customize
toc: false
aliases: "/docs/5.0/customize/"
sections:
- title: Sass
description: Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and functions.
- title: Options
description: Customize Bootstrap with built-in variables to easily toggle global CSS preferences.
- title: Color
description: Learn about and customize the color systems that support the entire toolkit.
- title: Components
description: Learn how we build nearly all our components responsively and with base and modifier classes.
- title: CSS variables
description: Use Bootstrap's CSS custom properties for fast and forward-looking design and development.
- title: Optimize
description: Keep your projects lean, responsive, and maintainable so you can deliver the best experience.
---
## Overview
There are multiple ways to customize Bootstrap. Your best path can depend on your project, the complexity of your build tools, the version of Bootstrap you're using, browser support, and more.
Our two preferred methods are:
1. Using Bootstrap [via package manager]({{< docsref "/getting-started/download#package-managers" >}}) so you can use and extend our source files.
2. Using Bootstrap's compiled distribution files or the [Bootstrap CDN]({{< docsref "/getting-started/download#bootstrapcdn" >}}) so you can add onto or override Bootstrap's styles.
While we cannot go into details here on how to use every package manager, we can give some guidance on [using Bootstrap with your own Sass compiler]({{< docsref "/customize/sass" >}}).
For those who want to use the distribution files, review the [getting started page]({{< docsref "/getting-started/introduction" >}}) for how to include those files and an example HTML page. From there, consult the docs for the layout, components, and behaviors you'd like to use.
As you familiarize yourself with Bootstrap, continue exploring this section for more details on how to utilize our global options, making use of and changing our color system, how we build our components, how to use our growing list of CSS custom properties, and how to optimize your code when building with Bootstrap.
+243
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@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Sass
description: Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and functions to help you build faster and customize your project.
group: customize
toc: true
---
Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and more. In our build we've increased the Sass rounding precision to 6 (by default it's 5) to prevent issues with browser rounding.
## File structure
Whenever possible, avoid modifying Bootstrap's core files. For Sass, that means creating your own stylesheet that imports Bootstrap so you can modify and extend it. Assuming you're using a package manager like npm, you'll have a file structure that looks like this:
{{< highlight text >}}
your-project/
├── scss
│ └── custom.scss
└── node_modules/
└── bootstrap
├── js
└── scss
{{< /highlight >}}
If you've downloaded our source files and aren't using a package manager, you'll want to manually setup something similar to that structure, keeping Bootstrap's source files separate from your own.
{{< highlight text >}}
your-project/
├── scss
│ └── custom.scss
└── bootstrap/
├── js
└── scss
{{< /highlight >}}
## Importing
In your `custom.scss`, you'll import Bootstrap's source Sass files. You have two options: include all of Bootstrap, or pick the parts you need. We encourage the latter, though be aware there are some requirements and dependencies across our components. You also will need to include some JavaScript for our plugins.
{{< highlight scss >}}
// Custom.scss
// Option A: Include all of Bootstrap
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/bootstrap";
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< highlight scss >}}
// Custom.scss
// Option B: Include parts of Bootstrap
// Required
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/functions";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/mixins";
// Optional
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/reboot";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/type";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/images";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/code";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/grid";
{{< /highlight >}}
With that setup in place, you can begin to modify any of the Sass variables and maps in your `custom.scss`. You can also start to add parts of Bootstrap under the `// Optional` section as needed. We suggest using the full import stack from our `bootstrap.scss` file as your starting point.
## Variable defaults
Every Sass variable in Bootstrap includes the `!default` flag allowing you to override the variable's default value in your own Sass without modifying Bootstrap's source code. Copy and paste variables as needed, modify their values, and remove the `!default` flag. If a variable has already been assigned, then it won't be re-assigned by the default values in Bootstrap.
You will find the complete list of Bootstrap's variables in `scss/_variables.scss`. Some variables are set to `null`, these variables don't output the property unless they are overridden in your configuration.
Variable overrides within the same Sass file can come before or after the default variables. However, when overriding across Sass files, your overrides must come before you import Bootstrap's Sass files.
Here's an example that changes the `background-color` and `color` for the `<body>` when importing and compiling Bootstrap via npm:
{{< highlight scss >}}
// Your variable overrides
$body-bg: #000;
$body-color: #111;
// Bootstrap and its default variables
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/bootstrap";
{{< /highlight >}}
Repeat as necessary for any variable in Bootstrap, including the global options below.
## Maps and loops
Bootstrap includes a handful of Sass maps, key value pairs that make it easier to generate families of related CSS. We use Sass maps for our colors, grid breakpoints, and more. Just like Sass variables, all Sass maps include the `!default` flag and can be overridden and extended.
Some of our Sass maps are merged into empty ones by default. This is done to allow easy expansion of a given Sass map, but comes at the cost of making _removing_ items from a map slightly more difficult.
### Modify map
All variables in the `$theme-colors` map are defined as standalone variables. To modify an existing color in our `$theme-colors` map, add the following to your custom Sass file:
{{< highlight scss >}}
$primary: #0074d9;
$danger: #ff4136;
{{< /highlight >}}
Later on, theses variables are set in Bootstrap's `$theme-colors` map:
{{< highlight scss >}}
$theme-colors: (
"primary": $primary,
"danger": $danger
);
{{< /highlight >}}
### Add to map
To add a new color to `$theme-colors`, add the new key and value:
{{< highlight scss >}}
$theme-colors: (
"custom-color": #900
);
{{< /highlight >}}
### Remove from map
To remove colors from `$theme-colors`, or any other map, use `map-remove`. Be aware you must insert it between our requirements and options:
{{< highlight scss >}}
// Required
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/functions";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/mixins";
$theme-colors: map-remove($theme-colors, "info", "light", "dark");
// Optional
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/root";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/reboot";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/type";
...
{{< /highlight >}}
## Required keys
Bootstrap assumes the presence of some specific keys within Sass maps as we used and extend these ourselves. As you customize the included maps, you may encounter errors where a specific Sass map's key is being used.
For example, we use the `primary`, `success`, and `danger` keys from `$theme-colors` for links, buttons, and form states. Replacing the values of these keys should present no issues, but removing them may cause Sass compilation issues. In these instances, you'll need to modify the Sass code that makes use of those values.
## Functions
### Colors
In Bootstrap 5, we've dropped the `color()`, `theme-color()` and `gray()` functions because the values are also available as standalone variables. So instead of using `theme-color("primary")`, you can now just use the `$primary` variable.
{{< highlight scss >}}
.custom-element {
color: $gray-100;
background-color: $dark;
}
{{< /highlight >}}
We also have a function for getting a particular _level_ of color. Negative level values will lighten the color, while higher levels will darken.
{{< scss-docs name="color-level" file="scss/_functions.scss" >}}
In practice, you'd call the function and pass in two parameters: the name of the color from `$theme-colors` (e.g., primary or danger) and a numeric level.
{{< highlight scss >}}
.custom-element {
color: color-level($primary, -10);
}
{{< /highlight >}}
### Color contrast
In order to meet [WCAG 2.0 accessibility standards for color contrast](https://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-contrast.html), authors **must** provide [a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/quickref/20160105/Overview.php#visual-audio-contrast-contrast), with very few exceptions.
An additional function we include in Bootstrap is the color contrast function, `color-contrast`. It utilizes the [WCAG 2.0 algorithm](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/G17.html#G17-tests) for calculating contrast thresholds based on [relative luminance](https://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/wiki/Relative_luminance) in a `sRGB` colorspace to automatically return a light (`#fff`) or dark (`#111`) contrast color based on the specified base color. This function is especially useful for mixins or loops where you're generating multiple classes.
For example, to generate color swatches from our `$theme-colors` map:
{{< highlight scss >}}
@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
.swatch-#{$color} {
color: color-contrast($value);
}
}
{{< /highlight >}}
It can also be used for one-off contrast needs:
{{< highlight scss >}}
.custom-element {
color: color-contrast(#000); // returns `color: #fff`
}
{{< /highlight >}}
You can also specify a base color with our color map functions:
{{< highlight scss >}}
.custom-element {
color: color-contrast($dark); // returns `color: #fff`
}
{{< /highlight >}}
### Escape SVG
We use the `escape-svg` function to escape the `<`, `>` and `#` characters for SVG background images.
### Add and Subtract functions
We use the `add` and `subtract` functions to wrap the CSS `calc` function. The primary purpose of these functions is to avoid errors when a "unitless" `0` value is passed into a `calc` expression. Expressions like `calc(10px - 0)` will return an error in all browsers, despite being mathematically correct.
Example where the calc is valid:
{{< highlight scss >}}
$border-radius: .25rem;
$border-width: 1px;
.element {
// Output calc(.25rem - 1px) is valid
border-radius: calc($border-radius - $border-width);
}
.element {
// Output the same calc(.25rem - 1px) as above
border-radius: subtract($border-radius, $border-width);
}
{{< /highlight >}}
Example where the calc is invalid:
{{< highlight scss >}}
$border-radius: .25rem;
$border-width: 0;
.element {
// Output calc(.25rem - 0) is invalid
border-radius: calc($border-radius - $border-width);
}
.element {
// Output .25rem
border-radius: subtract($border-radius, $border-width);
}
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
{
"extends": [
"stylelint-config-twbs-bootstrap/css"
],
"rules": {
"at-rule-no-vendor-prefix": null,
"comment-empty-line-before": null,
"media-feature-name-no-vendor-prefix": null,
"property-blacklist": null,
"property-no-vendor-prefix": null,
"selector-no-qualifying-type": null,
"selector-no-vendor-prefix": null,
"value-no-vendor-prefix": null
}
}
+31
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@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
---
layout: single
title: Examples
description: Quickly get a project started with any of our examples ranging from using parts of the framework to custom components and layouts.
aliases: "/examples/"
---
{{< list-examples.inline >}}
{{ range $entry := $.Site.Data.examples -}}
<h2>{{ $entry.category }}</h2>
<p>{{ $entry.description }}</p>
{{ range $i, $example := $entry.examples -}}
{{- $len := len $entry.examples -}}
{{ if (eq $i 0) }}<div class="row">{{ end }}
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-xl-3 mb-3">
<a href="/docs/{{ $.Site.Params.docs_version }}/examples/{{ $example.name | urlize }}/">
<img class="img-thumbnail mb-3" srcset="/docs/{{ $.Site.Params.docs_version }}/assets/img/examples/{{ $example.name | urlize }}.png,
/docs/{{ $.Site.Params.docs_version }}/assets/img/examples/{{ $example.name | urlize }}@2x.png 2x"
src="/docs/{{ $.Site.Params.docs_version }}/assets/img/examples/{{ $example.name | urlize }}.png"
alt="{{ $example.name }} screenshot"
width="480" height="300"
loading="lazy">
<h5 class="mb-1">{{ $example.name }}</h5>
</a>
<p class="text-muted">{{ $example.description }}</p>
</div>
{{ if (eq (add $i 1) $len) }}</div>{{ end }}
{{ end -}}
{{ end -}}
{{< /list-examples.inline >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Album example
---
<header>
<div class="collapse bg-dark" id="navbarHeader">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 col-md-7 py-4">
<h4 class="text-white">About</h4>
<p class="text-muted">Add some information about the album below, the author, or any other background context. Make it a few sentences long so folks can pick up some informative tidbits. Then, link them off to some social networking sites or contact information.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 offset-md-1 py-4">
<h4 class="text-white">Contact</h4>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Follow on Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Like on Facebook</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-white">Email me</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark shadow-sm">
<div class="container">
<a href="#" class="navbar-brand d-flex align-items-center">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" aria-hidden="true" class="mr-2" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M23 19a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H3a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h4l2-3h6l2 3h4a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"/><circle cx="12" cy="13" r="4"/></svg>
<strong>Album</strong>
</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarHeader" aria-controls="navbarHeader" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<main>
<section class="py-5 text-center container">
<div class="row py-lg-5">
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-8 mx-auto">
<h1 class="font-weight-light">Album example</h1>
<p class="lead text-muted">Something short and leading about the collection below—its contents, the creator, etc. Make it short and sweet, but not too short so folks dont simply skip over it entirely.</p>
<p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary my-2">Main call to action</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary my-2">Secondary action</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="album py-5 bg-light">
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-md-3 g-3">
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col">
<div class="card shadow-sm">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="225" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" class="card-img-top" text="Thumbnail" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<p class="card-text">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="btn-group">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">View</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Edit</button>
</div>
<small class="text-muted">9 mins</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</main>
<footer class="text-muted py-5">
<div class="container">
<p class="float-right mb-1">
<a href="#">Back to top</a>
</p>
<p class="mb-1">Album example is &copy; Bootstrap, but please download and customize it for yourself!</p>
<p class="mb-0">New to Bootstrap? <a href="/">Visit the homepage</a> or read our <a href="{{< docsref "/getting-started/introduction" >}}">getting started guide</a>.</p>
</div>
</footer>
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
/* stylelint-disable selector-list-comma-newline-after */
.blog-header {
line-height: 1;
border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
.blog-header-logo {
font-family: "Playfair Display", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
font-size: 2.25rem;
}
.blog-header-logo:hover {
text-decoration: none;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
font-family: "Playfair Display", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
}
.display-4 {
font-size: 2.5rem;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.display-4 {
font-size: 3rem;
}
}
.nav-scroller {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
height: 2.75rem;
overflow-y: hidden;
}
.nav-scroller .nav {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
padding-bottom: 1rem;
margin-top: -1px;
overflow-x: auto;
text-align: center;
white-space: nowrap;
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.nav-scroller .nav-link {
padding-top: .75rem;
padding-bottom: .75rem;
font-size: .875rem;
}
.card-img-right {
height: 100%;
border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
}
.flex-auto {
flex: 0 0 auto;
}
.h-250 { height: 250px; }
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.h-md-250 { height: 250px; }
}
/* Pagination */
.blog-pagination {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
.blog-pagination > .btn {
border-radius: 2rem;
}
/*
* Blog posts
*/
.blog-post {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
.blog-post-title {
margin-bottom: .25rem;
font-size: 2.5rem;
}
.blog-post-meta {
margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
color: #727272;
}
/*
* Footer
*/
.blog-footer {
padding: 2.5rem 0;
color: #727272;
text-align: center;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
border-top: .05rem solid #e5e5e5;
}
.blog-footer p:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Blog Template
extra_css:
- "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Playfair+Display:700,900&display=swap"
- "blog.css"
include_js: false
---
<div class="container">
<header class="blog-header py-3">
<div class="row flex-nowrap justify-content-between align-items-center">
<div class="col-4 pt-1">
<a class="link-secondary" href="#">Subscribe</a>
</div>
<div class="col-4 text-center">
<a class="blog-header-logo text-dark" href="#">Large</a>
</div>
<div class="col-4 d-flex justify-content-end align-items-center">
<a class="link-secondary" href="#" aria-label="Search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="mx-3" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><title>Search</title><circle cx="10.5" cy="10.5" r="7.5"/><path d="M21 21l-5.2-5.2"/></svg>
</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" href="#">Sign up</a>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="nav-scroller py-1 mb-2">
<nav class="nav d-flex justify-content-between">
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">World</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">U.S.</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Technology</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Design</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Culture</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Business</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Politics</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Opinion</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Science</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Health</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Style</a>
<a class="p-2 link-secondary" href="#">Travel</a>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="p-4 p-md-5 mb-4 text-white rounded bg-dark">
<div class="col-md-6 px-0">
<h1 class="display-4 font-italic">Title of a longer featured blog post</h1>
<p class="lead my-3">Multiple lines of text that form the lede, informing new readers quickly and efficiently about whats most interesting in this posts contents.</p>
<p class="lead mb-0"><a href="#" class="text-white font-weight-bold">Continue reading...</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-2">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="row g-0 border rounded overflow-hidden flex-md-row mb-4 shadow-sm h-md-250 position-relative">
<div class="col p-4 d-flex flex-column position-static">
<strong class="d-inline-block mb-2 text-primary">World</strong>
<h3 class="mb-0">Featured post</h3>
<div class="mb-1 text-muted">Nov 12</div>
<p class="card-text mb-auto">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="stretched-link">Continue reading</a>
</div>
<div class="col-auto d-none d-lg-block">
{{< placeholder width="200" height="250" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" text="Thumbnail" >}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="row g-0 border rounded overflow-hidden flex-md-row mb-4 shadow-sm h-md-250 position-relative">
<div class="col p-4 d-flex flex-column position-static">
<strong class="d-inline-block mb-2 text-success">Design</strong>
<h3 class="mb-0">Post title</h3>
<div class="mb-1 text-muted">Nov 11</div>
<p class="mb-auto">This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="stretched-link">Continue reading</a>
</div>
<div class="col-auto d-none d-lg-block">
{{< placeholder width="200" height="250" background="#55595c" color="#eceeef" text="Thumbnail" >}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<main class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 blog-main">
<h3 class="pb-4 mb-4 font-italic border-bottom">
From the Firehose
</h3>
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">Sample blog post</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">January 1, 2014 by <a href="#">Mark</a></p>
<p>This blog post shows a few different types of content thats supported and styled with Bootstrap. Basic typography, images, and code are all supported.</p>
<hr>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis <a href="#">dis parturient montes</a>, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Curabitur blandit tempus porttitor. <strong>Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis</strong> ornare vel eu leo. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<h3>Sub-heading</h3>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
<pre><code>Example code block</code></pre>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa.</p>
<h3>Sub-heading</h3>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<ul>
<li>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et.</li>
<li>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</li>
<li>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</li>
</ul>
<p>Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</p>
<ol>
<li>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper.</li>
<li>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</li>
<li>Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</li>
</ol>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">Another blog post</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">December 23, 2013 by <a href="#">Jacob</a></p>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis <a href="#">dis parturient montes</a>, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean eu leo quam. Pellentesque ornare sem lacinia quam venenatis vestibulum. Sed posuere consectetur est at lobortis. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Curabitur blandit tempus porttitor. <strong>Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis</strong> ornare vel eu leo. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<p>Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<div class="blog-post">
