# Modal · Bootstrap
Use Bootstrap’s JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.
Author: Mark Otto, Jacob Thornton, and Bootstrap contributors

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# Modal

Use Bootstrap’s JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.

## How it works

Before getting started with Bootstrap’s modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.

- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They’re positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `<body>` so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal “backdrop” will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren’t supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You’ll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. See our browser support docs for details.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, the `autofocus` HTML attribute has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:

    $('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function () {
      $('#myInput').trigger('focus')
    })

Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines.

## Examples

### Modal components

Below is a static modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.

##### Modal title

Modal body text goes here.

    <div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
      <div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
        <div class="modal-content">
          <div class="modal-header">
            <h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
              <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-body">
            <p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

### Live demo

Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.

##### Modal title

Woohoo, you're reading this text in a modal!

    <!-- Button trigger modal -->
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal">
      Launch demo modal
    </button>

    <!-- Modal -->
    <div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
        <div class="modal-content">
          <div class="modal-header">
            <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
              <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-body">
            ...
          </div>
          <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

### Scrolling long content

When modals become too long for the user’s viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.

##### Modal title

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.

Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

    <!-- Button trigger modal -->
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalLong">
      Launch demo modal
    </button>

    <!-- Modal -->
    <div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLong" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLongTitle" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
        <div class="modal-content">
          <div class="modal-header">
            <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
              <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-body">
            ...
          </div>
          <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

### Vertically centered

Add `.modal-dialog-centered` to `.modal-dialog` to vertically center the modal.

##### Modal title

Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.

    <!-- Button trigger modal -->
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModalCenter">
      Launch demo modal
    </button>

    <!-- Modal -->
    <div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalCenter" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalCenterTitle" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document">
        <div class="modal-content">
          <div class="modal-header">
            <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
              <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-body">
            ...
          </div>
          <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

### Tooltips and popovers

Tooltips and popovers can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.

##### Modal title

##### Popover in a modal

This button triggers a popover on click.

##### Tooltips in a modal

This link and that link have tooltips on hover.

    <div class="modal-body">
      <h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
      <p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
      <hr>
      <h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
      <p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
    </div>

### Using the grid

Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.

##### Grids in modals

.col-md-4
.col-md-4 .ml-auto
.col-md-3 .ml-auto
.col-md-2 .ml-auto
.col-md-6 .ml-auto
Level 1: .col-sm-9
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6

    <div class="modal-body">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
          <div class="col-md-4 ml-auto">.col-md-4 .ml-auto</div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-3 ml-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-auto</div>
          <div class="col-md-2 ml-auto">.col-md-2 .ml-auto</div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-6 ml-auto">.col-md-6 .ml-auto</div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-sm-9">
            Level 1: .col-sm-9
            <div class="row">
              <div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
                Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
              </div>
              <div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
                Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

### Varying modal content

Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and HTML `data-*` attributes (possibly via jQuery) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.

Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, read the modal events docs for details on `relatedTarget`.

##### New message

Recipient:
Message:

    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@mdo">Open modal for @mdo</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@fat">Open modal for @fat</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@getbootstrap">Open modal for @getbootstrap</button>

    <div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
        <div class="modal-content">
          <div class="modal-header">
            <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">New message</h5>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
              <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-body">
            <form>
              <div class="form-group">
                <label for="recipient-name" class="col-form-label">Recipient:</label>
                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="recipient-name">
              </div>
              <div class="form-group">
                <label for="message-text" class="col-form-label">Message:</label>
                <textarea class="form-control" id="message-text"></textarea>
              </div>
            </form>
          </div>
          <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Send message</button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    $('#exampleModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
      var button = $(event.relatedTarget) // Button that triggered the modal
      var recipient = button.data('whatever') // Extract info from data-* attributes
      // If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here (and then do the updating in a callback).
      // Update the modal's content. We'll use jQuery here, but you could use a data binding library or other methods instead.
      var modal = $(this)
      modal.find('.modal-title').text('New message to ' + recipient)
      modal.find('.modal-body input').val(recipient)
    })

### Remove animation

For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup.

    <div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="..." aria-hidden="true">
      ...
    </div>

### Dynamic heights

If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')` to readjust the modal’s position in case a scrollbar appears.

### Accessibility

Be sure to add `role="dialog"` and `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`, and `role="document"` to the `.modal-dialog` itself. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`.

### Embedding YouTube videos

Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. See this helpful Stack Overflow post for more information.

## Optional sizes

Modals have two optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.

    <!-- Large modal -->
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-lg">Large modal</button>

    <div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myLargeModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
        <div class="modal-content">
          ...
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <!-- Small modal -->
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-sm">Small modal</button>

    <div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
      <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
        <div class="modal-content">
          ...
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

#### Large modal

...

#### Small modal

...

## Usage

The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.

### Via data attributes

Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.

    <button type="button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Launch modal</button>

### Via JavaScript

Call a modal with id `myModal` with a single line of JavaScript:

    $('#myModal').modal(options)

### Options

Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-backdrop=""`.

Name | Type | Default | Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
backdrop | boolean or the string `'static'` | true | Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify `static` for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.
keyboard | boolean | true | Closes the modal when escape key is pressed
focus | boolean | true | Puts the focus on the modal when initialized.
show | boolean | true | Shows the modal when initialized.

### Methods

#### Asynchronous methods and transitions

All API methods are asynchronous and start a transition. They return to the caller as soon as the transition is started but before it ends. In addition, a method call on a transitioning component will be ignored.

See our JavaScript documentation for more information.

#### `.modal(options)`

Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.

    $('#myModal').modal({
      keyboard: false
    })

#### `.modal('toggle')`

Manually toggles a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).

    $('#myModal').modal('toggle')

#### `.modal('show')`

Manually opens a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs).

    $('#myModal').modal('show')

#### `.modal('hide')`

Manually hides a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).

    $('#myModal').modal('hide')

#### `.modal('handleUpdate')`

Manually readjust the modal’s position if the height of a modal changes while it is open (i.e. in case a scrollbar appears).

    $('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')

#### `.modal('dispose')`

Destroys an element’s modal.

### Events

Bootstrap’s modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).

Event Type | Description
--- | ---
show.bs.modal | This event fires immediately when the `show` instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the `relatedTarget` property of the event.
shown.bs.modal | This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the `relatedTarget` property of the event.
hide.bs.modal | This event is fired immediately when the `hide` instance method has been called.
hidden.bs.modal | This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).

    $('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
      // do something...
    })