diff --git a/backend.go b/backend.go
index c9fa87ff..e9ba38fc 100644
--- a/backend.go
+++ b/backend.go
@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ type Backend struct {
 	authType   uint32
 }
 
+const (
+	minStartupPacketLen = 4     // minStartupPacketLen is a single 32-bit int version or code.
+	maxStartupPacketLen = 10000 // maxStartupPacketLen is MAX_STARTUP_PACKET_LENGTH from PG source.
+)
+
 // NewBackend creates a new Backend.
 func NewBackend(cr ChunkReader, w io.Writer) *Backend {
 	return &Backend{cr: cr, w: w}
@@ -56,6 +61,10 @@ func (b *Backend) ReceiveStartupMessage() (FrontendMessage, error) {
 	}
 	msgSize := int(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf) - 4)
 
+	if msgSize < minStartupPacketLen || msgSize > maxStartupPacketLen {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid length of startup packet: %d", msgSize)
+	}
+
 	buf, err = b.cr.Next(msgSize)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, translateEOFtoErrUnexpectedEOF(err)
diff --git a/backend_test.go b/backend_test.go
index 19970c34..5e9a2ac5 100644
--- a/backend_test.go
+++ b/backend_test.go
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/jackc/pgio"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgproto3/v2"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func TestBackendReceiveInterrupted(t *testing.T) {
@@ -54,3 +56,63 @@ func TestBackendReceiveUnexpectedEOF(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Nil(t, msg)
 	assert.Equal(t, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF, err)
 }
+
+func TestStartupMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("valid StartupMessage", func(t *testing.T) {
+		want := &pgproto3.StartupMessage{
+			ProtocolVersion: pgproto3.ProtocolVersionNumber,
+			Parameters: map[string]string{
+				"username": "tester",
+			},
+		}
+		dst := []byte{}
+		dst = want.Encode(dst)
+
+		server := &interruptReader{}
+		server.push(dst)
+
+		backend := pgproto3.NewBackend(pgproto3.NewChunkReader(server), nil)
+
+		msg, err := backend.ReceiveStartupMessage()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, want, msg)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid packet length", func(t *testing.T) {
+		wantErr := "invalid length of startup packet"
+		tests := []struct {
+			name      string
+			packetLen uint32
+		}{
+			{
+				name: "large packet length",
+				// Since the StartupMessage contains the "Length of message contents
+				//  in bytes, including self", the max startup packet length is actually
+				//  10000+4. Therefore, let's go past the limit with 10005
+				packetLen: 10005,
+			},
+			{
+				name:      "short packet length",
+				packetLen: 3,
+			},
+		}
+		for _, tt := range tests {
+			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				server := &interruptReader{}
+				dst := []byte{}
+				dst = pgio.AppendUint32(dst, tt.packetLen)
+				dst = pgio.AppendUint32(dst, pgproto3.ProtocolVersionNumber)
+				server.push(dst)
+
+				backend := pgproto3.NewBackend(pgproto3.NewChunkReader(server), nil)
+
+				msg, err := backend.ReceiveStartupMessage()
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				require.Nil(t, msg)
+				require.Contains(t, err.Error(), wantErr)
+			})
+		}
+	})
+}