<h2 class="blog-post-title">New feature</h2>
<p class="blog-post-meta">December 14, 2013 by <a href="#">Chris</a></p>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<ul>
<li>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et.</li>
<li>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</li>
<li>Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</li>
</ul>
<p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
<p>Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.</p>
</div><!-- /.blog-post -->
<nav class="blog-pagination">
<a class="btn btn-outline-primary" href="#">Older</a>
<a class="btn btn-outline-secondary disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Newer</a>
</nav>
</div><!-- /.blog-main -->
<aside class="col-md-4 blog-sidebar">
<div class="p-4 mb-3 bg-light rounded">
<h4 class="font-italic">About</h4>
<p class="mb-0">Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
</div>
<div class="p-4">
<h4 class="font-italic">Archives</h4>
<ol class="list-unstyled mb-0">
<li><a href="#">March 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">February 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">January 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="#">December 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">November 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">October 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">September 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">August 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">July 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">June 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">May 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="#">April 2013</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="p-4">
<h4 class="font-italic">Elsewhere</h4>
<ol class="list-unstyled">
<li><a href="#">GitHub</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Facebook</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
</aside><!-- /.blog-sidebar -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</main><!-- /.container -->
<footer class="blog-footer">
<p>Blog template built for <a href="https://getbootstrap.com/">Bootstrap</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/mdo">@mdo</a>.</p>
<p>
<a href="#">Back to top</a>
</p>
</footer>
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
/* GLOBAL STYLES
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Padding below the footer and lighter body text */
body {
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
color: #5a5a5a;
}
/* CUSTOMIZE THE CAROUSEL
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Carousel base class */
.carousel {
margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
/* Since positioning the image, we need to help out the caption */
.carousel-caption {
bottom: 3rem;
z-index: 10;
}
/* Declare heights because of positioning of img element */
.carousel-item {
height: 32rem;
}
.carousel-item > img {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
min-width: 100%;
height: 32rem;
}
/* MARKETING CONTENT
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Center align the text within the three columns below the carousel */
.marketing .col-lg-4 {
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
}
.marketing h2 {
font-weight: 400;
}
.marketing .col-lg-4 p {
margin-right: .75rem;
margin-left: .75rem;
}
/* Featurettes
------------------------- */
.featurette-divider {
margin: 5rem 0; /* Space out the Bootstrap <hr> more */
}
/* Thin out the marketing headings */
.featurette-heading {
font-weight: 300;
line-height: 1;
letter-spacing: -.05rem;
}
/* RESPONSIVE CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
@media (min-width: 40em) {
/* Bump up size of carousel content */
.carousel-caption p {
margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
font-size: 1.25rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.featurette-heading {
font-size: 50px;
}
}
@media (min-width: 62em) {
.featurette-heading {
margin-top: 7rem;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Carousel Template
extra_css:
- "carousel.css"
---
<header>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark fixed-top bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Carousel</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<div id="myCarousel" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="100%" background="#777" color="#777" text="false" title="false" >}}
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption text-left">
<h1>Example headline.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Sign up today</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="100%" background="#777" color="#777" text="false" title="false" >}}
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption">
<h1>Another example headline.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Learn more</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="carousel-item">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="100%" background="#777" color="#777" text="false" title="false" >}}
<div class="container">
<div class="carousel-caption text-right">
<h1>One more for good measure.</h1>
<p>Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Browse gallery</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#myCarousel" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#myCarousel" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
<!-- Marketing messaging and featurettes
================================================== -->
<!-- Wrap the rest of the page in another container to center all the content. -->
<div class="container marketing">
<!-- Three columns of text below the carousel -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-4">
{{< placeholder width="140" height="140" background="#777" color="#777" class="rounded-circle" >}}
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros. Praesent commodo cursus magna.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
<div class="col-lg-4">
{{< placeholder width="140" height="140" background="#777" color="#777" class="rounded-circle" >}}
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
<div class="col-lg-4">
{{< placeholder width="140" height="140" background="#777" color="#777" class="rounded-circle" >}}
<h2>Heading</h2>
<p>Donec sed odio dui. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="#" role="button">View details &raquo;</a></p>
</div><!-- /.col-lg-4 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
<!-- START THE FEATURETTES -->
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">First featurette heading. <span class="text-muted">Itll blow your mind.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
{{< placeholder width="500" height="500" background="#eee" color="#aaa" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" >}}
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7 order-md-2">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">Oh yeah, its that good. <span class="text-muted">See for yourself.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5 order-md-1">
{{< placeholder width="500" height="500" background="#eee" color="#aaa" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" >}}
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<div class="row featurette">
<div class="col-md-7">
<h2 class="featurette-heading">And lastly, this one. <span class="text-muted">Checkmate.</span></h2>
<p class="lead">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
{{< placeholder width="500" height="500" background="#eee" color="#aaa" class="bd-placeholder-img-lg featurette-image img-fluid mx-auto" >}}
</div>
</div>
<hr class="featurette-divider">
<!-- /END THE FEATURETTES -->
</div><!-- /.container -->
<!-- FOOTER -->
<footer class="container">
<p class="float-right"><a href="#">Back to top</a></p>
<p>&copy; 2017-{{< year >}} Company, Inc. &middot; <a href="#">Privacy</a> &middot; <a href="#">Terms</a></p>
</footer>
</main>
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
.container {
max-width: 960px;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
'use strict'
// Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')
// Loop over them and prevent submission
Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
.forEach(function (form) {
form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
if (!form.checkValidity()) {
event.preventDefault()
event.stopPropagation()
}
form.classList.add('was-validated')
}, false)
})
})()
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Checkout example
extra_css:
- "form-validation.css"
extra_js:
- src: "form-validation.js"
body_class: "bg-light"
---
<div class="container">
<div class="py-5 text-center">
<img class="d-block mx-auto mb-4" src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h2>Checkout form</h2>
<p class="lead">Below is an example form built entirely with Bootstraps form controls. Each required form group has a validation state that can be triggered by attempting to submit the form without completing it.</p>
</div>
<div class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-5 col-lg-4 order-md-last">
<h4 class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center mb-3">
<span class="text-muted">Your cart</span>
<span class="badge bg-secondary rounded-pill">3</span>
</h4>
<ul class="list-group mb-3">
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between lh-sm">
<div>
<h6 class="my-0">Product name</h6>
<small class="text-muted">Brief description</small>
</div>
<span class="text-muted">$12</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between lh-sm">
<div>
<h6 class="my-0">Second product</h6>
<small class="text-muted">Brief description</small>
</div>
<span class="text-muted">$8</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between lh-sm">
<div>
<h6 class="my-0">Third item</h6>
<small class="text-muted">Brief description</small>
</div>
<span class="text-muted">$5</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between bg-light">
<div class="text-success">
<h6 class="my-0">Promo code</h6>
<small>EXAMPLECODE</small>
</div>
<span class="text-success">-$5</span>
</li>
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between">
<span>Total (USD)</span>
<strong>$20</strong>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="card p-2">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Promo code">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-secondary">Redeem</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7 col-lg-8">
<h4 class="mb-3">Billing address</h4>
<form class="needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="row g-3">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<label for="firstName" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="firstName" placeholder="" value="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Valid first name is required.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<label for="lastName" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastName" placeholder="" value="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Valid last name is required.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="username" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="Username" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Your username is required.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="email" class="form-label">Email <span class="text-muted">(Optional)</span></label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" placeholder="you@example.com">
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter a valid email address for shipping updates.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="address" class="form-label">Address</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="address" placeholder="1234 Main St" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter your shipping address.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="address2" class="form-label">Address 2 <span class="text-muted">(Optional)</span></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="address2" placeholder="Apartment or suite">
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
<label for="country" class="form-label">Country</label>
<select class="form-select" id="country" required>
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<option>United States</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid country.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="state" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="state" required>
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<option>California</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="zip" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="zip" placeholder="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Zip code required.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="same-address">
<label class="form-check-label" for="same-address">Shipping address is the same as my billing address</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="save-info">
<label class="form-check-label" for="save-info">Save this information for next time</label>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<h4 class="mb-3">Payment</h4>
<div class="my-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input id="credit" name="paymentMethod" type="radio" class="form-check-input" checked required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="credit">Credit card</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input id="debit" name="paymentMethod" type="radio" class="form-check-input" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="debit">Debit card</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input id="paypal" name="paymentMethod" type="radio" class="form-check-input" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="paypal">PayPal</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row gy-3">
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="cc-name" class="form-label">Name on card</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="cc-name" placeholder="" required>
<small class="text-muted">Full name as displayed on card</small>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Name on card is required
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="cc-number" class="form-label">Credit card number</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="cc-number" placeholder="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Credit card number is required
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="cc-expiration" class="form-label">Expiration</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="cc-expiration" placeholder="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Expiration date required
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="cc-cvv" class="form-label">CVV</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="cc-cvv" placeholder="" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Security code required
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<button class="btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block" type="submit">Continue to checkout</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="my-5 pt-5 text-muted text-center text-small">
<p class="mb-1">&copy; 2017-{{< year >}} Company Name</p>
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="#">Privacy</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="#">Terms</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="#">Support</a></li>
</ul>
</footer>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
/*
* Globals
*/
/* Custom default button */
.btn-secondary,
.btn-secondary:hover,
.btn-secondary:focus {
color: #333;
text-shadow: none; /* Prevent inheritance from `body` */
}
/*
* Base structure
*/
body {
text-shadow: 0 .05rem .1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
box-shadow: inset 0 0 5rem rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
}
.cover-container {
max-width: 42em;
}
/*
* Header
*/
.nav-masthead .nav-link {
padding: .25rem 0;
font-weight: 700;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);
background-color: transparent;
border-bottom: .25rem solid transparent;
}
.nav-masthead .nav-link:hover,
.nav-masthead .nav-link:focus {
border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .25);
}
.nav-masthead .nav-link + .nav-link {
margin-left: 1rem;
}
.nav-masthead .active {
color: #fff;
border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Cover Template
extra_css:
- "cover.css"
html_class: "h-100"
body_class: "d-flex h-100 text-center text-white bg-dark"
include_js: false
---
<div class="cover-container d-flex w-100 h-100 p-3 mx-auto flex-column">
<header class="mb-auto">
<div>
<h3 class="float-md-left mb-0">Cover</h3>
<nav class="nav nav-masthead justify-content-center float-md-right">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Contact</a>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<main class="px-3">
<h1>Cover your page.</h1>
<p class="lead">Cover is a one-page template for building simple and beautiful home pages. Download, edit the text, and add your own fullscreen background photo to make it your own.</p>
<p class="lead">
<a href="#" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary font-weight-bold border-white bg-white">Learn more</a>
</p>
</main>
<footer class="mt-auto text-white-50">
<p>Cover template for <a href="https://getbootstrap.com/" class="text-white">Bootstrap</a>, by <a href="https://twitter.com/mdo" class="text-white">@mdo</a>.</p>
</footer>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
body {
font-size: .875rem;
}
.feather {
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
vertical-align: text-bottom;
}
/*
* Sidebar
*/
.sidebar {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 100; /* Behind the navbar */
padding: 48px 0 0; /* Height of navbar */
box-shadow: inset -1px 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
}
@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
.sidebar {
top: 5rem;
}
}
.sidebar-sticky {
position: relative;
top: 0;
height: calc(100vh - 48px);
padding-top: .5rem;
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto; /* Scrollable contents if viewport is shorter than content. */
}
.sidebar .nav-link {
font-weight: 500;
color: #333;
}
.sidebar .nav-link .feather {
margin-right: 4px;
color: #727272;
}
.sidebar .nav-link.active {
color: #007bff;
}
.sidebar .nav-link:hover .feather,
.sidebar .nav-link.active .feather {
color: inherit;
}
.sidebar-heading {
font-size: .75rem;
text-transform: uppercase;
}
/*
* Navbar
*/
.navbar-brand {
padding-top: .75rem;
padding-bottom: .75rem;
font-size: 1rem;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .25);
box-shadow: inset -1px 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .25);
}
.navbar .navbar-toggler {
top: .25rem;
right: 1rem;
}
.navbar .form-control {
padding: .75rem 1rem;
border-width: 0;
border-radius: 0;
}
.form-control-dark {
color: #fff;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);
border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);
}
.form-control-dark:focus {
border-color: transparent;
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(255, 255, 255, .25);
}
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
/* globals Chart:false, feather:false */
(function () {
'use strict'
feather.replace()
// Graphs
var ctx = document.getElementById('myChart')
// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
var myChart = new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'line',
data: {
labels: [
'Sunday',
'Monday',
'Tuesday',
'Wednesday',
'Thursday',
'Friday',
'Saturday'
],
datasets: [{
data: [
15339,
21345,
18483,
24003,
23489,
24092,
12034
],
lineTension: 0,
backgroundColor: 'transparent',
borderColor: '#007bff',
borderWidth: 4,
pointBackgroundColor: '#007bff'
}]
},
options: {
scales: {
yAxes: [{
ticks: {
beginAtZero: false
}
}]
},
legend: {
display: false
}
}
})
})()
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Dashboard Template
extra_css:
- "dashboard.css"
extra_js:
- src: "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/feather-icons/4.24.1/feather.min.js"
integrity: "sha384-EbSscX4STvYAC/DxHse8z5gEDaNiKAIGW+EpfzYTfQrgIlHywXXrM9SUIZ0BlyfF"
- src: "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/Chart.js/2.9.3/Chart.min.js"
integrity: "sha384-i+dHPTzZw7YVZOx9lbH5l6lP74sLRtMtwN2XjVqjf3uAGAREAF4LMIUDTWEVs4LI"
- src: "dashboard.js"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark sticky-top bg-dark flex-md-nowrap p-0 shadow">
<a class="navbar-brand col-md-3 col-lg-2 mr-0 px-3" href="#">Company name</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler position-absolute d-md-none collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#sidebarMenu" aria-controls="sidebarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<input class="form-control form-control-dark w-100" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<ul class="navbar-nav px-3">
<li class="nav-item text-nowrap">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Sign out</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<nav id="sidebarMenu" class="col-md-3 col-lg-2 d-md-block bg-light sidebar collapse">
<div class="position-sticky pt-3">
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">
<span data-feather="home"></span>
Dashboard
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="file"></span>
Orders
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="shopping-cart"></span>
Products
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="users"></span>
Customers
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="bar-chart-2"></span>
Reports
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="layers"></span>
Integrations
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h6 class="sidebar-heading d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center px-3 mt-4 mb-1 text-muted">
<span>Saved reports</span>
<a class="link-secondary" href="#" aria-label="Add a new report">
<span data-feather="plus-circle"></span>
</a>
</h6>
<ul class="nav flex-column mb-2">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="file-text"></span>
Current month
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="file-text"></span>
Last quarter
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="file-text"></span>
Social engagement
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
<span data-feather="file-text"></span>
Year-end sale
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<main class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 px-md-4">
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between flex-wrap flex-md-nowrap align-items-center pt-3 pb-2 mb-3 border-bottom">
<h1 class="h2">Dashboard</h1>
<div class="btn-toolbar mb-2 mb-md-0">
<div class="btn-group mr-2">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Share</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Export</button>
</div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle">
<span data-feather="calendar"></span>
This week
</button>
</div>
</div>
<canvas class="my-4 w-100" id="myChart" width="900" height="380"></canvas>
<h2>Section title</h2>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-striped table-sm">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1,001</td>
<td>Lorem</td>
<td>ipsum</td>
<td>dolor</td>
<td>sit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,002</td>
<td>amet</td>
<td>consectetur</td>
<td>adipiscing</td>
<td>elit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,003</td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>nec</td>
<td>odio</td>
<td>Praesent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,003</td>
<td>libero</td>
<td>Sed</td>
<td>cursus</td>
<td>ante</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,004</td>
<td>dapibus</td>
<td>diam</td>
<td>Sed</td>
<td>nisi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,005</td>
<td>Nulla</td>
<td>quis</td>
<td>sem</td>
<td>at</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,006</td>
<td>nibh</td>
<td>elementum</td>
<td>imperdiet</td>
<td>Duis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,007</td>
<td>sagittis</td>
<td>ipsum</td>
<td>Praesent</td>
<td>mauris</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,008</td>
<td>Fusce</td>
<td>nec</td>
<td>tellus</td>
<td>sed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,009</td>
<td>augue</td>
<td>semper</td>
<td>porta</td>
<td>Mauris</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,010</td>
<td>massa</td>
<td>Vestibulum</td>
<td>lacinia</td>
<td>arcu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,011</td>
<td>eget</td>
<td>nulla</td>
<td>Class</td>
<td>aptent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,012</td>
<td>taciti</td>
<td>sociosqu</td>
<td>ad</td>
<td>litora</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,013</td>
<td>torquent</td>
<td>per</td>
<td>conubia</td>
<td>nostra</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,014</td>
<td>per</td>
<td>inceptos</td>
<td>himenaeos</td>
<td>Curabitur</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1,015</td>
<td>sodales</td>
<td>ligula</td>
<td>in</td>
<td>libero</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
.form-signin {
width: 100%;
max-width: 420px;
padding: 15px;
margin: auto;
}
.form-label-group {
position: relative;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.form-label-group > input,
.form-label-group > label {
height: 3.125rem;
padding: .75rem;
}
.form-label-group > label {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
display: block;
width: 100%;
color: #495057;
pointer-events: none;
cursor: text; /* Match the input under the label */
border: 1px solid transparent;
border-radius: .25rem;
transition: all .1s ease-in-out;
}
.form-label-group input::-webkit-input-placeholder {
color: transparent;
}
.form-label-group input::-ms-input-placeholder {
color: transparent;
}
.form-label-group input::-moz-placeholder {
color: transparent;
}
.form-label-group input::placeholder {
color: transparent;
}
.form-label-group input:not(:placeholder-shown) {
padding-top: 1.25rem;
padding-bottom: .25rem;
}
.form-label-group input:not(:placeholder-shown) ~ label {
padding-top: .25rem;
padding-bottom: .25rem;
font-size: 12px;
color: #777;
}
/* Fallback for Edge
-------------------------------------------------- */
@supports (-ms-ime-align: auto) {
.form-label-group > label {
display: none;
}
.form-label-group input::-ms-input-placeholder {
color: #777;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Floating labels example
extra_css:
- "floating-labels.css"
include_js: false
---
<form class="form-signin">
<div class="text-center mb-4">
<img class="mb-4" src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">Floating labels</h1>
<p>Build form controls with floating labels via the <code>:placeholder-shown</code> pseudo-element. <a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-placeholder-shown">Works in latest Chrome, Safari, and Firefox.</a></p>
</div>
<div class="form-label-group">
<input type="email" id="inputEmail" class="form-control" placeholder="Email address" required autofocus>
<label for="inputEmail">Email address</label>
</div>
<div class="form-label-group">
<input type="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required>
<label for="inputPassword">Password</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted text-center">&copy; 2017-{{< year >}}</p>
</form>
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
.themed-grid-col {
padding-top: .75rem;
padding-bottom: .75rem;
background-color: rgba(86, 61, 124, .15);
border: 1px solid rgba(86, 61, 124, .2);
}
.themed-container {
padding: .75rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
background-color: rgba(0, 123, 255, .15);
border: 1px solid rgba(0, 123, 255, .2);
}
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Grid Template
extra_css:
- "grid.css"
body_class: "py-4"
include_js: false
---
<div class="container">
<h1>Bootstrap grid examples</h1>
<p class="lead">Basic grid layouts to get you familiar with building within the Bootstrap grid system.</p>
<p>In these examples the <code>.themed-grid-col</code> class is added to the columns to add some theming. This is not a class that is available in Bootstrap by default.</p>
<h2 class="mt-4">Five grid tiers</h2>
<p>There are five tiers to the Bootstrap grid system, one for each range of devices we support. Each tier starts at a minimum viewport size and automatically applies to the larger devices unless overridden.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-4 themed-grid-col">.col-4</div>
<div class="col-4 themed-grid-col">.col-4</div>
<div class="col-4 themed-grid-col">.col-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-sm-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-lg-4 themed-grid-col">.col-lg-4</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 themed-grid-col">.col-lg-4</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 themed-grid-col">.col-lg-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-xl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xl-4</div>
<div class="col-xl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xl-4</div>
<div class="col-xl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xl-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-xxl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xxl-4</div>
<div class="col-xxl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xxl-4</div>
<div class="col-xxl-4 themed-grid-col">.col-xxl-4</div>
</div>
<h2 class="mt-4">Three equal columns</h2>
<p>Get three equal-width columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>. On mobile devices, tablets and below, the columns will automatically stack.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<h2 class="mt-4">Three equal columns alternative</h2>
<p>By using the <code>.row-cols-*</code> classes, you can easily create a grid with equal columns.</p>
<div class="row row-cols-md-3 mb-3">
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> child of <code>.row-cols-md-3</code></div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> child of <code>.row-cols-md-3</code></div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> child of <code>.row-cols-md-3</code></div>
</div>
<h2 class="mt-4">Three unequal columns</h2>
<p>Get three columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong> of various widths. Remember, grid columns should add up to twelve for a single horizontal block. More than that, and columns start stacking no matter the viewport.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-3 themed-grid-col">.col-md-3</div>
<div class="col-md-6 themed-grid-col">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-3 themed-grid-col">.col-md-3</div>
</div>
<h2 class="mt-4">Two columns</h2>
<p>Get two columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-8 themed-grid-col">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<h2 class="mt-4">Full width, single column</h2>
<p class="text-warning">
No grid classes are necessary for full-width elements.
</p>
<hr class="my-4">
<h2 class="mt-4">Two columns with two nested columns</h2>
<p>Per the documentation, nesting is easy—just put a row of columns within an existing column. This gives you two columns <strong>starting at desktops and scaling to large desktops</strong>, with another two (equal widths) within the larger column.</p>
<p>At mobile device sizes, tablets and down, these columns and their nested columns will stack.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-8 themed-grid-col">
<div class="pb-3">
.col-md-8
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 themed-grid-col">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-6 themed-grid-col">.col-md-6</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<h2 class="mt-4">Mixed: mobile and desktop</h2>
<p>The Bootstrap v4 grid system has five tiers of classes: xs (extra small, this class infix is not used), sm (small), md (medium), lg (large), and xl (extra large). You can use nearly any combination of these classes to create more dynamic and flexible layouts.</p>
<p>Each tier of classes scales up, meaning if you plan on setting the same widths for md, lg and xl, you only need to specify md.</p>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-8 themed-grid-col">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-6 themed-grid-col">.col-6</div>
<div class="col-6 themed-grid-col">.col-6</div>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<h2 class="mt-4">Mixed: mobile, tablet, and desktop</h2>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-8 themed-grid-col">.col-sm-6 .col-lg-8</div>
<div class="col-6 col-lg-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-lg-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-sm-4 themed-grid-col">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>
<hr class="my-4">
<h2 class="mt-4">Gutters</h2>
<p>With <code>.gx-*</code> classes, the horizontal gutters can be adjusted.</p>
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 gx-4">
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gx-4</code> gutters</div>
</div>
<p class="mt-4">Use the <code>.gy-*</code> classes to control the vertical gutters.</p>
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 gy-4">
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.gy-4</code> gutters</div>
</div>
<p class="mt-4">With <code>.g-*</code> classes, the gutters in both directions can be adjusted.</p>
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-3">
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
<div class="col themed-grid-col"><code>.col</code> with <code>.g-3</code> gutters</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container" id="containers">
<hr class="my-4">
<h2 class="mt-4">Containers</h2>
<p>Additional classes added in Bootstrap v4.4 allow containers that are 100% wide until a particular breakpoint. v5 adds a new <code>xxl</code> breakpoint.</p>
</div>
<div class="container themed-container">.container</div>
<div class="container-sm themed-container">.container-sm</div>
<div class="container-md themed-container">.container-md</div>
<div class="container-lg themed-container">.container-lg</div>
<div class="container-xl themed-container">.container-xl</div>
<div class="container-xxl themed-container">.container-xxl</div>
<div class="container-fluid themed-container">.container-fluid</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Masonry example
extra_js:
- src: "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js"
integrity: "sha384-GNFwBvfVxBkLMJpYMOABq3c+d3KnQxudP/mGPkzpZSTYykLBNsZEnG2D9G/X/+7D"
async: true
---
<div class="container py-5">
<h1>Bootstrap and Masonry</h1>
<p class="lead">Integrate <a href="https://masonry.desandro.com/">Masonry</a> with the Bootstrap grid system and cards component.</p>
<p>Masonry is not included in Bootstrap. Add it by including the JavaScript plugin manually, or using a CDN like so:</p>
<pre><code>
&lt;script src=&quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js&quot; integrity=&quot;sha384-GNFwBvfVxBkLMJpYMOABq3c+d3KnQxudP/mGPkzpZSTYykLBNsZEnG2D9G/X/+7D&quot; crossorigin=&quot;anonymous&quot; async&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
</code></pre>
<p>By adding <code>data-masonry='{"percentPosition": true }'</code> to the <code>.row</code> wrapper, we can combine the powers of Bootstrap's responsive grid and Masonry's positioning.</p>
<hr class="my-5">
<div class="row" data-masonry='{"percentPosition": true }'>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="200" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title that wraps to a new line</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card p-3">
<blockquote class="blockquote mb-0 card-body">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">
<small class="text-muted">
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="200" class="card-img-top" text="Image cap" >}}
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card bg-primary text-white text-center p-3">
<blockquote class="blockquote mb-0">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer text-white">
<small>
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card text-center">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This card has a regular title and short paragraphy of text below it.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card">
{{< placeholder width="100%" height="260" class="card-img" text="Card image" >}}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card p-3 text-right">
<blockquote class="blockquote mb-0">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">
<small class="text-muted">
Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite>
</small>
</footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">This is another card with title and supporting text below. This card has some additional content to make it slightly taller overall.</p>
<p class="card-text"><small class="text-muted">Last updated 3 mins ago</small></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Bottom navbar example
---
<div class="container">
<div class="bg-light p-5 rounded mt-3">
<h1>Bottom Navbar example</h1>
<p class="lead">This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how the bottom navbar works.</p>
<a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="{{< docsref "/components/navbar" >}}" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="navbar fixed-bottom navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Bottom navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropup">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown10" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropup</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown10">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Fixed top navbar example
extra_css:
- "navbar-top-fixed.css"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark fixed-top bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<main class="container">
<div class="bg-light p-5 rounded">
<h1>Navbar example</h1>
<p class="lead">This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how fixed to top navbar works. As you scroll, it will remain fixed to the top of your browsers viewport.</p>
<a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="{{< docsref "/components/navbar" >}}" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</div>
</main>
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
/* Show it is fixed to the top */
body {
min-height: 75rem;
padding-top: 4.5rem;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Top navbar example
extra_css:
- "navbar-top.css"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark bg-dark mb-4">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Top navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<main class="container">
<div class="bg-light p-5 rounded">
<h1>Navbar example</h1>
<p class="lead">This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how the top-aligned navbar works. As you scroll, this navbar remains in its original position and moves with the rest of the page.</p>
<a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" href="{{< docsref "/components/navbar" >}}" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</div>
</main>
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
/* Show it's not fixed to the top */
body {
min-height: 75rem;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Navbar Template
extra_css:
- "navbar.css"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Never expand</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample01" aria-controls="navbarsExample01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample01">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Always expand</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample02" aria-controls="navbarsExample02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at sm</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample03" aria-controls="navbarsExample03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-sm-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown03" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown03">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at md</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample04" aria-controls="navbarsExample04" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample04">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown04" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown04">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at lg</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample05" aria-controls="navbarsExample05" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample05">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown05" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown05">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-xl navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at xl</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample06" aria-controls="navbarsExample06" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample06">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-xl-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown06" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown06">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-xxl navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Expand at xxl</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleXxl" aria-controls="navbarsExampleXxl" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleXxl">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-xl-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdownXxl" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownXxl">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Container</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample07" aria-controls="navbarsExample07" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample07">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown07" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown07">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-xl">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Container XL</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample07XL" aria-controls="navbarsExample07XL" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample07XL">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown07XL" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown07XL">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container-xl mb-4">
Matching .container-xl...
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample08" aria-controls="navbarsExample08" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-md-center" id="navbarsExample08">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Centered nav only</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown08" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown08">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light rounded">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample09" aria-controls="navbarsExample09" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExample09">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown09" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown09">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form>
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light rounded">
<div class="container-fluid">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExample10" aria-controls="navbarsExample10" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-md-center" id="navbarsExample10">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Centered nav only</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown10" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown10">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<main>
<div class="bg-light p-5 rounded">
<div class="col-sm-8 mx-auto">
<h1>Navbar examples</h1>
<p>This example is a quick exercise to illustrate how the navbar and its contents work. Some navbars extend the width of the viewport, others are confined within a <code>.container</code>. For positioning of navbars, checkout the <a href="{{< docsref "/examples/navbar-static" >}}">top</a> and <a href="{{< docsref "/examples/navbar-fixed" >}}">fixed top</a> examples.</p>
<p>At the smallest breakpoint, the collapse plugin is used to hide the links and show a menu button to toggle the collapsed content.</p>
<p>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{< docsref "/components/navbar" >}}" role="button">View navbar docs &raquo;</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
body {
padding-bottom: 20px;
}
.navbar {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Offcanvas template
extra_css:
- "offcanvas.css"
extra_js:
- src: "offcanvas.js"
body_class: "bg-light"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg fixed-top navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Offcanvas navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler p-0 border-0" type="button" data-toggle="offcanvas">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="navbar-collapse offcanvas-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Dashboard</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Notifications</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Profile</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Switch account</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Settings</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="nav-scroller bg-white shadow-sm">
<nav class="nav nav-underline">
<a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">Dashboard</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">
Friends
<span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill align-text-bottom">27</span>
</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Explore</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Suggestions</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</nav>
</div>
<main class="container">
<div class="d-flex align-items-center p-3 my-3 text-white-50 bg-purple rounded shadow-sm">
<img class="mr-3" src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-outline.svg" alt="" width="48" height="48">
<div class="lh-1">
<h6 class="mb-0 text-white lh-1">Bootstrap</h6>
<small>Since 2011</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="my-3 p-3 bg-white rounded shadow-sm">
<h6 class="border-bottom pb-2 mb-0">Recent updates</h6>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#007bff" color="#007bff" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<p class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom">
<strong class="d-block text-gray-dark">@username</strong>
Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.
</p>
</div>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#e83e8c" color="#e83e8c" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<p class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom">
<strong class="d-block text-gray-dark">@username</strong>
Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.
</p>
</div>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#6f42c1" color="#6f42c1" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<p class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom">
<strong class="d-block text-gray-dark">@username</strong>
Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.
</p>
</div>
<small class="d-block text-right mt-3">
<a href="#">All updates</a>
</small>
</div>
<div class="my-3 p-3 bg-white rounded shadow-sm">
<h6 class="border-bottom pb-2 mb-0">Suggestions</h6>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#007bff" color="#007bff" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<div class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom w-100">
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
<strong class="text-gray-dark">Full Name</strong>
<a href="#">Follow</a>
</div>
<span class="d-block">@username</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#007bff" color="#007bff" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<div class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom w-100">
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
<strong class="text-gray-dark">Full Name</strong>
<a href="#">Follow</a>
</div>
<span class="d-block">@username</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-flex text-muted pt-3">
{{< placeholder width="32" height="32" background="#007bff" color="#007bff" class="flex-shrink-0 mr-2 rounded" >}}
<div class="pb-3 mb-0 small lh-sm border-bottom w-100">
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
<strong class="text-gray-dark">Full Name</strong>
<a href="#">Follow</a>
</div>
<span class="d-block">@username</span>
</div>
</div>
<small class="d-block text-right mt-3">
<a href="#">All suggestions</a>
</small>
</div>
</main>
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
html,
body {
overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent scroll on narrow devices */
}
body {
padding-top: 56px;
}
@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
.offcanvas-collapse {
position: fixed;
top: 56px; /* Height of navbar */
bottom: 0;
left: 100%;
width: 100%;
padding-right: 1rem;
padding-left: 1rem;
overflow-y: auto;
visibility: hidden;
background-color: #343a40;
transition: transform .3s ease-in-out, visibility .3s ease-in-out;
}
.offcanvas-collapse.open {
visibility: visible;
transform: translateX(-100%);
}
}
.nav-scroller {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
height: 2.75rem;
overflow-y: hidden;
}
.nav-scroller .nav {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
padding-bottom: 1rem;
margin-top: -1px;
overflow-x: auto;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .75);
text-align: center;
white-space: nowrap;
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.nav-underline .nav-link {
padding-top: .75rem;
padding-bottom: .75rem;
font-size: .875rem;
color: #6c757d;
}
.nav-underline .nav-link:hover {
color: #007bff;
}
.nav-underline .active {
font-weight: 500;
color: #343a40;
}
.text-white-50 { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5); }
.bg-purple { background-color: #6f42c1; }
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
(function () {
'use strict'
document.querySelector('[data-toggle="offcanvas"]').addEventListener('click', function () {
document.querySelector('.offcanvas-collapse').classList.toggle('open')
})
})()
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Pricing example
extra_css:
- "pricing.css"
include_js: false
---
<div class="d-flex flex-column flex-md-row align-items-center p-3 px-md-4 mb-3 bg-white border-bottom shadow-sm">
<h5 class="my-0 mr-md-auto font-weight-normal">Company name</h5>
<nav class="my-2 my-md-0 mr-md-3">
<a class="p-2 text-dark" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="p-2 text-dark" href="#">Enterprise</a>
<a class="p-2 text-dark" href="#">Support</a>
<a class="p-2 text-dark" href="#">Pricing</a>
</nav>
<a class="btn btn-outline-primary" href="#">Sign up</a>
</div>
<div class="pricing-header px-3 py-3 pt-md-5 pb-md-4 mx-auto text-center">
<h1 class="display-4">Pricing</h1>
<p class="lead">Quickly build an effective pricing table for your potential customers with this Bootstrap example. Its built with default Bootstrap components and utilities with little customization.</p>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="card-deck mb-3 text-center">
<div class="card mb-4 shadow-sm">
<div class="card-header">
<h4 class="my-0 font-weight-normal">Free</h4>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h1 class="card-title pricing-card-title">$0 <small class="text-muted">/ mo</small></h1>
<ul class="list-unstyled mt-3 mb-4">
<li>10 users included</li>
<li>2 GB of storage</li>
<li>Email support</li>
<li>Help center access</li>
</ul>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-block btn-outline-primary">Sign up for free</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card mb-4 shadow-sm">
<div class="card-header">
<h4 class="my-0 font-weight-normal">Pro</h4>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h1 class="card-title pricing-card-title">$15 <small class="text-muted">/ mo</small></h1>
<ul class="list-unstyled mt-3 mb-4">
<li>20 users included</li>
<li>10 GB of storage</li>
<li>Priority email support</li>
<li>Help center access</li>
</ul>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-block btn-primary">Get started</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card mb-4 shadow-sm">
<div class="card-header">
<h4 class="my-0 font-weight-normal">Enterprise</h4>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h1 class="card-title pricing-card-title">$29 <small class="text-muted">/ mo</small></h1>
<ul class="list-unstyled mt-3 mb-4">
<li>30 users included</li>
<li>15 GB of storage</li>
<li>Phone and email support</li>
<li>Help center access</li>
</ul>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-block btn-primary">Contact us</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="pt-4 my-md-5 pt-md-5 border-top">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-md">
<img class="mb-2" src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="24" height="24">
<small class="d-block mb-3 text-muted">&copy; 2017-{{< year >}}</small>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>Features</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Cool stuff</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Random feature</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Team feature</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Stuff for developers</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Another one</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Last time</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>Resources</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Resource</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Resource name</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Another resource</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Final resource</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>About</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Team</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Locations</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Privacy</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Terms</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
html {
font-size: 14px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
html {
font-size: 16px;
}
}
.container {
max-width: 960px;
}
.pricing-header {
max-width: 700px;
}
.card-deck .card {
min-width: 220px;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Product example
extra_css:
- "product.css"
---
<nav class="site-header sticky-top py-1">
<div class="container d-flex flex-column flex-md-row justify-content-between">
<a class="py-2" href="#" aria-label="Product">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="d-block mx-auto" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><title>Product</title><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><path d="M14.31 8l5.74 9.94M9.69 8h11.48M7.38 12l5.74-9.94M9.69 16L3.95 6.06M14.31 16H2.83m13.79-4l-5.74 9.94"/></svg>
</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Tour</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Product</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Enterprise</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Support</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Pricing</a>
<a class="py-2 d-none d-md-inline-block" href="#">Cart</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="position-relative overflow-hidden p-3 p-md-5 m-md-3 text-center bg-light">
<div class="col-md-5 p-lg-5 mx-auto my-5">
<h1 class="display-4 font-weight-normal">Punny headline</h1>
<p class="lead font-weight-normal">And an even wittier subheading to boot. Jumpstart your marketing efforts with this example based on Apples marketing pages.</p>
<a class="btn btn-outline-secondary" href="#">Coming soon</a>
</div>
<div class="product-device shadow-sm d-none d-md-block"></div>
<div class="product-device product-device-2 shadow-sm d-none d-md-block"></div>
</div>
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-equal w-100 my-md-3 pl-md-3">
<div class="bg-dark mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center text-white overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 py-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-light shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 p-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-dark shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-equal w-100 my-md-3 pl-md-3">
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 p-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-dark shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
<div class="bg-primary mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center text-white overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 py-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-light shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-equal w-100 my-md-3 pl-md-3">
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 p-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-white shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 py-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-white shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-equal w-100 my-md-3 pl-md-3">
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 p-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-white shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
<div class="bg-light mr-md-3 pt-3 px-3 pt-md-5 px-md-5 text-center overflow-hidden">
<div class="my-3 py-3">
<h2 class="display-5">Another headline</h2>
<p class="lead">And an even wittier subheading.</p>
</div>
<div class="bg-white shadow-sm mx-auto" style="width: 80%; height: 300px; border-radius: 21px 21px 0 0;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="container py-5">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-md">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="d-block mb-2" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><title>Product</title><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><path d="M14.31 8l5.74 9.94M9.69 8h11.48M7.38 12l5.74-9.94M9.69 16L3.95 6.06M14.31 16H2.83m13.79-4l-5.74 9.94"/></svg>
<small class="d-block mb-3 text-muted">&copy; 2017-{{< year >}}</small>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>Features</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Cool stuff</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Random feature</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Team feature</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Stuff for developers</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Another one</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Last time</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>Resources</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Resource name</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Resource</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Another resource</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Final resource</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>Resources</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Business</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Education</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Government</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Gaming</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md">
<h5>About</h5>
<ul class="list-unstyled text-small">
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Team</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Locations</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Privacy</a></li>
<li><a class="link-secondary" href="#">Terms</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
.container {
max-width: 960px;
}
/*
* Custom translucent site header
*/
.site-header {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .85);
-webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
}
.site-header a {
color: #727272;
transition: color .15s ease-in-out;
}
.site-header a:hover {
color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;
}
/*
* Dummy devices (replace them with your own or something else entirely!)
*/
.product-device {
position: absolute;
right: 10%;
bottom: -30%;
width: 300px;
height: 540px;
background-color: #333;
border-radius: 21px;
transform: rotate(30deg);
}
.product-device::before {
position: absolute;
top: 10%;
right: 10px;
bottom: 10%;
left: 10px;
content: "";
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);
border-radius: 5px;
}
.product-device-2 {
top: -25%;
right: auto;
bottom: 0;
left: 5%;
background-color: #e5e5e5;
}
/*
* Extra utilities
*/
.flex-equal > * {
flex: 1;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.flex-md-equal > * {
flex: 1;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Signin Template
extra_css:
- "signin.css"
body_class: "text-center"
include_js: false
---
<form class="form-signin">
<img class="mb-4" src="/docs/{{< param docs_version >}}/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">Please sign in</h1>
<label for="inputEmail" class="sr-only">Email address</label>
<input type="email" id="inputEmail" class="form-control" placeholder="Email address" required autofocus>
<label for="inputPassword" class="sr-only">Password</label>
<input type="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required>
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">&copy; 2017-{{< year >}}</p>
</form>
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
.form-signin {
width: 100%;
max-width: 330px;
padding: 15px;
margin: auto;
}
.form-signin .checkbox {
font-weight: 400;
}
.form-signin .form-control {
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box;
height: auto;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.form-signin .form-control:focus {
z-index: 2;
}
.form-signin input[type="email"] {
margin-bottom: -1px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.form-signin input[type="password"] {
margin-bottom: 10px;
border-top-left-radius: 0;
border-top-right-radius: 0;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Starter Template
extra_css:
- "starter-template.css"
---
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark bg-dark fixed-top">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarsExampleDefault" aria-controls="navbarsExampleDefault" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarsExampleDefault">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="dropdown01" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown01">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<main class="container">
<div class="starter-template text-center py-5 px-3">
<h1>Bootstrap starter template</h1>
<p class="lead">Use this document as a way to quickly start any new project.<br> All you get is this text and a mostly barebones HTML document.</p>
</div>
</main><!-- /.container -->
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
body {
padding-top: 5rem;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Sticky Footer Navbar Template
extra_css:
- "sticky-footer-navbar.css"
html_class: "h-100"
body_class: "d-flex flex-column h-100"
---
<header>
<!-- Fixed navbar -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark fixed-top bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarCollapse">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mb-2 mb-md-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" aria-current="page" href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<!-- Begin page content -->
<main class="flex-shrink-0">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="mt-5">Sticky footer with fixed navbar</h1>
<p class="lead">Pin a footer to the bottom of the viewport in desktop browsers with this custom HTML and CSS. A fixed navbar has been added with <code class="small">padding-top: 60px;</code> on the <code class="small">main &gt; .container</code>.</p>
<p>Back to <a href="{{< docsref "/examples/sticky-footer" >}}">the default sticky footer</a> minus the navbar.</p>
</div>
</main>
<footer class="footer mt-auto py-3 bg-light">
<div class="container">
<span class="text-muted">Place sticky footer content here.</span>
</div>
</footer>
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
/* Custom page CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Not required for template or sticky footer method. */
main > .container {
padding: 60px 15px 0;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
---
layout: examples
title: Sticky Footer Template
extra_css:
- "sticky-footer.css"
html_class: "h-100"
body_class: "d-flex flex-column h-100"
include_js: false
---
<!-- Begin page content -->
<main class="flex-shrink-0">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="mt-5">Sticky footer</h1>
<p class="lead">Pin a footer to the bottom of the viewport in desktop browsers with this custom HTML and CSS.</p>
<p>Use <a href="{{< docsref "/examples/sticky-footer-navbar" >}}">the sticky footer with a fixed navbar</a> if need be, too.</p>
</div>
</main>
<footer class="footer mt-auto py-3 bg-light">
<div class="container">
<span class="text-muted">Place sticky footer content here.</span>
</div>
</footer>
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
/* Custom page CSS
-------------------------------------------------- */
/* Not required for template or sticky footer method. */
.container {
width: auto;
max-width: 680px;
padding: 0 15px;
}
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---
layout: docs
title: Approach
description: Learn about the guiding principles, strategies, and techniques used to build and maintain Bootstrap so you can more easily customize and extend it yourself.
group: extend
aliases:
- "/docs/5.0/extend/"
---
While the getting started pages provide an introductory tour of the project and what it offers, this document focuses on _why_ we do the things we do in Bootstrap. It explains our philosophy to building on the web so that others can learn from us, contribute with us, and help us improve.
See something that doesn't sound right, or perhaps could be done better? [Open an issue]({{< param repo >}}/issues/new)—we'd love to discuss it with you.
## Summary
We'll dive into each of these more throughout, but at a high level, here's what guides our approach.
- Components should be responsive and mobile-first
- Components should be built with a base class and extended via modifier classes
- Component states should obey a common z-index scale
- Whenever possible, prefer a HTML and CSS implementation over JavaScript
- Whenever possible, use utilities over custom styles
- Whenever possible, avoid enforcing strict HTML requirements (children selectors)
## Responsive
Bootstrap's responsive styles are built to be responsive, an approach that's often referred to as _mobile-first_. We use this term in our docs and largely agree with it, but at times it can be too broad. While not every component _must_ be entirely responsive in Bootstrap, this responsive approach is about reducing CSS overrides by pushing you to add styles as the viewport becomes larger.
Across Bootstrap, you'll see this most clearly in our media queries. In most cases, we use `min-width` queries that begin to apply at a specific breakpoint and carry up through the higher breakpoints. For example, a `.d-none` applies from `min-width: 0` to infinity. On the other hand, a `.d-md-none` applies from the medium breakpoint and up.
At times we'll use `max-width` when a component's inherent complexity requires it. At times, these overrides are functionally and mentally clearer to implement and support than rewriting core functionality from our components. We strive to limit this approach, but will use it from time to time.
## Classes
Aside from our Reboot, a cross-browser normalization stylesheet, all our styles aim to use classes as selectors. This means steering clear of type selectors (e.g., `input[type="text"]`) and extraneous parent classes (e.g., `.parent .child`) that make styles too specific to easily override.
As such, components should be built with a base class that houses common, not-to-be overridden property-value pairs. For example, `.btn` and `.btn-primary`. We use `.btn` for all the common styles like `display`, `padding`, and `border-width`. We then use modifiers like `.btn-primary` to add the color, background-color, border-color, etc.
Modifier classes should only be used when there are multiple properties or values to be changed across multiple variants. Modifiers are not always necessary, so be sure you're actually saving lines of code and preventing unnecessary overrides when creating them. Good examples of modifiers are our theme color classes and size variants.
## z-index scales
There are two `z-index` scales in Bootstrap—elements within a component and overlay components.
### Component elements
- Some components in Bootstrap are built with overlapping elements to prevent double borders without modifying the `border` property. For example, button groups, input groups, and pagination.
- These components share a standard `z-index` scale of `0` through `3`.
- `0` is default (initial), `1` is `:hover`, `2` is `:active`/`.active`, and `3` is `:focus`.
- This approach matches our expectations of highest user priority. If an element is focused, it's in view and at the user's attention. Active elements are second highest because they indicate state. Hover is third highest because it indicates user intent, but nearly _anything_ can be hovered.
### Overlay components
Bootstrap includes several components that function as an overlay of some kind. This includes, in order of highest `z-index`, dropdowns, fixed and sticky navbars, modals, tooltips, and popovers. These components have their own `z-index` scale that begins at `1000`. This starting number was chosen arbitrarily and serves as a small buffer between our styles and your project's custom styles.
Each overlay component increases its `z-index` value slightly in such a way that common UI principles allow user focused or hovered elements to remain in view at all times. For example, a modal is document blocking (e.g., you cannot take any other action save for the modal's action), so we put that above our navbars.
Learn more about this in our [`z-index` layout page]({{< docsref "/layout/z-index" >}}).
## HTML and CSS over JS
Whenever possible, we prefer to write HTML and CSS over JavaScript. In general, HTML and CSS are more prolific and accessible to more people of all different experience levels. HTML and CSS are also faster in your browser than JavaScript, and your browser generally provides a great deal of functionality for you.
This principle is our first-class JavaScript API using `data` attributes. You don't need to write nearly any JavaScript to use our JavaScript plugins; instead, write HTML. Read more about this in [our JavaScript overview page]({{< docsref "/getting-started/javascript#data-attributes" >}}).
Lastly, our styles build on the fundamental behaviors of common web elements. Whenever possible, we prefer to use what the browser provides. For example, you can put a `.btn` class on nearly any element, but most elements don't provide any semantic value or browser functionality. So instead, we use `<button>`s and `<a>`s.
The same goes for more complex components. While we *could* write our own form validation plugin to add classes to a parent element based on an input's state, thereby allowing us to style the text say red, we prefer using the `:valid`/`:invalid` pseudo-elements every browser provides us.
## Utilities
Utility classes—formerly helpers in Bootstrap 3—are a powerful ally in combatting CSS bloat and poor page performance. A utility class is typically a single, immutable property-value pairing expressed as a class (e.g., `.d-block` represents `display: block;`). Their primary appeal is speed of use while writing HTML and limiting the amount of custom CSS you have to write.
Specifically regarding custom CSS, utilities can help combat increasing file size by reducing your most commonly repeated property-value pairs into single classes. This can have a dramatic effect at scale in your projects.
## Flexible HTML
While not always possible, we strive to avoid being overly dogmatic in our HTML requirements for components. Thus, we focus on single classes in our CSS selectors and try to avoid immediate children selectors (`>`). This gives you more flexibility in your implementation and helps keep our CSS simpler and less specific.
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---
layout: docs
title: Icons
description: Guidance and suggestions for using external icon libraries with Bootstrap.
group: extend
---
While Bootstrap doesn't include an icon set by default, we do have our own comprehensive icon library called Bootstrap Icons. Feel free to use them or any other icon set in your project. We've included details for Bootstrap Icons and other preferred icon sets below.
While most icon sets include multiple file formats, we prefer SVG implementations for their improved accessibility and vector support.
## Bootstrap Icons
Bootstrap Icons is a growing library of SVG icons that are designed by [@mdo](https://github.com/mdo) and maintained by [the Bootstrap Team](https://github.com/orgs/twbs/people). The beginnings of this icon set come from Bootstrap's very own components—our forms, carousels, and more. Bootstrap has very few icon needs out of the box, so we didn't need much. However, once we got going, we couldn't stop making more.
Oh, and did we mention they're completely open source? Licensed under MIT, just like Bootstrap, our icon set is available to everyone.
[Learn more about Bootstrap Icons](https://icons.getbootstrap.com/), including how to install them and recommended usage.
## Alternatives
We've tested and used these icon sets ourselves as preferred alternatives to Bootstrap Icons.
{{< markdown >}}
{{< icons.inline >}}
{{- $type := .Get "type" | default "preferred" -}}
{{- range (index .Site.Data.icons $type) }}
- [{{ .name }}]({{ .website }})
{{- end }}
{{< /icons.inline >}}
{{< /markdown >}}
## More options
While we haven't tried these out ourselves, they do look promising and provide multiple formats, including SVG.
{{< markdown >}}
{{< icons.inline type="more" />}}
{{< /markdown >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Checks
description: Create consistent cross-browser and cross-device checkboxes and radios with our completely rewritten checks component.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Approach
Browser default checkboxes and radios are replaced with the help of `.form-check`, a series of classes for both input types that improves the layout and behavior of their HTML elements, that provide greater customization and cross browser consistency. Checkboxes are for selecting one or several options in a list, while radios are for selecting one option from many.
Structurally, our `<input>`s and `<label>`s are sibling elements as opposed to an `<input>` within a `<label>`. This is slightly more verbose as you must specify `id` and `for` attributes to relate the `<input>` and `<label>`. We use the sibling selector (`~`) for all our `<input>` states, like `:checked` or `:disabled`. When combined with the `.form-check-label` class, we can easily style the text for each item based on the `<input>`'s state.
Our checks use custom Bootstrap icons to indicate checked or indeterminate states.
## Checks
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="flexCheckDefault">
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexCheckDefault">
Default checkbox
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="flexCheckChecked" checked>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexCheckChecked">
Checked checkbox
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Indeterminate
Checkboxes can utilize the `:indeterminate` pseudo class when manually set via JavaScript (there is no available HTML attribute for specifying it).
{{< example class="bd-example-indeterminate">}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="flexCheckIndeterminate">
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexCheckIndeterminate">
Indeterminate checkbox
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Disabled
Add the `disabled` attribute and the associated `<label>`s are automatically styled to match with a lighter color to help indicate the input's state.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="flexCheckDisabled" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexCheckDisabled">
Disabled checkbox
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="flexCheckCheckedDisabled" checked disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexCheckCheckedDisabled">
Disabled checked checkbox
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Radios
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="flexRadioDefault" id="flexRadioDefault1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexRadioDefault1">
Default radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="flexRadioDefault" id="flexRadioDefault2" checked>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexRadioDefault2">
Default checked radio
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Disabled
Add the `disabled` attribute and the associated `<label>`s are automatically styled to match with a lighter color to help indicate the input's state.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="flexRadioDisabled" id="flexRadioDisabled" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexRadioDisabled">
Disabled radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="flexRadioDisabled" id="flexRadioCheckedDisabled" checked disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexRadioCheckedDisabled">
Disabled checked radio
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Switches
A switch has the markup of a custom checkbox but uses the `.form-switch` class to render a toggle switch. Switches also support the `disabled` attribute.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check form-switch">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="flexSwitchCheckDefault">
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexSwitchCheckDefault">Default switch checkbox input</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-switch">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="flexSwitchCheckChecked" checked>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexSwitchCheckChecked">Checked switch checkbox input</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-switch">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="flexSwitchCheckDisabled" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexSwitchCheckDisabled">Disabled switch checkbox input</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-switch">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="flexSwitchCheckCheckedDisabled" checked disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="flexSwitchCheckCheckedDisabled">Disabled checked switch checkbox input</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Default (stacked)
By default, any number of checkboxes and radios that are immediate sibling will be vertically stacked and appropriately spaced with `.form-check`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="defaultCheck1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="defaultCheck1">
Default checkbox
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="defaultCheck2" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="defaultCheck2">
Disabled checkbox
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="exampleRadios" id="exampleRadios1" value="option1" checked>
<label class="form-check-label" for="exampleRadios1">
Default radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="exampleRadios" id="exampleRadios2" value="option2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="exampleRadios2">
Second default radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="exampleRadios" id="exampleRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="exampleRadios3">
Disabled radio
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Inline
Group checkboxes or radios on the same horizontal row by adding `.form-check-inline` to any `.form-check`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox1" value="option1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineCheckbox1">1</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox2" value="option2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineCheckbox2">2</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox3" value="option3" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineCheckbox3">3 (disabled)</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="inlineRadioOptions" id="inlineRadio1" value="option1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineRadio1">1</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="inlineRadioOptions" id="inlineRadio2" value="option2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineRadio2">2</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="inlineRadioOptions" id="inlineRadio3" value="option3" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineRadio3">3 (disabled)</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Without labels
Omit the wrapping `.form-check` for checkboxes and radios that have no label text. Remember to still provide some form of label for assistive technologies (for instance, using `aria-label`).
{{< example >}}
<div>
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="checkboxNoLabel" value="" aria-label="...">
</div>
<div>
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radioNoLabel" id="radioNoLabel1" value="" aria-label="...">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: File browser
description: Use our custom file inputs for consistent cross-browser styling, built-in customization, and lightweight JavaScript.
group: forms
toc: true
---
{{< callout info >}}
The recommended plugin to animate custom file inputs is [bs-custom-file-input](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bs-custom-file-input); it's what we use here in our docs.
{{< /callout >}}
## Default
The file input is the most gnarly of the bunch and requires additional JavaScript if you'd like to hook them up with functional *Choose file...* and selected file name text.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="customFile">
<label class="form-file-label" for="customFile">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Add the `disabled` attribute to the `<input>` and the custom markup will be updated to appear disabled.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="customFileDisabled" disabled>
<label class="form-file-label" for="customFileDisabled">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Longer placeholder text is truncated and an ellipsis is added when there's not enough space.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="customFileLong">
<label class="form-file-label" for="customFileLong">
<span class="form-file-text">Lorem ipsum posuere consectetur est at lobortis nulla vitae elit libero a pharetra augue fusce dapibus tellus ac cursus commodo tortor mauris condimentum nibh ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
We hide the default file `<input>` via `opacity` and instead style the `<label>`, and declare a `width` and `height` on the `<input>` for proper spacing for surrounding content.
## Sizing
You may also choose from small and large file inputs to match our similarly sized text inputs.
{{< example >}}
<div class="form-file form-file-lg mb-3">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="customFileLg">
<label class="form-file-label" for="customFileLg">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-file form-file-sm">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="customFileSm">
<label class="form-file-label" for="customFileSm">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Form controls
description: Give textual form controls like `<input>`s and `<textarea>`s an upgrade with custom styles, sizing, focus states, and more.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Example
{{< example >}}
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleFormControlInput1" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleFormControlInput1" placeholder="name@example.com">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleFormControlTextarea1" class="form-label">Example textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="exampleFormControlTextarea1" rows="3"></textarea>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
Set heights using classes like `.form-control-lg` and `.form-control-sm`.
{{< example >}}
<input class="form-control form-control-lg" type="text" placeholder=".form-control-lg" aria-label=".form-control-lg example">
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Default input" aria-label="deafult input example">
<input class="form-control form-control-sm" type="text" placeholder=".form-control-sm" aria-label=".form-control-sm example">
{{< /example >}}
## Readonly
Add the `readonly` boolean attribute on an input to prevent modification of the input's value. Read-only inputs appear lighter (just like disabled inputs), but retain the standard cursor.
{{< example >}}
<input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="Readonly input here..." aria-label="readonly input example" readonly>
{{< /example >}}
## Readonly plain text
If you want to have `<input readonly>` elements in your form styled as plain text, use the `.form-control-plaintext` class to remove the default form field styling and preserve the correct margin and padding.
{{< example >}}
<div class="mb-3 row">
<label for="staticEmail" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="staticEmail" value="email@example.com">
</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3 row">
<label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Password</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-auto">
<label for="staticEmail2" class="sr-only">Email</label>
<input type="text" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="staticEmail2" value="email@example.com">
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<label for="inputPassword2" class="sr-only">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword2" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary mb-3">Confirm identity</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Color
{{< example >}}
<label for="exampleColorInput" class="form-label">Color picker</label>
<input type="color" class="form-control form-control-color" id="exampleColorInput" value="#563d7c" title="Choose your color">
{{< /example >}}
## Datalists
Datalists allow you to create a group of `<option>`s that can be accessed (and autocompleted) from within an `<input>`. These are similar to `<select>` elements, but come with more menu styling limitations and differences. While most browsers and operating systems include some support for `<datalist>` elements, their styling is inconsistent at best.
Learn more about [support for datalist elements](https://caniuse.com/#feat=datalist).
{{< example >}}
<label for="exampleDataList" class="form-label">Datalist example</label>
<input class="form-control" list="datalistOptions" id="exampleDataList" placeholder="Type to search...">
<datalist id="datalistOptions">
<option value="San Francisco">
<option value="New York">
<option value="Seattle">
<option value="Los Angeles">
<option value="Chicago">
</datalist>
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Input group
description: Easily extend form controls by adding text, buttons, or button groups on either side of textual inputs, custom selects, and custom file inputs.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Basic example
Place one add-on or button on either side of an input. You may also place one on both sides of an input. Remember to place `<label>`s outside the input group.
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Recipient's username" aria-label="Recipient's username" aria-describedby="basic-addon2">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon2">@example.com</span>
</div>
<label for="basic-url" class="form-label">Your vanity URL</label>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon3">https://example.com/users/</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="basic-url" aria-describedby="basic-addon3">
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text">$</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Amount (to the nearest dollar)">
<span class="input-group-text">.00</span>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text">With textarea</span>
<textarea class="form-control" aria-label="With textarea"></textarea>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Wrapping
Input groups wrap by default via `flex-wrap: wrap` in order to accommodate custom form field validation within an input group. You may disable this with `.flex-nowrap`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group flex-nowrap">
<span class="input-group-text" id="addon-wrapping">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="addon-wrapping">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
Add the relative form sizing classes to the `.input-group` itself and contents within will automatically resize—no need for repeating the form control size classes on each element.
**Sizing on the individual input group elements isn't supported.**
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group input-group-sm mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroup-sizing-sm">Small</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Sizing example input" aria-describedby="inputGroup-sizing-sm">
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroup-sizing-default">Default</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Sizing example input" aria-describedby="inputGroup-sizing-default">
</div>
<div class="input-group input-group-lg">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroup-sizing-lg">Large</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Sizing example input" aria-describedby="inputGroup-sizing-lg">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Checkboxes and radios
Place any checkbox or radio option within an input group's addon instead of text.
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<div class="input-group-text">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input">
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with checkbox">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" value="" aria-label="Radio button for following text input">
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with radio button">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Multiple inputs
While multiple `<input>`s are supported visually, validation styles are only available for input groups with a single `<input>`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text">First and last name</span>
<input type="text" aria-label="First name" class="form-control">
<input type="text" aria-label="Last name" class="form-control">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Multiple addons
Multiple add-ons are supported and can be mixed with checkbox and radio input versions.
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text">$</span>
<span class="input-group-text">0.00</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Dollar amount (with dot and two decimal places)">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Dollar amount (with dot and two decimal places)">
<span class="input-group-text">$</span>
<span class="input-group-text">0.00</span>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Button addons
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button" id="button-addon1">Button</button>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="" aria-label="Example text with button addon" aria-describedby="button-addon1">
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Recipient's username" aria-label="Recipient's username" aria-describedby="button-addon2">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button" id="button-addon2">Button</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="" aria-label="Example text with two button addons">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Recipient's username" aria-label="Recipient's username with two button addons">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Buttons with dropdowns
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with dropdown button">
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with dropdown button">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action before</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action before</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with 2 dropdown buttons">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Segmented buttons
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with segmented dropdown button">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Text input with segmented dropdown button">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Action</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Custom forms
Input groups include support for custom selects and custom file inputs. Browser default versions of these are not supported.
### Custom select
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<label class="input-group-text" for="inputGroupSelect01">Options</label>
<select class="form-select" id="inputGroupSelect01">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<select class="form-select" id="inputGroupSelect02">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<label class="input-group-text" for="inputGroupSelect02">Options</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
<select class="form-select" id="inputGroupSelect03" aria-label="Example select with button addon">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<select class="form-select" id="inputGroupSelect04" aria-label="Example select with button addon">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
### Custom file input
{{< example >}}
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupFileAddon01">Upload</span>
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="inputGroupFile01" aria-describedby="inputGroupFileAddon01">
<label class="form-file-label" for="inputGroupFile01">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="inputGroupFile02">
<label class="form-file-label" for="inputGroupFile02" aria-describedby="inputGroupFileAddon02">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupFileAddon02">Upload</span>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button" id="inputGroupFileAddon03">Button</button>
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="inputGroupFile03" aria-describedby="inputGroupFileAddon03">
<label class="form-file-label" for="inputGroupFile03">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="form-file">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="inputGroupFile04" aria-describedby="inputGroupFileAddon04">
<label class="form-file-label" for="inputGroupFile04">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button" id="inputGroupFileAddon04">Button</button>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Accessibility
Screen readers will have trouble with your forms if you don't include a label for every input. For these input groups, ensure that any additional label or functionality is conveyed to assistive technologies.
The exact technique to be used (`<label>` elements hidden using the `.sr-only` class, or use of the `aria-label` and `aria-labelledby` attributes, possibly in combination with `aria-describedby`) and what additional information will need to be conveyed will vary depending on the exact type of interface widget you're implementing. The examples in this section provide a few suggested, case-specific approaches.
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---
layout: docs
title: Layout
description: Give your forms some structure—from inline to horizontal to custom grid implementations—with our form layout options.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Forms
Every group of form fields should reside in a `<form>` element. Bootstrap provides no default styling for the `<form>` element, but there are some powerful browser features that are provided by default.
- New to browser forms? Consider reviewing [the MDN form docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/form) for an overview and complete list of available attributes.
- `<button>`s within a `<form>` default to `type="submit"`, so strive to be specific and always include a `type`.
- You can disable every form element within a form with the `disabled` attribute on the `<form>`.
Since Bootstrap applies `display: block` and `width: 100%` to almost all our form controls, forms will by default stack vertically. Additional classes can be used to vary this layout on a per-form basis.
## Utilities
[Margin utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/spacing" >}}) are the easiest way to add some structure to forms. They provide basic grouping of labels, controls, optional form text, and form validation messaging. We recommend sticking to `margin-bottom` utilities, and using a single direction throughout the form for consistency.
Feel free to build your forms however you like, with `<fieldset>`s, `<div>`s, or nearly any other element.
{{< example >}}
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="formGroupExampleInput" class="form-label">Example label</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput" placeholder="Example input placeholder">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="formGroupExampleInput2" class="form-label">Another label</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput2" placeholder="Another input placeholder">
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Form grid
More complex forms can be built using our grid classes. Use these for form layouts that require multiple columns, varied widths, and additional alignment options. **Requires the `$enable-grid-classes` Sass variable to be enabled** (on by default).
{{< example >}}
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
</div>
<div class="col">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Gutters
By adding [gutter modifier classes]({{< docsref "/layout/grid#gutters" >}}), you can have control over the gutter width in as well the inline as block direction. **Also requires the `$enable-grid-classes` Sass variable to be enabled** (on by default).
{{< example >}}
<div class="row g-3">
<div class="col">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
</div>
<div class="col">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
More complex layouts can also be created with the grid system.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="inputEmail4" class="form-label">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail4">
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="inputPassword4" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword4">
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="inputAddress" class="form-label">Address</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress" placeholder="1234 Main St">
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label for="inputAddress2" class="form-label">Address 2</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress2" placeholder="Apartment, studio, or floor">
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="inputCity" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputCity">
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="inputState" class="form-label">State</label>
<select id="inputState" class="form-select">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
<label for="inputZip" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputZip">
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck">
<label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck">
Check me out
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Horizontal form
Create horizontal forms with the grid by adding the `.row` class to form groups and using the `.col-*-*` classes to specify the width of your labels and controls. Be sure to add `.col-form-label` to your `<label>`s as well so they're vertically centered with their associated form controls.
At times, you maybe need to use margin or padding utilities to create that perfect alignment you need. For example, we've removed the `padding-top` on our stacked radio inputs label to better align the text baseline.
{{< example >}}
<form>
<div class="row mb-3">
<label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Password</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3">
</div>
</div>
<fieldset>
<div class="row mb-3">
<legend class="col-form-label col-sm-2 pt-0">Radios</legend>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios1" value="option1" checked>
<label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios1">
First radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios2" value="option2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios2">
Second radio
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check disabled">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios3">
Third disabled radio
</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-form-label col-sm-2 pt-0">Checkbox</div>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck1">
Example checkbox
</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
### Horizontal form label sizing
Be sure to use `.col-form-label-sm` or `.col-form-label-lg` to your `<label>`s or `<legend>`s to correctly follow the size of `.form-control-lg` and `.form-control-sm`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row mb-3">
<label for="colFormLabelSm" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-sm">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="email" class="form-control form-control-sm" id="colFormLabelSm" placeholder="col-form-label-sm">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
<label for="colFormLabel" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="colFormLabel" placeholder="col-form-label">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<label for="colFormLabelLg" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-lg">Email</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="colFormLabelLg" placeholder="col-form-label-lg">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Column sizing
As shown in the previous examples, our grid system allows you to place any number of `.col`s within a `.row`. They'll split the available width equally between them. You may also pick a subset of your columns to take up more or less space, while the remaining `.col`s equally split the rest, with specific column classes like `.col-sm-7`.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row g-3">
<div class="col-sm-7">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="City" aria-label="City">
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="State" aria-label="State">
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Zip" aria-label="Zip">
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Auto-sizing
The example below uses a flexbox utility to vertically center the contents and changes `.col` to `.col-auto` so that your columns only take up as much space as needed. Put another way, the column sizes itself based on the contents.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row gy-2 gx-3 align-items-center">
<div class="col-auto">
<label class="sr-only" for="autoSizingInput">Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInput" placeholder="Jane Doe">
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<label class="sr-only" for="autoSizingInputGroup">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text">@</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInputGroup" placeholder="Username">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<label class="sr-only" for="autoSizingSelect">Preference</label>
<select class="form-select" id="autoSizingSelect">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck">
<label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
You can then remix that once again with size-specific column classes.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row gx-3 gy-2 align-items-center">
<div class="col-sm-3">
<label class="sr-only" for="specificSizeInputName">Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputName" placeholder="Jane Doe">
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<label class="sr-only" for="specificSizeInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text">@</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<label class="sr-only" for="specificSizeSelect">Preference</label>
<select class="form-select" id="specificSizeSelect">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck2">
<label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck2">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Inline forms
Use the `.col-auto` class to create horizontal layouts. By adding [gutter modifier classes]({{< docsref "/layout/grid#gutters" >}}), we'll have gutters in horizontal and vertical directions. The `.align-items-center` aligns the form elements to the middle, making the `.form-checkbox` align properly.
Be sure to always include a `<label>` with each form control, even if you need to hide it from non-screenreader visitors with `.sr-only`.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row row-cols-md-auto g-3 align-items-center">
<div class="col-12">
<label class="sr-only" for="inlineFormInputName">Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inlineFormInputName" placeholder="Jane Doe">
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label class="sr-only" for="inlineFormInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-text">@</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inlineFormInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<label class="sr-only" for="inlineFormSelectPref">Preference</label>
<select class="form-select" id="inlineFormSelectPref">
<option selected>Choose...</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineFormCheck">
<label class="form-check-label" for="inlineFormCheck">
Remember me
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
### Alternatives to hidden labels
Assistive technologies such as screen readers will have trouble with your forms if you don't include a label for every input. For these inline forms, you can hide the labels using the `.sr-only` class. There are further alternative methods of providing a label for assistive technologies, such as the `aria-label`, `aria-labelledby` or `title` attribute. If none of these are present, assistive technologies may resort to using the `placeholder` attribute, if present, but note that use of `placeholder` as a replacement for other labeling methods is not advised.
{{< /callout >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Forms
description: Examples and usage guidelines for form control styles, layout options, and custom components for creating a wide variety of forms.
group: forms
toc: true
aliases: "/docs/5.0/forms/"
sections:
- title: Form control
description: Style textual inputs and textareas with support for multiple states.
- title: Select
description: Improve browser default select elements with a custom initial appearance.
- title: Checks
description: Use our custom radio buttons and checkboxes in forms for selecting input options.
- title: File
description: Replace browser default file inputs with our custom version with optional JavaScript.
- title: Range
description: Replace browser default range inputs with our custom version.
- title: Input group
description: Attach labels and buttons to your inputs for increased semantic value.
- title: Layout
description: Create inline, horizontal, or complex grid-based layouts with your forms.
- title: Validation
description: Validate your forms with custom or native validation behaviors and styles.
---
## Overview
Bootstrap's form controls expand on [our Rebooted form styles]({{< docsref "/content/reboot#forms" >}}) with classes. Use these classes to opt into their customized displays for a more consistent rendering across browsers and devices.
Be sure to use an appropriate `type` attribute on all inputs (e.g., `email` for email address or `number` for numerical information) to take advantage of newer input controls like email verification, number selection, and more.
Here's a quick example to demonstrate Bootstrap's form styles. Keep reading for documentation on required classes, form layout, and more.
{{< example >}}
<form>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1" class="form-label">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" aria-describedby="emailHelp">
<div id="emailHelp" class="form-text">We'll never share your email with anyone else.</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="exampleInputPassword1" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1">
</div>
<div class="mb-3 form-check">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="exampleCheck1">
<label class="form-check-label" for="exampleCheck1">Check me out</label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Form text
Block-level or inline-level form text can be created using `.form-text`.
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Associating form text with form controls
Form text should be explicitly associated with the form control it relates to using the `aria-describedby` attribute. This will ensure that assistive technologies—such as screen readers—will announce this form text when the user focuses or enters the control.
{{< /callout >}}
Form text below inputs can be styled with `.form-text`. If a block-level element will be used, a top margin is added for easy spacing from the inputs above.
{{< example >}}
<label for="inputPassword5" class="form-label">Password</label>
<input type="password" id="inputPassword5" class="form-control" aria-describedby="passwordHelpBlock">
<div id="passwordHelpBlock" class="form-text">
Your password must be 8-20 characters long, contain letters and numbers, and must not contain spaces, special characters, or emoji.
</div>
{{< /example >}}
Inline text can use any typical inline HTML element (be it a `<span>`, `<small>`, or something else) with nothing more than the `.form-text` class.
{{< example >}}
<div class="row g-3 align-items-center">
<div class="col-auto">
<label for="inputPassword6" class="col-form-label">Password</label>
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<input type="password" id="inputPassword6" class="form-control" aria-describedby="passwordHelpInline">
</div>
<div class="col-auto">
<span id="passwordHelpInline" class="form-text">
Must be 8-20 characters long.
</span>
</div>
</div>
{{< /example >}}
## Disabled forms
Add the `disabled` boolean attribute on an input to prevent user interactions and make it appear lighter.
{{< highlight html >}}
<input class="form-control" id="disabledInput" type="text" placeholder="Disabled input here..." disabled>
{{< /highlight >}}
Add the `disabled` attribute to a `<fieldset>` to disable all the controls within.
By default, browsers will treat all native form controls (`<input>`, `<select>`, and `<button>` elements) inside a `<fieldset disabled>` as disabled, preventing both keyboard and mouse interactions on them. However, if your form also includes `<a ... class="btn btn-*">` elements, these will only be given a style of `pointer-events: none`.
{{< example >}}
<form>
<fieldset disabled aria-label="Disabled fieldset example">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="disabledTextInput" class="form-label">Disabled input</label>
<input type="text" id="disabledTextInput" class="form-control" placeholder="Disabled input">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="disabledSelect" class="form-label">Disabled select menu</label>
<select id="disabledSelect" class="form-select">
<option>Disabled select</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="disabledFieldsetCheck" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label" for="disabledFieldsetCheck">
Can't check this
</label>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</fieldset>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Range
description: Use our custom range inputs for consistent cross-browser styling and built-in customization.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Overview
Create custom `<input type="range">` controls with `.form-range`. The track (the background) and thumb (the value) are both styled to appear the same across browsers. As only Firefox supports "filling" their track from the left or right of the thumb as a means to visually indicate progress, we do not currently support it.
{{< example >}}
<label for="customRange1" class="form-label">Example range</label>
<input type="range" class="form-range" id="customRange1">
{{< /example >}}
## Min and max
Range inputs have implicit values for `min` and `max``0` and `100`, respectively. You may specify new values for those using the `min` and `max` attributes.
{{< example >}}
<label for="customRange2" class="form-label">Example range</label>
<input type="range" class="form-range" min="0" max="5" id="customRange2">
{{< /example >}}
## Steps
By default, range inputs "snap" to integer values. To change this, you can specify a `step` value. In the example below, we double the number of steps by using `step="0.5"`.
{{< example >}}
<label for="customRange3" class="form-label">Example range</label>
<input type="range" class="form-range" min="0" max="5" step="0.5" id="customRange3">
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Select
description: Customize the native `<select>`s with custom CSS that changes the element's initial appearance.
group: forms
toc: true
---
## Default
Custom `<select>` menus need only a custom class, `.form-select` to trigger the custom styles. Custom styles are limited to the `<select>`'s initial appearance and cannot modify the `<option>`s due to browser limitations.
{{< example >}}
<select class="form-select" aria-label="Default select example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
{{< /example >}}
## Sizing
You may also choose from small and large custom selects to match our similarly sized text inputs.
{{< example >}}
<select class="form-select form-select-lg mb-3" aria-label=".form-select-lg example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<select class="form-select form-select-sm" aria-label=".form-select-sm example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
{{< /example >}}
The `multiple` attribute is also supported:
{{< example >}}
<select class="form-select" multiple aria-label="multiple select example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
{{< /example >}}
As is the `size` attribute:
{{< example >}}
<select class="form-select" size="3" aria-label="size 3 select example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
{{< /example >}}
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---
layout: docs
title: Validation
description: Provide valuable, actionable feedback to your users with HTML5 form validation, via browser default behaviors or custom styles and JavaScript.
group: forms
toc: true
---
{{< callout warning >}}
We currently recommend using custom validation styles, as native browser default validation messages are not consistently exposed to assistive technologies in all browsers (most notably, Chrome on desktop and mobile).
{{< /callout >}}
## How it works
Here's how form validation works with Bootstrap:
- HTML form validation is applied via CSS's two pseudo-classes, `:invalid` and `:valid`. It applies to `<input>`, `<select>`, and `<textarea>` elements.
- Bootstrap scopes the `:invalid` and `:valid` styles to parent `.was-validated` class, usually applied to the `<form>`. Otherwise, any required field without a value shows up as invalid on page load. This way, you may choose when to activate them (typically after form submission is attempted).
- To reset the appearance of the form (for instance, in the case of dynamic form submissions using AJAX), remove the `.was-validated` class from the `<form>` again after submission.
- As a fallback, `.is-invalid` and `.is-valid` classes may be used instead of the pseudo-classes for [server-side validation](#server-side). They do not require a `.was-validated` parent class.
- Due to constraints in how CSS works, we cannot (at present) apply styles to a `<label>` that comes before a form control in the DOM without the help of custom JavaScript.
- All modern browsers support the [constraint validation API](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/sec-forms.html#the-constraint-validation-api), a series of JavaScript methods for validating form controls.
- Feedback messages may utilize the [browser defaults](#browser-defaults) (different for each browser, and unstylable via CSS) or our custom feedback styles with additional HTML and CSS.
- You may provide custom validity messages with `setCustomValidity` in JavaScript.
With that in mind, consider the following demos for our custom form validation styles, optional server-side classes, and browser defaults.
## Custom styles
For custom Bootstrap form validation messages, you'll need to add the `novalidate` boolean attribute to your `<form>`. This disables the browser default feedback tooltips, but still provides access to the form validation APIs in JavaScript. Try to submit the form below; our JavaScript will intercept the submit button and relay feedback to you. When attempting to submit, you'll see the `:invalid` and `:valid` styles applied to your form controls.
Custom feedback styles apply custom colors, borders, focus styles, and background icons to better communicate feedback. Background icons for `<select>`s are only available with `.form-select`, and not `.form-control`.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
<script>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
'use strict';
// Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation');
// Loop over them and prevent submission
Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
.forEach(function (form) {
form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
if (!form.checkValidity()) {
event.preventDefault();
event.stopPropagation();
}
form.classList.add('was-validated');
}, false);
});
})();
</script>
{{< /example >}}
## Browser defaults
Not interested in custom validation feedback messages or writing JavaScript to change form behaviors? All good, you can use the browser defaults. Try submitting the form below. Depending on your browser and OS, you'll see a slightly different style of feedback.
While these feedback styles cannot be styled with CSS, you can still customize the feedback text through JavaScript.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Server side
We recommend using client-side validation, but in case you require server-side validation, you can indicate invalid and valid form fields with `.is-invalid` and `.is-valid`. Note that `.invalid-feedback` is also supported with these classes.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Supported elements
Validation styles are available for the following form controls and components:
- `<input>`s and `<textarea>`s with `.form-control` (including up to one `.form-control` in input groups)
- `<select>`s with `.form-select`
- `.form-check`s
- `.form-file`
{{< example >}}
<form class="was-validated">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter a message in the textarea.
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
<option value="">Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="form-file mb-3">
<input type="file" class="form-file-input" id="validationFormFile" required>
<label class="form-file-label" for="validationFormFile">
<span class="form-file-text">Choose file...</span>
<span class="form-file-button">Browse</span>
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Tooltips
If your form layout allows it, you can swap the `.{valid|invalid}-feedback` classes for `.{valid|invalid}-tooltip` classes to display validation feedback in a styled tooltip. Be sure to have a parent with `position: relative` on it for tooltip positioning. In the example below, our column classes have this already, but your project may require an alternative setup.
{{< example >}}
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please choose a unique and valid username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
{{< /example >}}
## Customizing
Validation states can be customized via Sass with the `$form-validation-states` map. Located in our `_variables.scss` file, this Sass map is looped over to generate the default `valid`/`invalid` validation states. Included is a nested map for customizing each state's color and icon. While no other states are supported by browsers, those using custom styles can easily add more complex form feedback.
Please note that we do not recommend customizing these values without also modifying the `form-validation-state` mixin.
This is the Sass map from `_variables.scss`. Override this and recompile your Sass to generate different states:
{{< scss-docs name="form-validation-states" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}}
This is the loop from `forms/_validation.scss.scss`. Any modifications to the above Sass map will be reflected in your compiled CSS via this loop:
{{< scss-docs name="form-validation-states-loop" file="scss/forms/_validation.scss" >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Accessibility
description: A brief overview of Bootstrap's features and limitations for the creation of accessible content.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
Bootstrap provides an easy-to-use framework of ready-made styles, layout tools, and interactive components, allowing developers to create websites and applications that are visually appealing, functionally rich, and accessible out of the box.
## Overview and Limitations
The overall accessibility of any project built with Bootstrap depends in large part on the author's markup, additional styling, and scripting they've included. However, provided that these have been implemented correctly, it should be perfectly possible to create websites and applications with Bootstrap that fulfill [<abbr title="Web Content Accessibility Guidelines">WCAG</abbr> 2.0](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/) (A/AA/AAA), [Section 508](https://www.section508.gov/) and similar accessibility standards and requirements.
### Structural markup
Bootstrap's styling and layout can be applied to a wide range of markup structures. This documentation aims to provide developers with best practice examples to demonstrate the use of Bootstrap itself and illustrate appropriate semantic markup, including ways in which potential accessibility concerns can be addressed.
### Interactive components
Bootstrap's interactive components—such as modal dialogs, dropdown menus and custom tooltips—are designed to work for touch, mouse and keyboard users. Through the use of relevant [<abbr title="Web Accessibility Initiative">WAI</abbr>-<abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr>](https://www.w3.org/WAI/standards-guidelines/aria/) roles and attributes, these components should also be understandable and operable using assistive technologies (such as screen readers).
Because Bootstrap's components are purposely designed to be fairly generic, authors may need to include further <abbr title="Accessible Rich Internet Applications">ARIA</abbr> roles and attributes, as well as JavaScript behavior, to more accurately convey the precise nature and functionality of their component. This is usually noted in the documentation.
### Color contrast
Most colors that currently make up Bootstrap's default palette—used throughout the framework for things such as button variations, alert variations, form validation indicators—lead to *insufficient* color contrast (below the recommended [WCAG 2.0 color contrast ratio of 4.5:1](https://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-contrast.html)) when used against a light background. Authors will need to manually modify/extend these default colors to ensure adequate color contrast ratios.
### Visually hidden content
Content which should be visually hidden, but remain accessible to assistive technologies such as screen readers, can be styled using the `.sr-only` class. This can be useful in situations where additional visual information or cues (such as meaning denoted through the use of color) need to also be conveyed to non-visual users.
{{< highlight html >}}
<p class="text-danger">
<span class="sr-only">Danger: </span>
This action is not reversible
</p>
{{< /highlight >}}
For visually hidden interactive controls, such as traditional "skip" links, use the `.sr-only-focusable` class. This will ensure that the control becomes visible once focused (for sighted keyboard users). **Watch out, since Bootstrap 5 the `.sr-only-focusable` class may not be used in combination with the `.sr-only` class.**
{{< highlight html >}}
<a class="sr-only-focusable" href="#content">Skip to main content</a>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Reduced motion
Bootstrap includes support for the [`prefers-reduced-motion` media feature](https://drafts.csswg.org/mediaqueries-5/#prefers-reduced-motion). In browsers/environments that allow the user to specify their preference for reduced motion, most CSS transition effects in Bootstrap (for instance, when a modal dialog is opened or closed, or the sliding animation in carousels) will be disabled.
## Additional resources
- [Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/)
- [The A11Y Project](https://a11yproject.com/)
- [MDN accessibility documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility)
- [Tenon.io Accessibility Checker](https://tenon.io/)
- [Color Contrast Analyser (CCA)](https://developer.paciellogroup.com/resources/contrastanalyser/)
- ["HTML Codesniffer" bookmarklet for identifying accessibility issues](https://github.com/squizlabs/HTML_CodeSniffer)
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Best practices
description: Learn about some of the best practices we've gathered from years of working on and using Bootstrap.
group: getting-started
---
We've designed and developed Bootstrap to work in a number of environments. Here are some of the best practices we've gathered from years of working on and using it ourselves.
{{< callout info >}}
**Heads up!** This copy is a work in progress.
{{< /callout >}}
### General outline
- Working with CSS
- Working with Sass files
- Building new CSS components
- Working with flexbox
- Ask in [Slack](https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com/)
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Browsers and devices
description: Learn about the browsers and devices, from modern to old, that are supported by Bootstrap, including known quirks and bugs for each.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Supported browsers
Bootstrap supports the **latest, stable releases** of all major browsers and platforms. This also includes the latest version of Legacy Edge (EdgeHTML layout engine).
Alternative browsers which use the latest version of WebKit, Blink, or Gecko, whether directly or via the platform's web view API, are not explicitly supported. However, Bootstrap should (in most cases) display and function correctly in these browsers as well. More specific support information is provided below.
You can find our supported range of browsers and their versions [in our `.browserslistrc file`]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/.browserslistrc):
```text
{{< rf.inline >}}
{{- readFile ".browserslistrc" | htmlEscape -}}
{{< /rf.inline >}}
```
We use [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer) to handle intended browser support via CSS prefixes, which uses [Browserslist](https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist) to manage these browser versions. Consult their documentation for how to integrate these tools into your projects.
### Mobile devices
Generally speaking, Bootstrap supports the latest versions of each major platform's default browsers. Note that proxy browsers (such as Opera Mini, Opera Mobile's Turbo mode, UC Browser Mini, Amazon Silk) are not supported.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col"></th>
<th scope="col">Chrome</th>
<th scope="col">Firefox</th>
<th scope="col">Safari</th>
<th scope="col">Android Browser &amp; WebView</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Android</th>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td>v6.0+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">iOS</th>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Desktop browsers
Similarly, the latest versions of most desktop browsers are supported.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col"></th>
<th scope="col">Chrome</th>
<th scope="col">Firefox</th>
<th scope="col">Microsoft Edge</th>
<th scope="col">Opera</th>
<th scope="col">Safari</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Mac</th>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Windows</th>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
For Firefox, in addition to the latest normal stable release, we also support the latest [Extended Support Release (ESR)](https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/enterprise/) version of Firefox.
Unofficially, Bootstrap should look and behave well enough in Chromium and Chrome for Linux, and Firefox for Linux, though they are not officially supported.
## Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer is not supported. **If you require Internet Explorer support, please use Bootstrap v4.**
## Modals and dropdowns on mobile
### Overflow and scrolling
Support for `overflow: hidden;` on the `<body>` element is quite limited in iOS and Android. To that end, when you scroll past the top or bottom of a modal in either of those devices' browsers, the `<body>` content will begin to scroll. See [Chrome bug #175502](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=175502) (fixed in Chrome v40) and [WebKit bug #153852](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=153852).
### iOS text fields and scrolling
As of iOS 9.2, while a modal is open, if the initial touch of a scroll gesture is within the boundary of a textual `<input>` or a `<textarea>`, the `<body>` content underneath the modal will be scrolled instead of the modal itself. See [WebKit bug #153856](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=153856).
### Navbar Dropdowns
The `.dropdown-backdrop` element isn't used on iOS in the nav because of the complexity of z-indexing. Thus, to close dropdowns in navbars, you must directly click the dropdown element (or [any other element which will fire a click event in iOS](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/click_event#Safari_Mobile)).
## Browser zooming
Page zooming inevitably presents rendering artifacts in some components, both in Bootstrap and the rest of the web. Depending on the issue, we may be able to fix it (search first and then open an issue if need be). However, we tend to ignore these as they often have no direct solution other than hacky workarounds.
## Validators
In order to provide the best possible experience to old and buggy browsers, Bootstrap uses [CSS browser hacks](http://browserhacks.com/) in several places to target special CSS to certain browser versions in order to work around bugs in the browsers themselves. These hacks understandably cause CSS validators to complain that they are invalid. In a couple places, we also use bleeding-edge CSS features that aren't yet fully standardized, but these are used purely for progressive enhancement.
These validation warnings don't matter in practice since the non-hacky portion of our CSS does fully validate and the hacky portions don't interfere with the proper functioning of the non-hacky portion, hence why we deliberately ignore these particular warnings.
Our HTML docs likewise have some trivial and inconsequential HTML validation warnings due to our inclusion of a workaround for [a certain Firefox bug](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=654072).
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Build tools
description: Learn how to use Bootstrap's included npm scripts to build our documentation, compile source code, run tests, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Tooling setup
Bootstrap uses [npm scripts](https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/scripts) for its build system. Our [package.json]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/package.json) includes convenient methods for working with the framework, including compiling code, running tests, and more.
To use our build system and run our documentation locally, you'll need a copy of Bootstrap's source files and Node. Follow these steps and you should be ready to rock:
1. [Download and install Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/), which we use to manage our dependencies.
2. Navigate to the root `/bootstrap` directory and run `npm install` to install our local dependencies listed in [package.json]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/package.json).
When completed, you'll be able to run the various commands provided from the command line.
## Using npm scripts
Our [package.json]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/package.json) includes numerous tasks for developing the project. Run `npm run` to see all the npm scripts in your terminal. **Primary tasks include:**
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Task</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<code>npm start</code>
</td>
<td>
Compiles CSS and JavaScript, builds the documentation, and starts a local server.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>npm run dist</code>
</td>
<td>
Creates the <code>dist/</code> directory with compiled files. Requires <a href="https://sass-lang.com/">Sass</a>, <a href="https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer">Autoprefixer</a>, and <a href="https://github.com/terser/terser">terser</a>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>npm test</code>
</td>
<td>
Runs tests locally after running <code>npm run dist</code>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code>npm run docs-serve</code>
</td>
<td>
Builds and runs the documentation locally.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Autoprefixer
Bootstrap uses [Autoprefixer][autoprefixer] (included in our build process) to automatically add vendor prefixes to some CSS properties at build time. Doing so saves us time and code by allowing us to write key parts of our CSS a single time while eliminating the need for vendor mixins like those found in v3.
We maintain the list of browsers supported through Autoprefixer in a separate file within our GitHub repository. See [.browserslistrc]({{< param repo >}}/blob/v{{< param current_version >}}/.browserslistrc) for details.
## Local documentation
Running our documentation locally requires the use of Hugo, which gets installed via the [hugo-bin](https://www.npmjs.com/package/hugo-bin) npm package. Hugo is a blazingly fast and quite extensible static site generator that provides us: basic includes, Markdown-based files, templates, and more. Here's how to get it started:
1. Run through the [tooling setup](#tooling-setup) above to install all dependencies.
2. From the root `/bootstrap` directory, run `npm run docs-serve` in the command line.
3. Open `http://localhost:9001/` in your browser, and voilà.
Learn more about using Hugo by reading its [documentation](https://gohugo.io/documentation/).
## Troubleshooting
Should you encounter problems with installing dependencies, uninstall all previous dependency versions (global and local). Then, rerun `npm install`.
[autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Contents
description: Discover what's included in Bootstrap, including our precompiled and source code flavors.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Precompiled Bootstrap
Once downloaded, unzip the compressed folder and you'll see something like this:
<!-- NOTE: This info is intentionally duplicated in the README. Copy any changes made here over to the README too, but be sure to keep in mind to add the `dist` folder. -->
{{< highlight text >}}
bootstrap/
├── css/
│ ├── bootstrap-grid.css
│ ├── bootstrap-grid.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-grid.min.css
│ ├── bootstrap-grid.min.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-reboot.css
│ ├── bootstrap-reboot.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-reboot.min.css
│ ├── bootstrap-reboot.min.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-utilities.css
│ ├── bootstrap-utilities.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-utilities.min.css
│ ├── bootstrap-utilities.min.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap.css
│ ├── bootstrap.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap.min.css
│ └── bootstrap.min.css.map
└── js/
├── bootstrap.bundle.js
├── bootstrap.bundle.js.map
├── bootstrap.bundle.min.js
├── bootstrap.bundle.min.js.map
├── bootstrap.esm.js
├── bootstrap.esm.js.map
├── bootstrap.esm.min.js
├── bootstrap.esm.min.js.map
├── bootstrap.js
├── bootstrap.js.map
├── bootstrap.min.js
└── bootstrap.min.js.map
{{< /highlight >}}
This is the most basic form of Bootstrap: precompiled files for quick drop-in usage in nearly any web project. We provide compiled CSS and JS (`bootstrap.*`), as well as compiled and minified CSS and JS (`bootstrap.min.*`). [source maps](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/javascript/source-maps) (`bootstrap.*.map`) are available for use with certain browsers' developer tools. Bundled JS files (`bootstrap.bundle.js` and minified `bootstrap.bundle.min.js`) include [Popper](https://popper.js.org/).
## CSS files
Bootstrap includes a handful of options for including some or all of our compiled CSS.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">CSS files</th>
<th scope="col">Layout</th>
<th scope="col">Content</th>
<th scope="col">Components</th>
<th scope="col">Utilities</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.css</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.min.css</code></div>
</th>
<td>Included</td>
<td>Included</td>
<td>Included</td>
<td>Included</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-grid.css</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-grid.min.css</code></div>
</th>
<td><a class="link-secondary" href="{{< docsref "/layout/grid" >}}">Only grid system</a></td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td><a class="link-secondary" href="{{< docsref "/utilities/flex" >}}">Only flex utilities</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-utilities.css</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-utilities.min.css</code></div>
</th>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td>Included</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-reboot.css</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap-reboot.min.css</code></div>
</th>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td><a class="link-secondary" href="{{< docsref "/content/reboot" >}}">Only Reboot</a></td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## JS files
Similarly, we have options for including some or all of our compiled JavaScript.
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">JS files</th>
<th scope="col">Popper</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.bundle.js</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.bundle.min.js</code></div>
</th>
<td>Included</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.js</code></div>
<div><code class="font-weight-normal text-nowrap">bootstrap.min.js</code></div>
</th>
<td class="text-muted">&mdash;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Bootstrap source code
The Bootstrap source code download includes the precompiled CSS and JavaScript assets, along with source Sass, JavaScript, and documentation. More specifically, it includes the following and more:
{{< highlight text >}}
bootstrap/
├── dist/
│ ├── css/
│ └── js/
├── site/
│ └──content/
│ └── docs/
│ └── 5.0/
│ └── examples/
├── js/
└── scss/
{{< /highlight >}}
The `scss/` and `js/` are the source code for our CSS and JavaScript. The `dist/` folder includes everything listed in the precompiled download section above. The `site/docs/` folder includes the source code for our documentation, and `examples/` of Bootstrap usage. Beyond that, any other included file provides support for packages, license information, and development.
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Download
description: Download Bootstrap to get the compiled CSS and JavaScript, source code, or include it with your favorite package managers like npm, RubyGems, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Compiled CSS and JS
Download ready-to-use compiled code for **Bootstrap v{{< param current_version >}}** to easily drop into your project, which includes:
- Compiled and minified CSS bundles (see [CSS files comparison]({{< docsref "/getting-started/contents#css-files" >}}))
- Compiled and minified JavaScript plugins
This doesn't include documentation, source files, or any optional JavaScript dependencies like Popper.js.
<a href="{{< param "download.dist" >}}" class="btn btn-bd-primary" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Getting started', 'Download', 'Download Bootstrap');">Download</a>
## Source files
Compile Bootstrap with your own asset pipeline by downloading our source Sass, JavaScript, and documentation files. This option requires some additional tooling:
- Sass compiler (Libsass or Ruby Sass is supported) for compiling your CSS.
- [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer) for CSS vendor prefixing
Should you require [build tools]({{< docsref "/getting-started/build-tools#tooling-setup" >}}), they are included for developing Bootstrap and its docs, but they're likely unsuitable for your own purposes.
<a href="{{< param "download.source" >}}" class="btn btn-bd-primary" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Getting started', 'Download', 'Download source');">Download source</a>
## Examples
If you want to download and examine our [examples]({{< docsref "/examples" >}}), you can grab the already built examples:
<a href="{{< param "download.dist_examples" >}}" class="btn btn-bd-primary" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Getting started', 'Download', 'Download Examples');">Download Examples</a>
## BootstrapCDN
Skip the download with [BootstrapCDN](https://www.bootstrapcdn.com/) to deliver cached version of Bootstrap's compiled CSS and JS to your project.
{{< highlight html >}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{< param "cdn.css" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.css_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous">
<script src="{{< param "cdn.js" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.js_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{{< /highlight >}}
If you're using our compiled JavaScript, don't forget to include Popper.js, via a CDN preferably, before our JS.
{{< highlight html >}}
<script src="{{< param "cdn.popper" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.popper_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{{< /highlight >}}
## Package managers
Pull in Bootstrap's **source files** into nearly any project with some of the most popular package managers. No matter the package manager, Bootstrap will **require a Sass compiler and [Autoprefixer](https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer)** for a setup that matches our official compiled versions.
### npm
Install Bootstrap in your Node.js powered apps with [the npm package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bootstrap):
{{< highlight sh >}}
npm install bootstrap
{{< /highlight >}}
`const bootstrap = require('bootstrap')` or `import bootstrap from 'bootstrap'` will load all of Bootstrap's plugins onto a `bootstrap` object.
The `bootstrap` module itself exports all of our plugins. You can manually load Bootstrap's plugins individually by loading the `/js/dist/*.js` files under the package's top-level directory.
Bootstrap's `package.json` contains some additional metadata under the following keys:
- `sass` - path to Bootstrap's main [Sass](https://sass-lang.com/) source file
- `style` - path to Bootstrap's non-minified CSS that's been precompiled using the default settings (no customization)
### yarn
Install Bootstrap in your Node.js powered apps with [the yarn package](https://yarnpkg.com/en/package/bootstrap):
{{< highlight sh >}}
yarn add bootstrap
{{< /highlight >}}
### RubyGems
Install Bootstrap in your Ruby apps using [Bundler](https://bundler.io/) (**recommended**) and [RubyGems](https://rubygems.org/) by adding the following line to your [`Gemfile`](https://bundler.io/gemfile.html):
{{< highlight ruby >}}
gem 'bootstrap', '~> {{< param current_ruby_version >}}'
{{< /highlight >}}
Alternatively, if you're not using Bundler, you can install the gem by running this command:
{{< highlight sh >}}
gem install bootstrap -v {{< param current_ruby_version >}}
{{< /highlight >}}
[See the gem's README](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-rubygem/blob/master/README.md) for further details.
### Composer
You can also install and manage Bootstrap's Sass and JavaScript using [Composer](https://getcomposer.org/):
{{< highlight sh >}}
composer require twbs/bootstrap:{{< param current_version >}}
{{< /highlight >}}
### NuGet
If you develop in .NET, you can also install and manage Bootstrap's [CSS](https://www.nuget.org/packages/bootstrap/) or [Sass](https://www.nuget.org/packages/bootstrap.sass/) and JavaScript using [NuGet](https://www.nuget.org/):
{{< highlight powershell >}}
Install-Package bootstrap
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< highlight powershell >}}
Install-Package bootstrap.sass
{{< /highlight >}}
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
---
layout: docs
title: Introduction
description: Get started with Bootstrap, the world's most popular framework for building responsive, mobile-first sites, with BootstrapCDN and a template starter page.
group: getting-started
aliases:
- "/docs/5.0/getting-started/"
- "/docs/getting-started/"
- "/getting-started/"
toc: true
---
## Quick start
Looking to quickly add Bootstrap to your project? Use BootstrapCDN, provided for free by the folks at StackPath. Using a package manager or need to download the source files? [Head to the downloads page]({{< docsref "/getting-started/download" >}}).
### CSS
Copy-paste the stylesheet `<link>` into your `<head>` before all other stylesheets to load our CSS.
{{< highlight html >}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{< param "cdn.css" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.css_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous">
{{< /highlight >}}
### JS
Many of our components require the use of JavaScript to function. Specifically, they require our own JavaScript plugins and [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org/). Place the following `<script>`s near the end of your pages, right before the closing `</body>` tag, to enable them. Popper.js must come first, and then our JavaScript plugins.
{{< highlight html >}}
<script src="{{< param "cdn.popper" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.popper_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{< param "cdn.js" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.js_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{{< /highlight >}}
If you use `<script type="module">`, please refer to our [using Bootstrap as a module]({{< docsref "/getting-started/javascript#using-bootstrap-as-a-module" >}}) section.
Curious which components explicitly require our JavaScript and Popper.js? Click the show components link below. If you're at all unsure about the general page structure, keep reading for an example page template.
Our `bootstrap.bundle.js` and `bootstrap.bundle.min.js` include [Popper](https://popper.js.org/). For more information about what's included in Bootstrap, please see our [contents]({{< docsref "/getting-started/contents#precompiled-bootstrap" >}}) section.
{{< partial "getting-started/components-requiring-javascript" >}}
## Starter template
Be sure to have your pages set up with the latest design and development standards. That means using an HTML5 doctype and including a viewport meta tag for proper responsive behaviors. Put it all together and your pages should look like this:
{{< highlight html >}}
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Required meta tags -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{< param "cdn.css" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.css_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous">
<title>Hello, world!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<!-- Optional JavaScript -->
<!-- Popper.js first, then Bootstrap JS -->
<script src="{{< param "cdn.popper" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.popper_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="{{< param "cdn.js" >}}" integrity="{{< param "cdn.js_hash" >}}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>
{{< /highlight >}}
That's all you need for overall page requirements. Visit the [Layout docs]({{< docsref "/layout/grid" >}}) or [our official examples]({{< docsref "/examples" >}}) to start laying out your site's content and components.
## Important globals
Bootstrap employs a handful of important global styles and settings that you'll need to be aware of when using it, all of which are almost exclusively geared towards the *normalization* of cross browser styles. Let's dive in.
### HTML5 doctype
Bootstrap requires the use of the HTML5 doctype. Without it, you'll see some funky incomplete styling, but including it shouldn't cause any considerable hiccups.
{{< highlight html >}}
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
...
</html>
{{< /highlight >}}
### Responsive meta tag
Bootstrap is developed *mobile first*, a strategy in which we optimize code for mobile devices first and then scale up components as necessary using CSS media queries. To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming for all devices, **add the responsive viewport meta tag** to your `<head>`.
{{< highlight html >}}
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
{{< /highlight >}}
You can see an example of this in action in the [starter template](#starter-template).
### Box-sizing
For more straightforward sizing in CSS, we switch the global `box-sizing` value from `content-box` to `border-box`. This ensures `padding` does not affect the final computed width of an element, but it can cause problems with some third party software like Google Maps and Google Custom Search Engine.
On the rare occasion you need to override it, use something like the following:
{{< highlight css >}}
.selector-for-some-widget {
box-sizing: content-box;
}
{{< /highlight >}}
With the above snippet, nested elements—including generated content via `::before` and `::after`—will all inherit the specified `box-sizing` for that `.selector-for-some-widget`.
Learn more about [box model and sizing at CSS Tricks](https://css-tricks.com/box-sizing/).
### Reboot
For improved cross-browser rendering, we use [Reboot]({{< docsref "/content/reboot" >}}) to correct inconsistencies across browsers and devices while providing slightly more opinionated resets to common HTML elements.
## Community
Stay up to date on the development of Bootstrap and reach out to the community with these helpful resources.
- Follow [@getbootstrap on Twitter](https://twitter.com/{{< param twitter >}}).
- Read and subscribe to [The Official Bootstrap Blog]({{< param blog >}}).
- Join [the official Slack room]({{< param slack >}}).
- Chat with fellow Bootstrappers in IRC. On the `irc.freenode.net` server, in the `##bootstrap` channel.
- Implementation help may be found at Stack Overflow (tagged [`bootstrap-4`](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/bootstrap-4)).
- Developers should use the keyword `bootstrap` on packages which modify or add to the functionality of Bootstrap when distributing through [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/search?q=keywords:bootstrap) or similar delivery mechanisms for maximum discoverability.
You can also follow [@getbootstrap on Twitter](https://twitter.com/{{< param twitter >}}) for the latest gossip and awesome music videos.
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
---
layout: docs
title: JavaScript
description: Bring Bootstrap to life with our optional JavaScript plugins. Learn about each plugin, our data and programmatic API options, and more.
group: getting-started
toc: true
---
## Individual or compiled
Plugins can be included individually (using Bootstrap's individual `js/dist/*.js`), or all at once using `bootstrap.js` or the minified `bootstrap.min.js` (don't include both).
If you use a bundler (Webpack, Rollup...), you can use `/js/dist/*.js` files which are UMD ready.
## Using Bootstrap as a module
We provide a version of Bootstrap built as `ESM` (`bootstrap.esm.js` and `bootstrap.esm.min.js`) which allows you to use Bootstrap as a module in your browser, if your [targeted browsers support it](https://caniuse.com/#feat=es6-module).
{{< highlight html >}}
<script type="module">
import { Toast } from 'bootstrap.esm.min.js'
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.toast'))
.forEach(toastNode => new Toast(toastNode))
</script>
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
## Incompatible plugins
Due to browser limitations, some of our plugins, namely Dropdown, Tooltip and Popover plugins, cannot be used in a `<script>` tag with `module` type because they depend on Popper.js. For more information about the issue see [here](https://v8.dev/features/modules#specifiers).
{{< /callout >}}
## Dependencies
Some plugins and CSS components depend on other plugins. If you include plugins individually, make sure to check for these dependencies in the docs.
Our dropdowns, popovers and tooltips also depend on [Popper.js](https://popper.js.org/).
## Still want to use jQuery? It's possible!
Bootstrap 5 is designed to be used without jQuery, but it's still possible to use our components with jQuery. **If Bootstrap detects `jQuery` in the `window` object** it'll add all of our components in jQuery's plugin system; this means you'll be able to do `$('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip()` to enable tooltips. The same goes for our other components.
## Data attributes
Nearly all Bootstrap plugins can be enabled and configured through HTML alone with data attributes (our preferred way of using JavaScript functionality). Be sure to **only use one set of data attributes on a single element** (e.g., you cannot trigger a tooltip and modal from the same button.)
{{< callout warning >}}
## Selectors
Currently to query DOM elements we use the native methods `querySelector` and `querySelectorAll` for performance reasons, so you have to use [valid selectors](https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#value-def-identifier).
If you use special selectors, for example: `collapse:Example` be sure to escape them.
{{< /callout >}}
## Events
Bootstrap provides custom events for most plugins' unique actions. Generally, these come in an infinitive and past participle form - where the infinitive (ex. `show`) is triggered at the start of an event, and its past participle form (ex. `shown`) is triggered on the completion of an action.
All infinitive events provide [`preventDefault()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event/preventDefault) functionality. This provides the ability to stop the execution of an action before it starts. Returning false from an event handler will also automatically call `preventDefault()`.
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModal = document.getElementById('myModal')
myModal.addEventListener('show.bs.modal', function (e) {
if (!data) {
return e.preventDefault() // stops modal from being shown
}
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< callout warning >}}
## jQuery events
Bootstrap will detect jQuery if `jQuery` is present in the `window` object and there is no `data-no-jquery` attribute set on `<body>`. If jQuery is found, Bootstrap will emit events thanks to jQuery's event system. So if you want to listen to Bootstrap's events, you'll have to use the jQuery methods (`.on`, `.one`) instead of `addEventListener`.
{{< highlight js >}}
$('#myTab a').on('shown.bs.tab', function () {
// do something...
})
{{< /highlight >}}
{{< /callout >}}
## Programmatic API
All constructors accept an optional options object or nothing (which initiates a plugin with its default behavior):
{{< highlight js >}}
var myModalEl = document.getElementById('myModal')
var modal = new bootstrap.Modal(myModalEl) // initialized with defaults
var modal = new bootstrap.Modal(myModalEl, { keyboard: false }) // initialized with no keyboard
{{< /highlight >}}
If you'd like to get a particular plugin instance, each plugin exposes a `getInstance` method. In order to retrieve it directly from an element, do this: `bootstrap.Popover.getInstance(myPopoverEl)`.
### Asynchronous functions and transitions
All programmatic API methods are **asynchronous** and return to the caller once the transition is started but **before it ends**.
In order to execute an action once the transition is complete, you can listen to the corresponding event.
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCollapseEl = document.getElementById('#myCollapse')
myCollapseEl.addEventListener('shown.bs.collapse', function (e) {
// Action to execute once the collapsible area is expanded
})
{{< /highlight >}}
In addition a method call on a **transitioning component will be ignored**.
{{< highlight js >}}
var myCarouselEl = document.getElementById('myCarousel')
var carousel = bootstrap.Carousel.getInstance(myCarouselEl) // Retrieve a Carousel instance
myCarouselEl.addEventListener('slid.bs.carousel', function (e) {
carousel.to('2') // Will slide to the slide 2 as soon as the transition to slide 1 is finished
})
carousel.to('1') // Will start sliding to the slide 1 and returns to the caller
carousel.to('2') // !! Will be ignored, as the transition to the slide 1 is not finished !!
{{< /highlight >}}
### Default settings
You can change the default settings for a plugin by modifying the plugin's `Constructor.Default` object:
{{< highlight js >}}
// changes default for the modal plugin's `keyboard` option to false
bootstrap.Modal.Default.keyboard = false
{{< /highlight >}}
## No conflict (only if you use jQuery)
Sometimes it is necessary to use Bootstrap plugins with other UI frameworks. In these circumstances, namespace collisions can occasionally occur. If this happens, you may call `.noConflict` on the plugin you wish to revert the value of.
{{< highlight js >}}
var bootstrapButton = $.fn.button.noConflict() // return $.fn.button to previously assigned value
$.fn.bootstrapBtn = bootstrapButton // give $().bootstrapBtn the Bootstrap functionality
{{< /highlight >}}
## Version numbers
The version of each of Bootstrap's plugins can be accessed via the `VERSION` property of the plugin's constructor. For example, for the tooltip plugin:
{{< highlight js >}}
bootstrap.Tooltip.VERSION // => "{{< param current_version >}}"
{{< /highlight >}}
## No special fallbacks when JavaScript is disabled
Bootstrap's plugins don't fall back particularly gracefully when JavaScript is disabled. If you care about the user experience in this case, use [`<noscript>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/noscript) to explain the situation (and how to re-enable JavaScript) to your users, and/or add your own custom fallbacks.
{{< callout warning >}}
##### Third-party libraries
**Bootstrap does not officially support third-party JavaScript libraries** like Prototype or jQuery UI. Despite `.noConflict` and namespaced events, there may be compatibility problems that you need to fix on your own.
{{< /callout >}}
## Sanitizer
Tooltips and Popovers use our built-in sanitizer to sanitize options which accept HTML.
The default `whiteList` value is the following:
{{< highlight js >}}
var ARIA_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN = /^aria-[\w-]*$/i
var DefaultWhitelist = {
// Global attributes allowed on any supplied element below.
'*': ['class', 'dir', 'id', 'lang', 'role', ARIA_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN],
a: ['target', 'href', 'title', 'rel'],
area: [],
b: [],
br: [],
col: [],
code: [],
div: [],
em: [],
hr: [],
h1: [],
h2: [],
h3: [],
h4: [],
h5: [],
h6: [],
i: [],
img: ['src', 'srcset', 'alt', 'title', 'width', 'height'],
li: [],
ol: [],
p: [],
pre: [],
s: [],
small: [],
span: [],
sub: [],
sup: [],
strong: [],
u: [],
ul: []
}
{{< /highlight >}}
If you want to add new values to this default `whiteList` you can do the following:
{{< highlight js >}}
var myDefaultWhiteList = bootstrap.Tooltip.Default.whiteList
// To allow table elements
myDefaultWhiteList.table = []
// To allow td elements and data-option attributes on td elements
myDefaultWhiteList.td = ['data-option']
// You can push your custom regex to validate your attributes.
// Be careful about your regular expressions being too lax
var myCustomRegex = /^data-my-app-[\w-]+/
myDefaultWhiteList['*'].push(myCustomRegex)
{{< /highlight >}}
If you want to bypass our sanitizer because you prefer to use a dedicated library, for example [DOMPurify](https://www.npmjs.com/package/dompurify), you should do the following:
{{< highlight js >}}
var yourTooltipEl = document.getElementById('yourTooltip')
var tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(yourTooltipEl, {
sanitizeFn: function (content) {
return DOMPurify.sanitize(content)
}
})
{{< /highlight >}}

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